【转】利用 Visual C# .NET 使 Word 自动新建文档
本文分步介绍如何利用 Visual C# .NET 的自动化功能在 Word 中创建新文档。
代码示例
- 插入包含文本和格式的段落。
- 浏览和修改文档中的不同范围。
- 插入表格、设置表格格式并在表格中填充数据。
- 添加图表。
要利用 Visual C# .NET 的自动化功能创建新的 Word 文档,请执行以下步骤:
- 启动 Microsoft Visual Studio .NET。在文件菜单上,单击新建,然后单击项目。在项目类型下,单击 Visual C# 项目,然后单击模板下的 Windows 应用程序。默认情况下会创建 Form1。
- 添加对 Microsoft Word 对象库的引用。为此,请按照下列步骤操作:
- 在项目菜单上,单击添加引用。
- 在 COM 选项卡上,找到 Microsoft Word 对象库,然后单击选择。
- 在添加引用对话框中单击确定,接受您的选择。如果系统提示您为选定的库生成包装,请单击是。
- 在视图菜单上,选择工具箱以显示工具箱,然后向 Form1 添加一个按钮。
- 双击 Button1。出现该窗体的代码窗口。
- 在代码窗口中,将以下代码
替换为:
private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { }
代码private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
object oMissing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
object oEndOfDoc = "\\endofdoc";
//Start Word and create a new document.
Word._Application oWord;
Word._Document oDoc;
oWord = new Word.Application();
oWord.Visible = true;
oDoc = oWord.Documents.Add(ref oMissing, ref oMissing, ref oMissing, ref oMissing);
//Insert a paragraph at the beginning of the document.
Word.Paragraph oPara1;
oPara1 = oDoc.Content.Paragraphs.Add(ref oMissing);
oPara1.Range.Text = "Heading 1";
oPara1.Range.Font.Bold = 1;
oPara1.Format.SpaceAfter = 24;
//24 pt spacing after paragraph.
oPara1.Range.InsertParagraphAfter();
//Insert a paragraph at the end of the document.
Word.Paragraph oPara2;
object oRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
oPara2 = oDoc.Content.Paragraphs.Add(ref oRng);
oPara2.Range.Text = "Heading 2";
oPara2.Format.SpaceAfter = 6;
oPara2.Range.InsertParagraphAfter();
//Insert another paragraph.
Word.Paragraph oPara3;
oRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
oPara3 = oDoc.Content.Paragraphs.Add(ref oRng);
oPara3.Range.Text = "This is a sentence of normal text. Now here is a table:";
oPara3.Range.Font.Bold = 0;
oPara3.Format.SpaceAfter = 24;
oPara3.Range.InsertParagraphAfter();
//Insert a 3 x 5 table, fill it with data, and make the first row
//bold and italic.
Word.Table oTable;
Word.Range wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
oTable = oDoc.Tables.Add(wrdRng, 3, 5, ref oMissing, ref oMissing);
oTable.Range.ParagraphFormat.SpaceAfter = 6;
int r, c;
string strText;
for(r = 1;r <= 3;r++)
for(c = 1; c <= 5;c++)
{
strText = "r" + r + "c" + c;
oTable.Cell(r, c).Range.Text = strText;
} oTable.Rows[1].Range.Font.Bold = 1;
oTable.Rows[1].Range.Font.Italic = 1;
//Add some text after the table.
Word.Paragraph oPara4;
oRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
oPara4 = oDoc.Content.Paragraphs.Add(ref oRng);
oPara4.Range.InsertParagraphBefore();
oPara4.Range.Text = "And here's another table:";
oPara4.Format.SpaceAfter = 24;
oPara4.Range.InsertParagraphAfter();
//Insert a 5 x 2 table, fill it with data, and change the column widths.
wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
oTable = oDoc.Tables.Add(wrdRng, 5, 2, ref oMissing, ref oMissing);
oTable.Range.ParagraphFormat.SpaceAfter = 6;
for(r = 1;r <= 5;r++)
for(c = 1; c <= 2; c++)
{
strText = "r" + r + "c" + c;
oTable.Cell(r, c).Range.Text = strText;
} oTable.Columns[1].Width = oWord.InchesToPoints(2);
//Change width of columns 1 & 2
oTable.Columns[2].Width = oWord.InchesToPoints(3);
//Keep inserting text. When you get to 7 inches from top of the
//document, insert a hard page break.
object oPos;
double dPos = oWord.InchesToPoints(7);
oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range.InsertParagraphAfter();
do {
wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
wrdRng.ParagraphFormat.SpaceAfter = 6;
wrdRng.InsertAfter("A line of text");
wrdRng.InsertParagraphAfter();
oPos = wrdRng.get_Information (Word.WdInformation.wdVerticalPositionRelativeToPage);
} while(dPos >= Convert.ToDouble(oPos));
object oCollapseEnd = Word.WdCollapseDirection.wdCollapseEnd;
object oPageBreak = Word.WdBreakType.wdPageBreak;
wrdRng.Collapse(ref oCollapseEnd);
wrdRng.InsertBreak(ref oPageBreak);
wrdRng.Collapse(ref oCollapseEnd);
wrdRng.InsertAfter("We're now on page 2. Here's my chart:");
wrdRng.InsertParagraphAfter();
//Insert a chart.
Word.InlineShape oShape;
object oClassType = "MSGraph.Chart.8";
wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
oShape = wrdRng.InlineShapes.AddOLEObject(ref oClassType, ref oMissing, ref oMissing, ref oMissing, ref oMissing, ref oMissing, ref oMissing, ref oMissing);
//Demonstrate use of late bound oChart and oChartApp objects to
//manipulate the chart object with MSGraph.
object oChart;
object oChartApp;
oChart = oShape.OLEFormat.Object;
oChartApp = oChart.GetType().InvokeMember("Application", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, oChart, null);
//Change the chart type to Line.
object[] Parameters = new Object[1];
Parameters[0] = 4;
//xlLine = 4
oChart.GetType().InvokeMember("ChartType", BindingFlags.SetProperty, null, oChart, Parameters);
//Update the chart image and quit MSGraph.
oChartApp.GetType().InvokeMember("Update", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, oChartApp, null);
oChartApp.GetType().InvokeMember("Quit", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, oChartApp, null);
//... If desired, you can proceed from here using the Microsoft Graph
//Object model on the oChart and oChartApp objects to make additional
//changes to the chart.
//Set the width of the chart.
oShape.Width = oWord.InchesToPoints(6.25f);
oShape.Height = oWord.InchesToPoints(3.57f);
//Add text after the chart.
wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
wrdRng.InsertParagraphAfter();
wrdRng.InsertAfter("THE END.");
//Close this form.
this.Close();
} - 滚动到代码窗口的顶部。将下面的代码行添加到 using 指令列表的末尾:
using Word = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word; using System.Reflection; - 按 F5 键生成并运行程序。
- 单击 Button1,启动 Word 自动化功能并创建文档。
代码执行完成后,检查为您创建的文档。该文档包含两页设置了格式的段落、表格和图表。
使用模板
- 您可以对整个文档中的对象的格式设置和布局施加更多控制。
- 可以使用较少的代码创建文档。
通过使用模板,可以精确地调整表格、段落和其他对象在文档中的布局,并可为这些对象添加格式设置。通过使用自动化功能,可以基于包含下面这样的代码的模板创建新文档:
object oTemplate = "c:\\MyTemplate.dot"; oDoc = oWord.Documents.Add(ref oTemplate, ref oMissing, ref oMissing, ref oMissing); 在模板中,可以定义书签,这样,自动化客户端就可以在文档的特定位置加入可变文本,如下所示:
object oBookMark = "MyBookmark"; oDoc.Bookmarks.Item(ref oBookMark).Range.Text = "Some Text Here"; 使用模板的另一个优点在于,您可以创建和存储希望在运行时应用的格式样式,如下所示:
object oStyleName = "MyStyle"; oDoc.Bookmarks.Item(ref oBookMark).Range.set_Style(ref oStyleName); - 或者 -
object oStyleName = "MyStyle"; oWord.Selection.set_Style(ref oStyleName);
posted on 2010-07-21 15:02 LeeXiaoLiang 阅读(168) 评论(0) 收藏 举报

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