Flannel UDP 模式

Flannel UDP 模式

一、环境信息

主机 IP
ubuntu 172.16.94.141
软件 版本
docker 26.1.4
helm v3.15.0-rc.2
kind 0.18.0
clab 0.54.2
kubernetes 1.23.4
ubuntu os Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS
kernel 5.11.5 内核升级文档

二、安装服务

kind 配置文件信息

$ cat install.sh

#!/bin/bash
date
set -v

# 1.prep noCNI env
cat <<EOF | kind create cluster --name=flannel-udp --image=kindest/node:v1.23.4 --config=-
kind: Cluster
apiVersion: kind.x-k8s.io/v1alpha4
networking:
  # kind 默认使用 rancher cni,cni 我们需要自己创建
  disableDefaultCNI: true
  # 定义节点使用的 pod 网段
  podSubnet: "10.244.0.0/16"
nodes:
  - role: control-plane
  - role: worker
  - role: worker

containerdConfigPatches:
- |-
  [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."harbor.evescn.com"]
    endpoint = ["https://harbor.evescn.com"]
EOF

# 2.install cni
kubectl apply -f ./flannel.yaml

# 3.install necessary tools
# cd /opt/
# curl -o calicoctl -O -L "https://gh.api.99988866.xyz/https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.9.0/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.9.0.tgz" 
# tar -zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.9.0.tgz

for i in $(docker ps -a --format "table {{.Names}}" | grep flannel) 
do
    echo $i
    docker cp /opt/bridge $i:/opt/cni/bin/
    docker cp /usr/bin/ping $i:/usr/bin/ping
    docker exec -it $i bash -c "sed -i -e 's/jp.archive.ubuntu.com\|archive.ubuntu.com\|security.ubuntu.com/old-releases.ubuntu.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list"
    docker exec -it $i bash -c "apt-get -y update >/dev/null && apt-get -y install net-tools tcpdump lrzsz bridge-utils >/dev/null 2>&1"
done
  • flannel.yaml
配置文件
# flannel.yaml
---
kind: Namespace
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel
  labels:
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce: privileged
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - pods
  verbs:
  - get
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  verbs:
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes/status
  verbs:
  - patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-cfg
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
data:
  cni-conf.json: |
    {
      "name": "cbr0",
      "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
      "plugins": [
        {
          "type": "flannel",
          "delegate": {
            "hairpinMode": true,
            "isDefaultGateway": true
          }
        },
        {
          "type": "portmap",
          "capabilities": {
            "portMappings": true
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  net-conf.json: |
    {
      "Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
      "Backend": {
        "Type": "udp"
      }
    }
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: flannel
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      affinity:
        nodeAffinity:
          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
            nodeSelectorTerms:
            - matchExpressions:
              - key: kubernetes.io/os
                operator: In
                values:
                - linux
      hostNetwork: true
      priorityClassName: system-node-critical
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni-plugin
        image: harbor.dayuan1997.com/devops/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.0
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /flannel
        - /opt/cni/bin/flannel
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni-plugin
          mountPath: /opt/cni/bin
      - name: install-cni
        image: harbor.dayuan1997.com/devops/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.19.2
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
        image: harbor.dayuan1997.com/devops/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.19.2
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
          limits:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: false
          capabilities:
            add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        - name: EVENT_QUEUE_DEPTH
          value: "5000"
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run/flannel
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
        - name: xtables-lock
          mountPath: /run/xtables.lock
        - name: tun
          mountPath: /dev/net/tun
      volumes:
      - name: tun
        hostPath:
          path: /dev/net/tun
      - name: run
        hostPath:
          path: /run/flannel
      - name: cni-plugin
        hostPath:
          path: /opt/cni/bin
      - name: cni
        hostPath:
          path: /etc/cni/net.d
      - name: flannel-cfg
        configMap:
          name: kube-flannel-cfg
      - name: xtables-lock
        hostPath:
          path: /run/xtables.lock
          type: FileOrCreate

flannel.yaml 参数解释

  1. Backend.Type
    • 含义: 用于指定 flannel 工作模式。
    • udp: flannel 工作在 upd 模式。
  • 安装 k8s 集群和 flannel 服务
# ./install.sh

Creating cluster "flannel-udp" ...
 ✓ Ensuring node image (kindest/node:v1.23.4) 🖼
 ✓ Preparing nodes 📦 📦 📦  
 ✓ Writing configuration 📜 
 ✓ Starting control-plane 🕹️ 
 ✓ Installing StorageClass 💾 
 ✓ Joining worker nodes 🚜 
Set kubectl context to "kind-flannel-udp"
You can now use your cluster with:

kubectl cluster-info --context kind-flannel-udp

Have a nice day! 👋
  • 查看安装的服务
root@kind:~# kubectl get pods -A
NAMESPACE            NAME                                                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS      AGE
kube-system          coredns-64897985d-h7kmt                             1/1     Running   0             15m
kube-system          coredns-64897985d-xccr7                             1/1     Running   0             15m
kube-system          etcd-flannel-udp-control-plane                      1/1     Running   0             15m
kube-system          kube-apiserver-flannel-udp-control-plane            1/1     Running   0             16m
kube-system          kube-controller-manager-flannel-udp-control-plane   1/1     Running   0             15m
kube-system          kube-flannel-ds-55rqz                               1/1     Running   0             15m
kube-system          kube-flannel-ds-92x7v                               1/1     Running   0             15m
kube-system          kube-flannel-ds-gkczb                               1/1     Running   0             15m
kube-system          kube-proxy-52nfm                                    1/1     Running   0             15m
kube-system          kube-proxy-pff8g                                    1/1     Running   0             15m
kube-system          kube-proxy-s55jd                                    1/1     Running   0             15m
kube-system          kube-scheduler-flannel-udp-control-plane            1/1     Running   0             16m
local-path-storage   local-path-provisioner-5ddd94ff66-s4q8r             1/1     Running   0             15m

k8s 集群安装 Pod 测试网络

root@kind:~# cat cni.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
#kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    app: cni
  name: cni
spec:
  #replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: cni
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: cni
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: harbor.dayuan1997.com/devops/nettool:0.9
        name: nettoolbox
        securityContext:
          privileged: true

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: serversvc
spec:
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    app: cni
  ports:
  - name: cni
    port: 80
    targetPort: 80
    nodePort: 32000
root@kind:~# kubectl apply -f cni.yaml
daemonset.apps/cni created
service/serversvc created

root@kind:~# kubectl run net --image=harbor.dayuan1997.com/devops/nettool:0.9
pod/net created
  • 查看安装服务信息
root@kind:~# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME        READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP           NODE                  NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
cni-hs7kn   1/1     Running   0          16s   10.244.2.2   flannel-udp-worker2   <none>           <none>
cni-qqj89   1/1     Running   0          16s   10.244.1.2   flannel-udp-worker    <none>           <none>
net         1/1     Running   0          5s    10.244.2.3   flannel-udp-worker2   <none>           <none>

root@kind:~# kubectl get svc 
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1      <none>        443/TCP        23m
serversvc    NodePort    10.96.45.119   <none>        80:32000/TCP   81s

三、测试网络

同节点 Pod 网络通讯

img

  • Pod 节点信息
## ip 信息
root@kind:~# kubectl exec -it net -- ip a l
3: eth0@if5: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1472 qdisc noqueue state UP group default 
    link/ether 9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
    inet 10.244.2.3/24 brd 10.244.2.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::98ad:9fff:fe04:e2ca/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

## 路由信息
root@kind:~# kubectl exec -it net -- ip r s
default via 10.244.2.1 dev eth0 
10.244.0.0/16 via 10.244.2.1 dev eth0 
10.244.2.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 10.244.2.3 

查看 Pod 信息发现在主机的 IP 地址为 24 位掩码,在 fannel 中同一 Node 节点 Pod 均在同一个 2 层网络中,不同 Node 节点 Pod 在不同的 2 层网络中

  • Pod 节点所在 Node 节点信息
root@kind:~# docker exec -it flannel-udp-worker2 bash

## ip 信息
root@flannel-udp-worker2:/# ip a l 
2: flannel0: <POINTOPOINT,MULTICAST,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1472 qdisc fq_codel state UNKNOWN group default qlen 500
    link/none 
    inet 10.244.2.0/32 scope global flannel0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::f507:941d:f3b3:9a9a/64 scope link stable-privacy 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: cni0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1472 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 3e:da:8b:79:9e:87 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.244.2.1/24 brd 10.244.2.255 scope global cni0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::3cda:8bff:fe79:9e87/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: veth605ed192@if3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1472 qdisc noqueue master cni0 state UP group default 
    link/ether 7a:d7:2a:be:19:e7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netns cni-aef3599a-c10a-dbd7-3d34-e5527762dd36
    inet6 fe80::78d7:2aff:febe:19e7/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: veth22fb4d65@if3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1472 qdisc noqueue master cni0 state UP group default 
    link/ether be:65:c8:d4:8a:fa brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netns cni-26c7a19b-7af5-fdfc-a5af-4457f208276f
    inet6 fe80::bc65:c8ff:fed4:8afa/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
7: eth0@if8: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default 
    link/ether 02:42:ac:12:00:03 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
    inet 172.18.0.3/16 brd 172.18.255.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fc00:f853:ccd:e793::3/64 scope global nodad 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::42:acff:fe12:3/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

## 路由信息
root@flannel-udp-worker2:/# ip r s
default via 172.18.0.1 dev eth0 
10.244.0.0/16 dev flannel0 
10.244.2.0/24 dev cni0 proto kernel scope link src 10.244.2.1 
172.18.0.0/16 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 172.18.0.3 
  • Pod 节点进行 ping 包测试,访问 cni-hs7kn Pod 节点
root@kind:~# kubectl exec -it net -- ping 10.244.2.2 -c 1
PING 10.244.2.2 (10.244.2.2): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 10.244.2.2: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.814 ms

--- 10.244.2.2 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.814/0.814/0.814 ms
  • Pod 节点 eth0 网卡抓包
net~$ tcpdump -pne -i eth0
09:17:34.426532 9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca > a2:bc:67:6e:85:77, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 98: 10.244.2.3 > 10.244.2.2: ICMP echo request, id 52, seq 0, length 64
09:17:34.426615 a2:bc:67:6e:85:77 > 9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 98: 10.244.2.2 > 10.244.2.3: ICMP echo reply, id 52, seq 0, length 64

通过抓包发现,数据包源 mac 地址: 9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca 为 eth0 网卡 mac 地址,而目的 mac 地址: a2:bc:67:6e:85:77 ,通过对比 flannel-udp-worker2 节点 ip 信息中,没有 a2:bc:67:6e:85:77 mac 地址,而这个 mac 地址是目标 Pod eth0 网卡 mac 地址
这是因为在 fannel 中同 Node 节点 Pod 均在同一个 2 层网络中,通过广播 Pod 节点能获取到 cni-hs7kn Pod 节点 eth0 mac 地址,查看 Pod 节点 arp 信息验证

net~$ arp -n
Address                  HWtype  HWaddress           Flags Mask            Iface
10.244.2.2               ether   a2:bc:67:6e:85:77   C                     eth0

通过 veth pair 可以确定 Pod 节点 eth0 网卡对应的 veth pair 为 5: veth22fb4d65@if3 网卡

  • flannel-udp-worker2 节点 veth22fb4d65 网卡抓包
root@flannel-udp-worker2:/# tcpdump -pne -i veth22fb4d65
09:20:39.747858 9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca > a2:bc:67:6e:85:77, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 98: 10.244.2.3 > 10.244.2.2: ICMP echo request, id 66, seq 0, length 64
09:20:39.747938 a2:bc:67:6e:85:77 > 9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 98: 10.244.2.2 > 10.244.2.3: ICMP echo reply, id 66, seq 0, length 64
  • 查看 flannel-udp-worker2 主机路由信息,发现并在数据包会在通过 10.244.2.0/24 dev cni0 proto kernel scope link src 10.244.2.1 路由信息转发,但是因为在同一个 2 层网络,所以不回经过 cni0 网卡,也无法抓包到 icmp 信息
root@flannel-udp-worker2:/# tcpdump -pne -i cni0
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v[v]... for full protocol decode
listening on cni0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), snapshot length 262144 bytes
^C
0 packets captured
0 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
  • cni0 网卡类似一个 l2 层交换机提供服务,查看 cni0 网卡的 mac 地址信息
root@flannel-udp-worker2:/# brctl showmacs cni0
port no mac addr                is local?       ageing timer
  1     7a:d7:2a:be:19:e7       yes                0.00
  1     7a:d7:2a:be:19:e7       yes                0.00
  2     9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca       no                50.98
  1     a2:bc:67:6e:85:77       no                50.98
  2     be:65:c8:d4:8a:fa       yes                0.00
  2     be:65:c8:d4:8a:fa       yes                0.00
  • flannel-udp-worker2 节点 veth605ed192 网卡抓包
root@flannel-udp-worker2:/# tcpdump -pne -i cali6c08e41b212
09:24:06.390987 9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca > a2:bc:67:6e:85:77, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 98: 10.244.2.3 > 10.244.2.2: ICMP echo request, id 81, seq 36, length 64
09:24:06.391001 a2:bc:67:6e:85:77 > 9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 98: 10.244.2.2 > 10.244.2.3: ICMP echo reply, id 81, seq 36, length 64
  • 10.244.2.2 Pod 节点 eth0 网卡抓包
cni-4hvth~$tcpdump -pne -i eth0
09:58:13.026980 9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca > a2:bc:67:6e:85:77, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 98: 10.244.2.3 > 10.244.2.2: ICMP echo request, id 88, seq 0, length 64
09:58:13.027012 a2:bc:67:6e:85:77 > 9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 98: 10.244.2.2 > 10.244.2.3: ICMP echo reply, id 88, seq 0, length 64

总结:同节点 Pod 通讯,数据包通过 veth pair 送往 Node 节点后,cni0 网卡作为 l2 层交换机发现目的 mac 为 l2 层网络插口 mac 地址信息,然后转发数据包送往目的 Pod 节点的 veth pair 网卡,最后通过 veth pair 网卡送往目的主机,整体流程中,源 mac 目标 mac 源 ip 目标 ip 均为发送变化

不同节点 Pod 网络通讯

拓扑

  • Pod 节点信息,查看前面: 同节点 Pod 网络通讯

  • Pod 节点所在 Node 节点信息,查看前面: 同节点 Pod 网络通讯

  • Pod 节点进行 ping 包测试,访问 cni-qqj89 Pod 节点

root@kind:~# kubectl exec -it net -- ping 10.244.1.2 -c 1
PING 10.244.1.2 (10.244.1.2): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 10.244.1.2: seq=0 ttl=60 time=9.777 ms

--- 10.244.1.2 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 9.777/9.777/9.777 ms
  • Node 节点 flannel-udp-worker2 veth22fb4d65 网卡抓包
root@flannel-udp-worker2:/# tcpdump -pne -i veth22fb4d65
10:39:51.048048 9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca > 3e:da:8b:79:9e:87, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 98: 10.244.2.3 > 10.244.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 94, seq 0, length 64
10:39:51.052527 3e:da:8b:79:9e:87 > 9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 98: 10.244.1.2 > 10.244.2.3: ICMP echo reply, id 94, seq 0, length 64

数据包源 mac 地址: 9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca 为 eth0 网卡 mac 地址,而目的 mac 地址: 3e:da:8b:79:9e:87 ,通过对比 flannel-udp-worker2 节点 ip 信息中,发现是 cni0 网卡接口 mac,而 cni0 ip: 10.244.2.1 则是源 Pod 路由的下一跳 ip 10.244.0.0/16 via 10.244.2.1 dev eth0,flannel 为 2 层网络模式通过路由送往数据到网关地址

  • flannel-vxlan-worker 节点 cni0 网关网卡抓包
root@flannel-udp-worker2:/# tcpdump -pne -i cni0
10:39:51.048048 9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca > 3e:da:8b:79:9e:87, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 98: 10.244.2.3 > 10.244.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 94, seq 0, length 64
10:39:51.052527 3e:da:8b:79:9e:87 > 9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 98: 10.244.1.2 > 10.244.2.3: ICMP echo reply, id 94, seq 0, length 64

数据包源 mac 地址: 9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca 为 net Pod 节点 eth0 网卡 mac 地址,而目的 mac 地址: 3e:da:8b:79:9e:87 为 cni0 网卡 mac 地址

查看 flannel-vxlan-worker 主机路由信息,发现并在数据包会在通过 10.244.0.0/16 dev flannel0 路由信息转发

  • Node 节点 flannel-udp-worker2 flannel0 网卡抓包
root@flannel-udp-worker2:/# tcpdump -pne -i flannel0
10:45:07.049216 ip: 10.244.2.3 > 10.244.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 116, seq 0, length 64
10:45:07.049693 ip: 10.244.1.2 > 10.244.2.3: ICMP echo reply, id 116, seq 0, length 64

icmp 包中,没有 mac 信息,只有源 ip 目的 ip 信息,查看 flannel0 网卡详细信息

root@flannel-udp-worker2:/# ip -d link show
2: flannel0: <POINTOPOINT,MULTICAST,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1472 qdisc fq_codel state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 500
    link/none  promiscuity 0 minmtu 68 maxmtu 65535 
    tun type tun pi off vnet_hdr off persist off addrgenmode random numtxqueues 1 numrxqueues 1 gso_max_size 65536 gso_max_segs 65535 

flannel0 是一个 TUN 模式设备

  • Node 节点 flannel-udp-worker2 eth0 网卡抓包

img

数据包中过滤 udp 数据包,发现 2 条数据信息,但是该数据加密,使用 decode 解密后,得到下面的数据信息

img

root@flannel-udp-worker2:/# ip a l
7: eth0@if8: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default 
    link/ether 02:42:ac:12:00:03 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
    inet 172.18.0.3/16 brd 172.18.255.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fc00:f853:ccd:e793::3/64 scope global nodad 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::42:acff:fe12:3/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

root@flannel-udp-worker2:/# ip n s
172.18.0.4 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:12:00:04 REACHABLE
172.18.0.1 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:24:45:33:28 STALE
172.18.0.2 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:12:00:02 STALE
10.244.2.3 dev cni0 lladdr 9a:ad:9f:04:e2:ca STALE
fe80::1 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:24:45:33:28 router STALE
fc00:f853:ccd:e793::4 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:12:00:04 REACHABLE
fc00:f853:ccd:e793::1 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:24:45:33:28 router STALE

icmp 包使用 udp 封装,外层数据包源 mac 地址:02:42:ac:12:00:03 目标 mac 地址:02:42:ac:12:00:04 ,分别为 flannel-udp-worker2 主机的 eth0 网卡的 mac 地址,和 flannel-udp-worker 主机 172.18.0.4 ip 的 mac 地址。内层数据包信息只有 ip 层往上数据层信息,没有 mac 层信息,数据包信息同 flannel0 网卡抓包信息

  • 总结:查看上面抓包图片,可以分析在 udp 模式中,数据包的转发流程中:
    • 数据包在送到 flannel0 接口之前,mac 地址,每经过一个节点,源 mac 和 目标 mac 均会发生改变。送到 flannel0 接口之后,会去掉 mac 地址信息
    • 数据包在送到 flannel0 接口之前,源 ip 和 目标 ip 不会发生改变。送到 flannel0 接口之后,内层源 ip 和 目标 ip 不会发生改变,会在原数据包网络层上进行 udp 封包
    • udp 数据包内部的数据包,没有 mac 地址,并且 flannel0 网卡本身也没有 mac 地址信息。

数据包流向

拓扑

  • 数据从 pod 服务发出,通过查看本机路由表,送往 cni0 网关。路由: default via 169.254.1.1 dev eth0
  • cni0 网关在 flannel-udp-worker2 主机上,到达 cni0 网卡后,flannel-udp-worker2 主机查看自身路由后,会送往 flannel0 接口,因为目的地址为 10.244.1.2。路由: 10.244.0.0/16 dev flannel0
  • flannel0 接口为 TUN/TAP 接口,使用 udp 重新封装数据包,查询 etcd 中各节点注册的路由信息,发现目的地址 10.244.1.0/24 网段所在 Node 节点信息
  • 获取到目的 Node 节点信息信息,封装 udp 数据包,数据封装完成后,会送往 eth0 接口,并送往对端 flannel-udp-worker 主机。
  • 对端 flannel-udp-worker 主机接受到数据包后,发现这个是一个 udp 封装数据包,进行数据解密并送往 flannel0 接口
  • 解封装后发现内部的数据包,目的地址为 10.244.1.2 ,通过查看本机路由表,送往 cni0 网卡。路由: 10.244.1.0/24 dev cni0 proto kernel scope link src 10.244.1.1
  • 通过 cni0 网卡 brctl showmacs cni0 mac 信息 ,最终会把数据包送到 cni-qqj89 主机

Service 网络通讯

  • 查看 Service 信息
root@kind:~# kubectl get svc 
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1      <none>        443/TCP        18m
serversvc    NodePort    10.96.211.66   <none>        80:32000/TCP   45s
  • net 服务上请求 Pod 所在 Node 节点 32000 端口
root@kind:~# kubectl exec -it net -- curl 172.18.0.3:32000
PodName: cni-qqj89 | PodIP: eth0 10.244.1.2/24

并在 net 服务 eth0 网卡 抓包查看

net~$ tcpdump -pne -i eth0
06:44:53.550795 ce:a0:79:38:8c:0d > 26:75:ac:05:67:04, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 74: 10.244.2.3.38346 > 172.18.0.3.32000: Flags [S], seq 3848762339, win 64440, options [mss 1432,sackOK,TS val 1563697881 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0
06:44:53.550841 da:9e:b4:68:93:28 > ce:a0:79:38:8c:0d, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 74: 172.18.0.3.32000 > 10.244.2.3.38346: Flags [S.], seq 922360601, ack 3848762340, win 65320, options [mss 1432,sackOK,TS val 3410413732 ecr 1563697881,nop,wscale 7], length 0
06:44:53.550850 ce:a0:79:38:8c:0d > 26:75:ac:05:67:04, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 66: 10.244.2.3.38346 > 172.18.0.3.32000: Flags [.], ack 1, win 504, options [nop,nop,TS val 1563697881 ecr 3410413732], length 0
06:44:53.550898 ce:a0:79:38:8c:0d > 26:75:ac:05:67:04, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 146: 10.244.2.3.38346 > 172.18.0.3.32000: Flags [P.], seq 1:81, ack 1, win 504, options [nop,nop,TS val 1563697881 ecr 3410413732], length 80
06:44:53.550910 da:9e:b4:68:93:28 > ce:a0:79:38:8c:0d, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 66: 172.18.0.3.32000 > 10.244.2.3.38346: Flags [.], ack 81, win 510, options [nop,nop,TS val 3410413732 ecr 1563697881], length 0
06:44:53.551127 da:9e:b4:68:93:28 > ce:a0:79:38:8c:0d, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 302: 172.18.0.3.32000 > 10.244.2.3.38346: Flags [P.], seq 1:237, ack 81, win 510, options [nop,nop,TS val 3410413732 ecr 1563697881], length 236
06:44:53.551133 ce:a0:79:38:8c:0d > 26:75:ac:05:67:04, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 66: 10.244.2.3.38346 > 172.18.0.3.32000: Flags [.], ack 237, win 503, options [nop,nop,TS val 1563697881 ecr 3410413732], length 0
06:44:53.551179 da:9e:b4:68:93:28 > ce:a0:79:38:8c:0d, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 113: 172.18.0.3.32000 > 10.244.2.3.38346: Flags [P.], seq 237:284, ack 81, win 510, options [nop,nop,TS val 3410413733 ecr 1563697881], length 47
06:44:53.551182 ce:a0:79:38:8c:0d > 26:75:ac:05:67:04, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 66: 10.244.2.3.38346 > 172.18.0.3.32000: Flags [.], ack 284, win 503, options [nop,nop,TS val 1563697882 ecr 3410413733], length 0
06:44:53.551668 ce:a0:79:38:8c:0d > 26:75:ac:05:67:04, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 66: 10.244.2.3.38346 > 172.18.0.3.32000: Flags [F.], seq 81, ack 284, win 503, options [nop,nop,TS val 1563697882 ecr 3410413733], length 0
06:44:53.551742 da:9e:b4:68:93:28 > ce:a0:79:38:8c:0d, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 66: 172.18.0.3.32000 > 10.244.2.3.38346: Flags [F.], seq 284, ack 82, win 510, options [nop,nop,TS val 3410413733 ecr 1563697882], length 0
06:44:53.551748 ce:a0:79:38:8c:0d > 26:75:ac:05:67:04, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 66: 10.244.2.3.38346 > 172.18.0.3.32000: Flags [.], ack 285, win 503, options [nop,nop,TS val 1563697882 ecr 3410413733], length 0

抓包数据显示 net 服务使用 56972 端口和 172.18.0.3 32000 端口进行 tcp 通讯。

  • conntrack 信息
root@flannel-udp-worker2:/# conntrack -L | grep 32000
conntrack v1.4.6 (conntrack-tools): 11 flow entries have been shown.
tcp      6 118 TIME_WAIT src=10.244.2.3 dst=172.18.0.3 sport=38346 dport=32000 src=10.244.1.2 dst=10.244.2.0 sport=80 dport=54991 [ASSURED] mark=0 use=1
  • iptables 信息
root@flannel-udp-worker2:/# iptables-save | grep 32000
-A KUBE-NODEPORTS -p tcp -m comment --comment "default/serversvc:cni" -m tcp --dport 32000 -j KUBE-SVC-CU7F3MNN62CF4ANP
-A KUBE-SVC-CU7F3MNN62CF4ANP -p tcp -m comment --comment "default/serversvc:cni" -m tcp --dport 32000 -j KUBE-MARK-MASQ
posted @ 2024-08-11 15:59  evescn  阅读(237)  评论(0)    收藏  举报