Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch?

一、课文

     It was Sundan.I never get up early on Sundays.I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late.I looked out of window. It was dark outside.'What a day!'I thought.'It's raining again.' Just then,the telephone rang. It was my aunt lucy.'I've just arrived train.'she said.'I'm coming to see you.'
     'But I'm still having breakfast,' I said.
     'What are you doing?' she asked.
     'I'm having breakfast,' I repeated.
     'Dear me,' She said.'Do you always get up so late?  'It's one o'clock!'

二、生词和短语(New word and expressions)

until prep.  直到               outside    adv.  外面          ring v. (铃、电话等)响         aunt   n.姑、婶、姨，舅母      

 

三、课文注释(Notes on the text)

1.on Sundays,   指每个星期日。星期几的前面用介词on

2 what a day ！多么糟糕的天气！这个是一个省略感叹句。完整的句子应该是What a day it is!英语的感叹句常用what 开头，后面跟一个名词或名字性短语（包括连系动词）然后是主语和谓语，句尾用感叹号。

3.I'm coming to see you,在这句话中现在进行时用来表示近期安排计划或安排要进行的动作。

4.Dear me! 天哪!    也是一个感叹句.

四、课文详解(Further notes on the text)

1.It was Sunday.  那是一个星期天

在句子中，我们常常用it指时间、天气、温度或距离。这种it有时被称为"虚主语"(empty subject),因为它没有实际意义。它之所以存在，是因为英语句子必须包含主语和谓语。如下：

It is 8 o'clock.

It's raining again.  #又下雨了，表天气

It is cold.

It was dark outside

作为第3人称单数的中性词，it可以指一件东西、一个事务或者用来指是什么人：

It was my aunt Lucy.

It is a lovely baby

2.on Sundays  ,在星期天的时候

1)复数形式指每个星期日，或大部分星期日，与一般现在时连用，表示经常性的行为:

We do not go to school on Sundays.  星期天我们不上学

2)介词on一般用于表示某一天的时间短语中:

on Monday   

on Friday

on Monday morning

on that day 在那一天

当我们使用last ,next 和this ,that 时，介词(以及定冠词)必须省略:

I'll see you next/this Friday.

Last Sunday I got up very late.  

3.I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.

1)表达卧床的意思时bed前不需加冠词:

You must stay/remain in bed for another two days.

What time did you go to bed last night?

It is time for bed now.该睡觉了

2)until用于表示动作、状态等的持续，可以译为"一直到.....为止"或"在.....以前"。在肯定句中，它与表示持续性状态的动词连用，表示持续到某一时间:

I'll wait here until 5.

在否定句中，它通常与描述短暂动作的动词连用，表示"到.....为止"、"直到....才"

She cannot arrive until 6.

The rain did not stop until this moring.   直到今天早晨，雨才停

4.arrive by train,坐火车

by air 

by bicycle/bike

by boat

by bus

by car

by land  由陆路

by plane 乘飞机

by sea  由海陆

by ship

by train

on foot 步行

I go to work on foot every day.

Every moring he goes to school by bus

Long ago people could go to America by ship/sea.

如果是特指的交通工具，则要加冠词或其它限定词

My aunt left by the 9:15 train.

5.Dear me,天哪

这个感叹方式可以表示惊愕、困惑、同情等。还可以说"Oh,dear!"或"Dear,dear!"

五、语法(Grammar in use)

1.现在进行时(The present progressive tense)和一般现在时(The present simple tense)

现在进行时表示说话时正在进行的动作或正在发生的事件，往往与now,just,still等副词连用。

John is still sleeping.约翰还在睡觉。

Jane is just dressing up.简正在打扮

Mrs.Smith is cooking now.史密斯太太正在做饭。

一般现在时可以表示习惯性动作，往往与频度副词连用，如often,always,sometimes,never等:

Do you often com here?

I always to the library on Friday.

Helen never writes to her brother Tony.She sometimes rings him.

 

现在进行时，也表示当前(一段时间)的动向:

Jack is working hard these days.杰克最近工作努力。

He does not usually work hard.  他通常是不努力工作的。

2.感叹句(Exclamations)

以what开头的感叹句结构为:

What + adj.+n.+主语+谓语!

主语和谓语经常被省略

What an interesting play (it is)!

What a lot of flowers!

What fools they are!  他们真傻！

如果没有形容词，则表示批评或不大好的意思：

What a thing to say!   多难听的话啊！

What a day!  鬼天气

3)英文中说是谁？要用it坐主语

It was my aunt Lucy.  打电话的是我的姑妈lucy

Who is it?  他是谁？（不说he,she）

It's me,John.

4)I'm coming to see you.   我这就来看你。现在进行时表示将要做什么的一个概念，在英语中来、去、到达这样的动作都可以用现在进行时表示将要进行的动作。

Are you leaving soon?你马上要走吗？

He's going to the theatre this evening. 我打算今天晚上去看戏。

The train is avviving in 5 minutes.  火车将在5分钟后到达。

5）关于频度的副词

I'm never late for appointments.

Sometimes he tells us jokes.

We often meet at that coffee shop.

She is always nice and friendly to people.

Are you still working?

I seldom watch TV.我很少看电视

an early bird  早起的人。

六、词汇学习

1．ring vt.

1）鸣，响，发出清脆响亮的声音：

Just then, the telephone rang.

正在这时，电话铃响了。

Every morning the clock rings at 6.

这钟每天早上6点响。

2）打电话给（美国英语中用call）：

Please ring me when you get home.

到家后请来个电话。

Did you ring the doctor?

你给医生打电话了吗？ 

2．repeat

1）vt. 重复：

Will you repeat the last word?

您能重说一下最后一个字吗？

They are repeating that wonderful play.

他们正在重演那部精彩的戏剧。

2）vi. 重做，重说：

Please repeat after me.

请跟我重复。

Don't repeat.

不要重复。