20.django
1.ajax 使用
======index.html========
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/static/jquery-1.12.4.js"></script>
<script async src="/static/test.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" value="异步获取数据" />
<div id="box"></div>
</body>
</html>
=======test.js==========
$(function(){
//一 $.get使用方法
/* url后直接传参
$('input').click(function(){
$.get('/test/?nid=ycku',function(response,status,xhr){
$('#box').html(response);
});
});
*/
/*通过第二个参数data,字符串形式的键值对传参
$('input').click(function(){
$.get('/test/','nid=ycku',function(response,status,xhr){
$('#box').html(response);
});
});
*/
/* 第三通过data,对象形式的键值对传参
$('input').click(function(){
$.get('/test/',{
nid:'ycku'
},function(response,status,xhr){
$('#box').html(response);
});
});
*/
//二 $.post使用方法
/* post不能使用问号传参 */
/* 1.可以使用字符串形式传参
$('input').click(function(){
$.post('/test/','nid=ycku',function(response,status,xhr){
$('#box').html(response);
});
});
*/
/*2.可以使用对象形式的键值对传参*/
/*
$('input').click(function(){
$.post('/test/',{
nid:'ycku'
},function(response,status,xhr){
$('#box').html(response);
},'xml'); //djanog文件返回的是纯文本，默认是html或text
});
//本身是纯文本，如果强行按照xml或者json数据格式返回的话，那么就无法获取数据
*/
/*第三 $.ajax对于get属性中data继续使用于上面的三种方法，Post试用于上面的两种方法
$('input').click(function(){
$.ajax({
type:'POST',
url:'/test/',
data:{
nid:'ycku',
},
success:function(response,status,xhr){
$('#box').html(response);
}
});
});
});
=====views.py========
def index(request):
return render(request,'index.html')
def test(request):
if request.method == 'GET':
nid = request.GET.get('nid')
print (nid)
if nid == 'ycku':
return HttpResponse('get泡成Web俱乐部')
else:
return HttpResponse('Get木有')
elif request.method == 'POST':
nid = request.POST.get('nid')
if nid == 'ycku':
return HttpResponse('post泡成Web俱乐部')
else:
return HttpResponse('Post木有')
else:
return HttpResponse('Error!')
=======urls.py=======
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from App01 import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^index/',views.index),
url(r'^test/',views.test),
]
2.表单获取数据的三种方式:
======pbusiness.html=======
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>获取元素列表(对象)</h1>
<table border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<td>id</td>
<td>组名</td>
<td>管理员</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for row in groups %}
<tr>
<td>{{ row.id }}</td>
<td>{{ row.caption }}</td>
<td>{{ row.code }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
<h1>获取元素列表(字典)</h1>
<table border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<td>id</td>
<td>组名</td>
<td>管理员</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for row in group_values %}
<tr>
<td>{{ row.id }}</td>
<td>{{ row.caption }}</td>
<td>{{ row.code }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
<h1>获取元素列表(列表)</h1>
<table border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<td>id</td>
<td>组名</td>
<td>管理员</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for row in group_values_list %}
<tr>
<td>{{ row.0 }}</td>
<td>{{ row.1 }}</td>
<td>{{ row.2 }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>
========views.py=========
def show_group(request):
group = models.PBusiness.objects.all()
group_values = models.PBusiness.objects.values('id','caption')
group_values_list = models.PBusiness.objects.values_list('id', 'caption','code')
return render(request,'pbusiness.html',{'groups':group,'group_values':group_values,'group_values_list':group_values_list})
===========models.py======
class PBusiness(models.Model):
caption = models.CharField(max_length=32)
code = models.CharField(max_length=64)
class Phost(models.Model):
nid= models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
hostname = models.CharField(max_length=32,db_index=True)
ip = models.GenericIPAddressField(db_index=True)
port = models.CharField(max_length=5)
phost_group = models.ForeignKey(to='PBusiness',to_field='id')
3.django数据库增、删、改、查总结
增加： models.User.objects.create(name='qianxiaobu',age=18) dic = {'name':'xx','age':19} models.User.objects.create(**dic) obj = models.User(name='qianxiaohu',age=19) obj.save() 删除： models.User.objects.filter(id=1).delete() 修改: models.User.objects.filter(id__gt=1).update(name='alex',age=84) dic = {'name':'xx','age':19} models.User.objects.filter(id__gt=1).update(**dic) 查找: models.User.objects.filter(id=1,name='root') models.User.objects.filter(id__gt=1,name='root') models.User.objects.filter(id__lt=1) models.User.objects.filter(id__gte=1) models.User.objects.filter(id__lte=1) models.User.objects.filter(id=1,name='root') dic = {'name':xx,'age__gt':19} models.User.objects.filter(**dic) v1 = models.Business.objects.all() #以上，内部元素都是对象 v2 = models.Business.objects.all().values('id','caption') #v2内部元素为字典 v3 = models.Business.objects.all().values_list('id','caption') #v3内部元素为元祖 models.Business.objects.get(id=1) #获取一个对象)(单个值)，如果不存在就报错 models.Business.objects.filter(id=1) #获取QuerySet ，有内容输出，没有内容为None models.Business.objects.filter(id=1).first() #获取为对象，不存在返回为None
4.表的行序列号
forloop.counter forloop.counter0 #从0开始 forloop.revcounter #倒叙排 forloop.revcounter0 forloop.last #是否是最后一个循环 forloop.first #是否是第一循环 forloop.parentloop #在嵌套循环中，上一层循环的结果是多少 实例： {% for row in groups %} <tr hid="{{ row.nid }}" bid="{{ row.b_id }}"> <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td> <td>{{ row.hostname }}</td> <td>{{ row.ip }}</td> <td>{{ row.port }}</td> <td>{{ row.phost_group.caption }}</td> </tr> {% endfor %}
5.Post方法添加数据到数据库:
==========phost.html=========== <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <style> .hide{ display: none; } .shadow{ position:fixed; top:0; left:0; right:0; bottom:0; background:black; opacity:0.5; z-index:8; } .add-modal{ position:fixed; height:400px; width:500px; top:200px; left:50%; margin-left:-200px; z-index:9; border:green; background:white; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>主机列表(对象)</h1> <div> <input id="add_host1" type="button" value="添加" /> </div> <table border="1"> <thead> <tr> <th>序号</th> <th>主机名</th> <th>IP</th> <th>端口</th> <th>业务线名称</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> {% for row in groups %} <tr hid="{{ row.nid }}" bid="{{ row.b_id }}"> <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td> <td>{{ row.hostname }}</td> <td>{{ row.ip }}</td> <td>{{ row.port }}</td> <td>{{ row.phost_group.caption }}</td> </tr> {% endfor %} </tbody> </table> <div class="shadow hide"></div> <div class="add-modal hide"> <form action="/show_host/" method="post"> <div class="group"> <input id='hostname' type="text" placeholder="主机名" name="hostname" /> </div> <div class="group"> <input id='ip' type="text" placeholder="IP" name="ip" /> </div> <div class="group"> <input id='port' type="text" placeholder="端口" name="port"> </div> <div class="group"> <select id="sel" name="b_id"> {% for op in groups %} <option value="{{ op.phost_group_id }}" >{{ op.phost_group.caption }}</option> {% endfor %} </select> </div> <input id="add_host2" type="submit" value="提交"> <a id="ajax_sub" >ajax提交</a> <input id='cancel' type="button" value="取消"> </form> </div> <script src="/static/jquery-1.12.4.js"></script> <script> $(function(){ $('#add_host1').click(function(){ $('.shadow,.add-modal').removeClass('hide'); }); $('#cancel').click(function(){ $('.shadow,.add-modal').addClass('hide'); }); }); }); </script> </body> </html> =========views.py======== def show_host(request): if request.method == 'GET': group = models.Phost.objects.all() print ("group=",type(group)) group_values = models.Phost.objects.values('nid','hostname','ip','port','phost_group__caption','phost_group__code') print ("group_values=",type(group_values)) group_values_list = models.Phost.objects.values_list('nid','hostname','ip','port','phost_group_id','phost_group__caption','phost_group__code') print ("group_values=",type(group_values_list)) return render(request,'phost.html',{'groups':group,'group_values':group_values,'group_values_list':group_values_list}) elif request.method =='POST': hostname = request.POST.get('hostname') ip = request.POST.get('ip') port = request.POST.get('port') business = request.POST.get('b_id') models.Phost.objects.create(hostname=hostname,ip=ip,port=port,phost_group_id=business) print (hostname,ip,port,business) return redirect('/show_host/') else: return HttpResponse('Error!') ========urls.py========= url(r'^show_host/$',views.show_host)
6.通过ajax方法提交表单到数据库
=======phost.htmll========== <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <style> .hide{ display: none; } .shadow{ position:fixed; top:0; left:0; right:0; bottom:0; background:black; opacity:0.5; z-index:8; } .add-modal,.edit-modal{ position:fixed; height:400px; width:500px; top:100px; left:50%; margin-left:-200px; z-index:9; border:green; background:white; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>主机列表(对象)</h1> <div> <input id="search" type="text" /> <input type="button" value="搜索"/> </div> <table border="1"> <thead> <tr> <th>序号</th> <th>主机名</th> <th>IP</th> <th>端口</th> <th>业务线名称</th> <th>操作</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> {% for row in groups %} <tr hid="{{ row.nid }}" bid="{{ row.phost_group_id }}"> <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td> <td rhost = "{{ row.hostname }}">{{ row.hostname }}</td> <td rip = "{{ row.ip }}">{{ row.ip }}</td> <td rport = "{{ row.port }}">{{ row.port }}</td> <td rcaption = "{{ row.phost_group.caption }}">{{ row.phost_group.caption }}</td> <td> <a class="add" style="color:green">添加</a> | <a id='aedit' class="edit" style="color:blue">编辑</a> | <a class="delete" style="color:red">删除</a> </td> </tr> {% endfor %} </tbody> </table> <div class="shadow hide"></div> <div class="add-modal hide"> <form action="/show_host/" method="post"> <div class="group"> <input id='hostname' type="text" placeholder="主机名" name="hostname" /> </div> <div class="group"> <input id='ip' type="text" placeholder="IP" name="ip" /> </div> <div class="group"> <input id='port' type="text" placeholder="端口" name="port"> </div> <div class="group"> <select id="sel" name="b_id"> {% for op in b_list %} <option value="{{ op.id }}" >{{ op.caption }}</option> {% endfor %} </select> </div> <input id="add_host2" type="submit" value="POST提交"> <input id="ajax_sub" type="button" value="ajax提交" > <input id='cancel' type="button" value="取消"> </form> </div> <script src="/static/jquery-1.12.4.js"></script> <script> $(function(){ $('.add').click(function(){ $('.shadow,.add-modal').removeClass('hide'); }); $('#cancel').click(function(){ $('.shadow,.add-modal').addClass('hide'); }); $('#cancel1').click(function(){ $('.shadow,.edit-modal').addClass('hide'); }); $('#ajax_sub').click(function(){ $.ajax({ url:"/show_host/", type:'POST', data:{ 'hostname':$('#hostname').val(), 'ip':$('#ip').val(), 'port':$('#port').val(), 'sel':$('#sel').val() }, success:function(response){ if (response == 'OK'){ location.reload() ; }else{ alert("插入失败"); } } }); });
7.多对多关系：
方式一，自定义方式： class Phost(models.Model): nid= models.AutoField(primary_key=True) hostname = models.CharField(max_length=32,db_index=True) ip = models.GenericIPAddressField(db_index=True) port = models.CharField(max_length=5) phost_group = models.ForeignKey(to='PBusiness',to_field='id') class PApp(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=32) class HostToApp(models.Model): hobj = models.ForeignKey(to='Phost',to_field='nid') aobj = models.ForeignKey(to='PApp',to_field='id') 方式二，自动方式 class Phost(models.Model): nid= models.AutoField(primary_key=True) hostname = models.CharField(max_length=32,db_index=True) ip = models.GenericIPAddressField(db_index=True) port = models.CharField(max_length=5) phost_group = models.ForeignKey(to='PBusiness',to_field='id') class App(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=32) r = models.ManyToManyField('Phost')
8.多对多方式的添删改查
class Phost(models.Model): nid= models.AutoField(primary_key=True) hostname = models.CharField(max_length=32,db_index=True) ip = models.GenericIPAddressField(db_index=True) port = models.CharField(max_length=5) phost_group = models.ForeignKey(to='PBusiness',to_field='id') class App(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=32) r = models.ManyToManyField('Phost') 注意：多对多关系无法直接对第三张表进行操作 obj = App.objects.get(id=1) obj.name obj.r.add(1) #在第三章表中增加1对应1 hobj=1 aobj=1 obj.r.add(2,3,4) obj.r.add(*[1,2,3]) obj.r.remove(1) obj.r.remove(2,3,4) obj.r.remove(*[1,2,3]) obj.r.clear() #清除app为1的所有的行 obj.r.set([3,5,7]) #删除所有aobj为1的，添加aobj为1的，hobj为3,5,7的内容 obj.r.all() #所有相关的主机对象 Queryset
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