二次封装

前言

我们学会了显示等待后，就不需要sleep了，然后查找元素方法用参数化去定位，这样定位方法更灵活了。但是这样写起来代码会很长，于是问题来了，总不能每次定位一个元素都要写一堆代码吧？这个时候就要学会封装。

由于显示等待相对于sleep来说更省时间，定位元素更靠谱，不会出现一会运行正常，一会又报错的情况，所以我们的定位需与WebdriverWait结合使用。

将定位方法、以及send_keys()、click()方法等一起封装，代码参考如下：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
from selenium.common.exceptions import * # 导入所有的异常类
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait

def browser(browser='chrome'):
    '''
    打开浏览器函数"chrome"、"firefox"、"edge"、"phantomjs"
    '''
    try:
        if browser == "chrome":
            driver = webdriver.Chrome()
            return driver
        elif browser == "firefox":
            driver = webdriver.Firefox()
            return driver
        elif browser == "edge":
            driver = webdriver.Edge()
            return driver
        elif browser == "phantomjs":
            driver = webdriver.PhantomJS()
            return driver
        else:
            print("Not found this browser,You can enter 'chrome'、'firefox'、'edge'、'phantomjs'")
    except Exception as msg:
        print("%s" %msg)

class MyLocation():
    '''基于原生的selenium框架做了二次封装'''
    def __init__(self,driver):
        '''启动浏览器参数化，默认启动Chrome'''
        self.driver = driver

    def open(self,url,expected_title='',timeout=10):
        '''
        使用get打开url后，最大化窗口，判断title符合预期
        Usage:
        driver = MyLocation()
        driver.open(url,expected_title='')
        '''
        self.driver.get(url)
        self.driver.maximize_window()
        try:
            WebDriverWait(self.driver,timeout,1).until(EC.title_contains(expected_title))
        except TimeoutException:
            print("open %s title error" %url)
        except Exception as msg:
            print("Error:%s" %msg)

    def find_element(self,locator,timeout=10):
        '''
        定位元素，参数locator是元组类型
        Usage:
        locator = ("id","xxx")
        driver.find_element(locator)
        '''
        element = WebDriverWait(self.driver,timeout,1).until(EC.presence_of_element_located(locator))
        return element

    def find_elements(self,locator,timeout=10):
        '''
        定位一组元素，参数locator是元组类型
        Usage:
        locator = ("id","xxx")
        driver.find_elements(locator)
        '''
        elements = WebDriverWait(self.driver,timeout,1).until(EC.presence_of_all_elements_located_located(locator))
        return elements

    def click(self,locator):
        '''
        点击操作
        Usage:
        locator = ("id","xxx")
        driver.click(locator)
        '''
        element = self.find_element(locator)
        element.click()

    def send_keys(self,locator,text):
        '''
        发送文本，清空后输入
        Usage：
        locator = ("id","xxx")
        driver.send_keys(locator,text)
        '''
        element = self.find_element(locator)
        element.clear()
        element.send_keys(text)

    def is_text_in_element(self,locator,text,timeout=10):
        '''
        判断文本在元素里，没定位到元素返回False，定位到返回判断结果布尔值
        result = is_text_in_element(locator,text)
        '''
        try:
            result = WebDriverWait(self.driver,timeout,1).until(EC.text_to_be_present_in_element(locator,text))
        except TimeoutException:
            print("元素没定位到："+str(locator))
            return False
        else:
            return result

    def is_text_in_value(self,locator,value,timeout=10):
        '''
        判断元素的value值里，没定位到元素返回False，定位到返回判断结果布尔值
        result = is_text_in_element(locator,value)
        '''
        try:
            result = WebDriverWait(self.driver,timeout,1).until(EC.text_to_be_present_in_element_value(locator,value))
        except TimeoutException:
            print("元素没定位到："+str(locator))
            return False
        else:
            return result

    def is_title(self,title,timeout=10):
        '''判断title完全等于'''
        result = WebDriverWait(self.driver,timeout,1).until(EC.title_is(title))
        return result

    def is_title_contains(self,title,timeout=10):
        '''判断title包含'''
        result = WebDriverWait(self.driver,timeout,1).until(EC.title_contains(title))
        return result

    def is_selected(self,locator,timeout=10):
        '''判断元素被选中，返回布尔值'''
        result = WebDriverWait(self.driver,timeout,1).until(EC.element_located_to_be_selected(locator))
        return result

    def is_selected_be(self,locator,selected=True,timeout=10):
        '''判断元素的状态，selected是期望的参数True/False，返回布尔值'''
        result = WebDriverWait(self.driver,timeout,1).until(EC.element_located_selection_state_to_be(locator,selected))
        return result

    def is_alert_present(self,timeout=10):
        '''判断页面是否有alert，有返回alert（注意这里不是返回True），没有返回False'''
        result = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, 1).until(EC.alert_is_present())
        return result

    def is_visibility(self,locator,timeout=10):
        '''元素可见返回本身，不可见返回False'''
        result = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, 1).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(locator))
        return result

    def is_clickable(self,locator,timeout=10):
        '''元素可以点击is_clickable返回本身，不可点击返回False'''
        result = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, 1).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable(locator))
        return result

    def is_located(self,locator,timeout=10):
        '''判断元素有没有被定位到（并不意味着可见，定位到返回element，没定位到返回False）'''
        result = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, 1).until(EC.presence_of_element_located(locator))
        return result

    def move_to_element(self,locator):
        '''
        鼠标悬停操作
        Usage:
        locator = ("id","xxx")
        driver.move_to_element(locator)
        '''
        element = self.find_element(locator)
        ActionChains(self.driver).move_to_element(element).perform()

    def back(self):
        '''
        Back to old window
        Usage:
        driver.back()
        '''
        self.driver.back()

    def forward(self):
        '''
        Forward to old window
        Usage:
        driver.forward()
        '''
        self.driver.forward()

    def close(self):
        '''
        Close the windows
        Usage:
        driver.close()
        '''
        self.driver.close()

    def quit(self):
        '''
        Quit the driver and close the windows
        Usage:
        driver.quit()
        '''
        self.driver.quit()

    def get_title(self):
        '''获取title'''
        return self.driver.title

    def get_text(self,locator):
        '''获取文本'''
        element = self.find_element(locator)
        return element.text

    def get_attribute(self,locator,name):
        '''获取属性'''
        element = self.find_element(locator)
        return element.get_attribute(name)

    def js_execute(self,js):
        '''执行js'''
        return self.driver.execute_script(js)

    def js_focus_element(self,locator):
        '''聚焦元素'''
        target = self.find_element(locator)
        self.driver.execute_script("arguments[0].scrollIntoView();",target)

    def js_scroll_top(self):
        '''滚动到顶部'''
        js = "window.scrollTo(0,0)"
        self.driver.execute_script(js)

    def js_scroll_end(self):
        '''滚动到底部'''
        js = "window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight)"
        self.driver.execute_script(js)

    def select_by_index(self,locator,index):
        '''通过索引，index是索引的第几个，从0开始'''
        element = self.find_element(locator)
        Select(element).select_by_index(index)

    def select_by_value(self,locator,value):
        '''通过value属性'''
        element = self.find_element(locator)
        Select(element).select_by_value(value)

    def select_by_text(self,locator,text):
        '''通过文本值定位'''
        element = self.find_element(locator)
        Select(element).select_by_value(text)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # if下面的diam都是测试调试的代码，自测内容
    driver = browser()
    driver_n = MyLocation(driver) # 返回类的实例，打开浏览器
    driver_n.open("https://www.baidu.com") # 打开url，顺便判断打开的页面对不对
    input_loc = ("id","kw")
    print(driver_n.get_title())