NGINX安装与基础配置说明

NGINX安装与基础配置说明

• 下载Nginx

  https://nginx.org/en/download.html nginx官网，通过该网站进行NGINX源码包下载。

• 前置条件检查

  • 安装前需要具备以下依赖包

    gcc -v
    g++ -v
    rpm -qa | grep pcre
    rpm -qa | grep zlib
    openssl version
    

  • 可以通过该命令一次性安装

    yum install -y gcc-c++  zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel
    

• 安装Nginx

  • 将tar包放在任意目录，对tar包进行解压

    # 解压
    tar -zxvf nginx-1.26.1.tar.gz
    

  • 进入解压后的nginx目录

    [root@nginx ~]# cd /opt/nginx-1.29.0
    [root@nginx nginx-1.29.0]# ls
    auto  CHANGES  CHANGES.ru  CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md  conf  configure  contrib  CONTRIBUTING.md  html  LICENSE  Makefile  man  objs  README.md  SECURITY.md  src
    
    

  • 选择configure脚本，带参数执行。

    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
     ##选择文件安装目录   --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
     ##启用 http_stub_status 模块，用于监控服务器状态 --with-http_stub_status_module
     ##启用 http_ssl 模块，用于支持 HTTPS。 --with-http_ssl_module
    

  • 编译安装

    make & make install
    

• 启动Nginx

  • 启动命令

    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx ##启动nginx
    /usr/loacl/nginx/sbin/nginx -s relaod ##重新启动
    /usr/loacl/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop ##停止
    /usr/loacl/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit ##杀死进程
    

  • 查看是否启动成功

    ps -ef | grep nginx #查看进程是否在线
    也可以在浏览器访问nginx服务器端口，默认80
    

• Nginx配置文件说明

  • 文件目录位置

    配置文件目录如图所示，nginx.conf是配置文件，nginx.conf.default是配置的初始化备份文件

    

  • 文件说明

    #user  nobody; 
    worker_processes  1;
    
    #error_log  logs/error.log;
    #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
    #error_log  logs/error.log  info;
    
    #pid        logs/nginx.pid;
    
    
    events {
        worker_connections  1024;
    }
    
    
    http {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
    
        #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
        #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
        #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    
        #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    
        sendfile        on;
        #tcp_nopush     on;
    
        #keepalive_timeout  0;
        keepalive_timeout  65;
    
        #gzip  on;
    
        server {
            listen       80; 			// 端口监听接口
            server_name  localhost;  	//设置服务器名称localhost为本机名，可以写域名。
    
            #charset koi8-r;
    
            #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
    
            location / {
                root   html;        			 //指定html文件目录
                index  index.html index.htm;     //html文件名称
            }
    
            #error_page  404              /404.html;
    
            # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
            #
            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }
    
            # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
            #
            #location ~ \.php$ {
            #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
            #}
    
            # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
            #
            #location ~ \.php$ {
            #    root           html;
            #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
            #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
            #    include        fastcgi_params;
            #}
    
            # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
            # concurs with nginx's one
            #
            #location ~ /\.ht {
            #    deny  all;
            #}
        }
    
    
        # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
        #
        #server {
        #    listen       8000;
        #    listen       somename:8080;
        #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
    
        #    location / {
        #        root   html;
        #        index  index.html index.htm;
        #    }
        #}
    
    
        # HTTPS server
        #
         server {
             listen       443 ssl;
             server_name  localhost;
    
             ssl_certificate      cert.pem;  //私钥文件位置
             ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;  //公钥文件位置
    
             ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
             ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    
             ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
             ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    
             location / {
                 root   html;
                 index  index.html index.htm;
             }
         }
    
    }