qemu-img管理虚拟机

qemu-img管理虚拟机

1. 查看正在运行的虚拟机

[root@idca-vm02 ~]# virsh list

 Id    名称                         状态

----------------------------------------------------

 2     idca-bankccb-b2c-45            running

 4     idca-bankicbc-42-clone         running

 6     idca_rhel5_con29_6.29          running

 7     idca_w03_bkccb_b2b_101         running

 10    idca_w03_bkicbc_b2b_102        running

 16    idca-bankcncb-44               running

 18    idca_w03_bkcmb_b2b_105         running

 20    idca_w03_bkpab_87              running

 32    idca_w03_bkcomm_b2b_103        running

 34    idca-bankhxb-43                running

 38    idca_rhel5_con23_6.23_new      running

 43    idca_w03_bkpab_dk_6.88         running

2. 查看所有虚拟机

 

[root@idca-vm02 ~]# virsh list --all

 Id    名称                         状态

----------------------------------------------------

 2     idca-bankccb-b2c-45            running

 4     idca-bankicbc-42-clone         running

 6     idca_rhel5_con29_6.29          running

 7     idca_w03_bkccb_b2b_101         running

 10    idca_w03_bkicbc_b2b_102        running

 16    idca-bankcncb-44               running

 18    idca_w03_bkcmb_b2b_105         running

 20    idca_w03_bkpab_87              running

 32    idca_w03_bkcomm_b2b_103        running

 34    idca-bankhxb-43                running

 38    idca_rhel5_con23_6.23_new      running

 43    idca_w03_bkpab_dk_6.88         running

 -     idca_rhel5_con23_6.23          关闭

 -     idca_w03_mod                   关闭

3.编辑某个域的 XML 配置

virsh  edit  idca-bankcncb-44

xml文件内容如下：

[root@idca-vm02 ~]# virsh  edit  idca-bankcncb-44

<domain type='kvm'>

  <name>idca-bankcncb-44</name>

  <uuid>17d9c1a2-a34d-6b7a-88ff-e96412bbdda5</uuid>

  <memory unit='KiB'>1048576</memory>

  <currentMemory unit='KiB'>1048576</currentMemory>

  <vcpu placement='static'>2</vcpu>

  <os>

    <type arch='x86_64' machine='rhel6.5.0'>hvm</type>

    <boot dev='hd'/>

  </os>

<domain type='kvm'>

  <name>idca-bankcncb-44</name>

  <uuid>17d9c1a2-a34d-6b7a-88ff-e96412bbdda5</uuid>

  <memory unit='KiB'>1048576</memory>

  <currentMemory unit='KiB'>1048576</currentMemory>

  <vcpu placement='static'>2</vcpu>

  <os>

    <type arch='x86_64' machine='rhel6.5.0'>hvm</type>

    <boot dev='hd'/>

  </os>

  <features>

    <acpi/>

    <apic/>

    <pae/>

  </features>

  <clock offset='utc'/>

  <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>

  <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>

  <on_crash>restart</on_crash>

  <devices>

    <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator>

    <disk type='file' device='disk'>

      <driver name='qemu' type='raw' cache='none'/>

      <source file='/kvmfs/vmfspool/idca-bankicbc-42_vd1-clone-clone-5.img'/>

      <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/>

      <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='0'/>

    </disk>

    <disk type='file' device='disk'>

      <driver name='qemu' type='raw' cache='none'/>

      <source file='/kvmfs/vmfspool/idca-bankicbc-42_vd2-clone-clone-5.img'/>

      <target dev='hdb' bus='ide'/>

      <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='1'/>

    </disk>

    <controller type='usb' index='0'>

      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x2'/>

    </controller>

    <controller type='ide' index='0'>

      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/>

    </controller>

    <interface type='bridge'>

      <mac address='52:54:00:38:b0:3b'/>

      <source bridge='br0'/>

      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>

    </interface>

    <serial type='pty'>

      <target port='0'/>

    </serial>

    <console type='pty'>

      <target type='serial' port='0'/>

    </console>

    <input type='tablet' bus='usb'/>

    <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>

    <graphics type='vnc' port='-1' autoport='yes'/>

    <sound model='ich6'>

      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/>

3. 开启、关闭、挂起、删除一个域

virsh start     idca-bankhxb-43

virsh shutdown     idca-bankhxb-43

virsh suspend  idca-bankhxb-43

virsh destrory(stop)  idca-bankhxb-43

4.镜像格式转换

qemu-img convert -O raw idca-bankcncb-62.qcow2 idca-bankcncb-62.img

5.virsh克隆虚拟机

virt-clone -o idca-bankccb-b2c-45 -n idca-bankccb-b2c-45_20170515bak -f ./idca-bankccb-b2c-45_20170515bak.img

参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/beanmoon/p/4673525.html

6.virsh命令帮助

[root@idca-vm02 ~]# virsh help

Grouped commands:

 

 Domain Management (help keyword 'domain'):

    attach-device                  从一个XML文件附加装置

    attach-disk                    附加磁盘设备

    attach-interface               获得网络界面

    autostart                      自动开始一个域

    blkdeviotune                   Set or query a block device I/O tuning parameters.

    blkiotune                      Get or set blkio parameters

    blockcommit                    Start a block commit operation.

    blockcopy                      Start a block copy operation.

    blockjob                       Manage active block operations

    blockpull                      Populate a disk from its backing image.

    blockresize                    Resize block device of domain.

    change-media                   Change media of CD or floppy drive

    console                        连接到客户会话

    cpu-baseline                   compute baseline CPU

    cpu-compare                    compare host CPU with a CPU described by an XML file

    cpu-stats                      show domain cpu statistics

    create                         从一个 XML 文件创建一个域

    define                         从一个 XML 文件定义（但不开始）一个域

    desc                           show or set domain's description or title

    destroy                        destroy (stop) a domain

    detach-device                  从一个 XML 文件分离设备

    detach-disk                    分离磁盘设备

    detach-interface               分离网络界面

    domdisplay                     domain display connection URI

    domhostname                    print the domain's hostname

    domid                          把一个域名或 UUID 转换为域 id

    domif-setlink                  set link state of a virtual interface

    domiftune                      get/set parameters of a virtual interface

    domjobabort                    abort active domain job

    domjobinfo                     domain job information

    domname                        将域 id 或 UUID 转换为域名

    dompmsuspend                   suspend a domain gracefully using power management functions

    dompmwakeup                    wakeup a domain from pmsuspended state

    domuuid                        把一个域名或 id 转换为域 UUID

    domxml-from-native             Convert native config to domain XML

    domxml-to-native               Convert domain XML to native config

    dump                           把一个域的内核 dump 到一个文件中以方便分析

    dumpxml                        XML 中的域信息

    edit                           编辑某个域的 XML 配置

    inject-nmi                     Inject NMI to the guest

    send-key                       Send keycodes to the guest

    managedsave                    managed save of a domain state

    managedsave-remove             Remove managed save of a domain

    maxvcpus                       connection vcpu maximum

    memtune                        Get or set memory parameters

    migrate                        将域迁移到另一个主机中

    migrate-setmaxdowntime         set maximum tolerable downtime

    migrate-setspeed               Set the maximum migration bandwidth

    migrate-getspeed               Get the maximum migration bandwidth

    numatune                       Get or set numa parameters

    reboot                         重新启动一个域

    reset                          reset a domain

    restore                        从一个存在一个文件中的状态恢复一个域

    resume                         重新恢复一个域

    save                           把一个域的状态保存到一个文件

    save-image-define              redefine the XML for a domain's saved state file

    save-image-dumpxml             saved state domain information in XML

    save-image-edit                edit XML for a domain's saved state file

    schedinfo                      显示/设置日程安排变量

    screenshot                     take a screenshot of a current domain console and store it into a file

    setmaxmem                      改变最大内存限制值

    setmem                         改变内存的分配

    setvcpus                       改变虚拟 CPU 的号

    shutdown                       关闭一个域

    start                          开始一个（以前定义的）非活跃的域

    suspend                        挂起一个域

    ttyconsole                     tty 控制台

    undefine                       undefine a domain

    update-device                  update device from an XML file

    vcpucount                      domain vcpu counts

    vcpuinfo                       detailed domain vcpu information

    vcpupin                        control or query domain vcpu affinity

    emulatorpin                    control or query domain emulator affinity

    vncdisplay                     vnc 显示

 

 Domain Monitoring (help keyword 'monitor'):

    domblkerror                    Show errors on block devices

    domblkinfo                     domain block device size information

    domblklist                     list all domain blocks

    domblkstat                     获得域设备块状态

    domcontrol                     domain control interface state

    domif-getlink                  get link state of a virtual interface

    domiflist                      list all domain virtual interfaces

    domifstat                      获得域网络接口状态

    dominfo                        域信息

    dommemstat                     get memory statistics for a domain

    domstate                       域状态

    list                           列出域

 

 Host and Hypervisor (help keyword 'host'):

    capabilities                   性能

    freecell                       NUMA可用内存

    hostname                       打印管理程序主机名

    node-memory-tune               Get or set node memory parameters

    nodecpustats                   Prints cpu stats of the node.

    nodeinfo                       节点信息

    nodememstats                   Prints memory stats of the node.

    nodesuspend                    suspend the host node for a given time duration

    qemu-attach                    QEMU Attach

    qemu-monitor-command           QEMU Monitor Command

    qemu-agent-command             QEMU Guest Agent Command

    sysinfo                        print the hypervisor sysinfo

    uri                            打印管理程序典型的URI

    version                        显示版本

 

 Interface (help keyword 'interface'):

    iface-begin                    create a snapshot of current interfaces settings, which can be later committed (iface-commit) or restored (iface-rollback)

    iface-bridge                   create a bridge device and attach an existing network device to it

    iface-commit                   commit changes made since iface-begin and free restore point

    iface-define                   define (but don't start) a physical host interface from an XML file

    iface-destroy                  destroy a physical host interface (disable it / "if-down")

    iface-dumpxml                  interface information in XML

    iface-edit                     edit XML configuration for a physical host interface

    iface-list                     list physical host interfaces

    iface-mac                      convert an interface name to interface MAC address

    iface-name                     convert an interface MAC address to interface name

    iface-rollback                 rollback to previous saved configuration created via iface-begin

    iface-start                    start a physical host interface (enable it / "if-up")

    iface-unbridge                 undefine a bridge device after detaching its slave device

    iface-undefine                 undefine a physical host interface (remove it from configuration)

 

 Network Filter (help keyword 'filter'):

    nwfilter-define                define or update a network filter from an XML file

    nwfilter-dumpxml               network filter information in XML

    nwfilter-edit                  edit XML configuration for a network filter

    nwfilter-list                  list network filters

    nwfilter-undefine              undefine a network filter

 

 Networking (help keyword 'network'):

    net-autostart                  自动开始网络

    net-create                     从一个 XML 文件创建一个网络

    net-define                     从一个 XML 文件定义(但不开始)一个网络

    net-destroy                    destroy (stop) a network

    net-dumpxml                    XML 中的网络信息

    net-edit                       为网络编辑 XML 配置

    net-info                       network information

    net-list                       列出网络

    net-name                       把一个网络UUID 转换为网络名

    net-start                      开始一个(以前定义的)不活跃的网络

    net-undefine                   取消定义一个非活跃的网络

    net-update                     update parts of an existing network's configuration

    net-uuid                       把一个网络名转换为网络UUID

 

 Node Device (help keyword 'nodedev'):

    nodedev-create                 create a device defined by an XML file on the node

    nodedev-destroy                destroy (stop) a device on the node

    nodedev-detach                 detach node device from its device driver

    nodedev-dumpxml                XML 中的节点设备详情

    nodedev-list                   这台主机中中的枚举设备

    nodedev-reattach               reattach node device to its device driver

    nodedev-reset                  重置节点设备

 

 Secret (help keyword 'secret'):

    secret-define                  define or modify a secret from an XML file

    secret-dumpxml                 secret attributes in XML

    secret-get-value               Output a secret value

    secret-list                    list secrets

    secret-set-value               set a secret value

    secret-undefine                undefine a secret

 

 Snapshot (help keyword 'snapshot'):

    snapshot-create                Create a snapshot from XML

    snapshot-create-as             Create a snapshot from a set of args

    snapshot-current               Get or set the current snapshot

    snapshot-delete                Delete a domain snapshot

    snapshot-dumpxml               Dump XML for a domain snapshot

    snapshot-edit                  edit XML for a snapshot

    snapshot-info                  snapshot information

    snapshot-list                  List snapshots for a domain

    snapshot-parent                Get the name of the parent of a snapshot

    snapshot-revert                Revert a domain to a snapshot

 

 Storage Pool (help keyword 'pool'):

    find-storage-pool-sources-as   找到潜在存储池源

    find-storage-pool-sources      发现潜在存储池源

    pool-autostart                 自动启动某个池

    pool-build                     建立池

    pool-create-as                 从一组变量中创建一个池

    pool-create                    从一个 XML 文件中创建一个池

    pool-define-as                 在一组变量中定义池

    pool-define                    在一个 XML 文件中定义（但不启动）一个池

    pool-delete                    删除池

    pool-destroy                   destroy (stop) a pool

    pool-dumpxml                   XML 中的池信息

    pool-edit                      为存储池编辑 XML 配置

    pool-info                      存储池信息

    pool-list                      列出池

    pool-name                      将池 UUID 转换为池名称

    pool-refresh                   刷新池

    pool-start                     启动一个（以前定义的）非活跃的池

    pool-undefine                  取消定义一个不活跃的池

    pool-uuid                      把一个池名称转换为池 UUID

 

 Storage Volume (help keyword 'volume'):

    vol-clone                      clone a volume.

    vol-create-as                  从一组变量中创建卷

    vol-create                     从一个 XML 文件创建一个卷

    vol-create-from                create a vol, using another volume as input

    vol-delete                     删除卷

    vol-download                   Download a volume to a file

    vol-dumpxml                    XML 中的卷信息

    vol-info                       存储卷信息

    vol-key                        returns the volume key for a given volume name or path

    vol-list                       列出卷

    vol-name                       returns the volume name for a given volume key or path

    vol-path                       returns the volume path for a given volume name or key

    vol-pool                       returns the storage pool for a given volume key or path

    vol-resize                     resize a vol

    vol-upload                     upload a file into a volume

    vol-wipe                       wipe a vol

 

 Virsh itself (help keyword 'virsh'):

    cd                             change the current directory

    connect                        连接（重新连接）到 hypervisor

    echo                           echo arguments

    exit                           退出这个非交互式终端

    help                           打印帮助

    pwd                            print the current directory

    quit                           退出这个非交互式终端

 

参考

# http://blog.csdn.net/bravezhe/article/details/8461386

#kvm搭建http://blog.csdn.net/bravezhe/article/details/8461700

#虚拟机修改名字http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_5d867af10101c3by.html