动手动脑课后总结

1.

import javax.swing.*;
class AboutException {
   public static void main(String[] a) 
   {
      double i=1, j=0, k;
      k=i/j;

      System.out.print(k);
    try
    {
        
        k = i/j;    // Causes division-by-zero exception
        //throw new Exception("Hello.Exception!");
    }
    
    catch ( ArithmeticException e)
    {
        System.out.println("被0除.  "+ e.getMessage());
    }
    
    catch (Exception e)
    {
        if (e instanceof ArithmeticException)
            System.out.println("被0除");
        else
        {  
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
            
        }
    }

    
    finally
     {
             JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,"OK");
     }

  }
}

 运行结果:

Hello.Exception!

总结:Java 中所有可捕获的异常都派生自 Exception 类。

把可能会发生错误的代码放进try语句块中。 当程序检测到出现了一个错误时会抛出一个异常对象。

异常处理代码会捕获并处理这个错误。 catch语句块中的代码用于处理错误。

当异常发生时,程序控制流程由try语句块跳转到catch语句块。

不管是否有异常发生,finally语句块中的语句始终保证被执行。

如果没有提供合适的异常处理代码,JVM将会结束掉整个应用程序。

2,

public class CatchWho { 
    public static void main(String[] args) { 
        try { 
                try { 
                    throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(); 
                } 
                catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { 
                       System.out.println(  "ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException" +  "/内层try-catch"); 
                }
 
            throw new ArithmeticException(); 
        } 
        catch(ArithmeticException e) { 
            System.out.println("发生ArithmeticException"); 
        } 
        catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { 
           System.out.println(  "ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException" + "/外层try-catch"); 
        } 
    } 
}

运行结果:

ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException/内层try-catch
发生ArithmeticException

public class CatchWho2 { 
    public static void main(String[] args) { 
        try {
                try { 
                    throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(); 
                } 
                catch(ArithmeticException e) { 
                    System.out.println( "ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException" + "/内层try-catch"); 
                }
            throw new ArithmeticException(); 
        } 
        catch(ArithmeticException e) { 
            System.out.println("发生ArithmeticException"); 
        } 
        catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { 
            System.out.println( "ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException" + "/外层try-catch"); 
        } 
    } 
}

运行结果:

ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException/外层try-catch

public class EmbededFinally {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        
        int result;
        
        try {
            
            System.out.println("in Level 1");

           
             try {
                
                System.out.println("in Level 2");
                 // result=100/0;  //Level 2
               
                 try {
                   
                     System.out.println("in Level 3");
                      
                     //result=100/0;  //Level 3
                
                } 
                
                catch (Exception e) {
                    
                    System.out.println("Level 3:" + e.getClass().toString());
                
                }
                
                
                finally {
                    
                    System.out.println("In Level 3 finally");
                
                }
                
               
                            }
            
            catch (Exception e) {
               
                 System.out.println("Level 2:" + e.getClass().toString());
           
             }
             finally {
                
                System.out.println("In Level 2 finally");
           
             }
             
             result = 100 / 0;  //level 1
        
        } 
        
        catch (Exception e) {
            
            System.out.println("Level 1:" + e.getClass().toString());
        
        }
        
        finally {
           
             System.out.println("In Level 1 finally");
        
        }
    
    }

}

运行结果:

in Level 1
in Level 2
in Level 3
Level 3:class java.lang.ArithmeticException
In Level 3 finally
In Level 2 finally
In Level 1 finally

改变 result=100/0; 位置

运行结果:

in Level 1
in Level 2
in Level 3
In Level 3 finally
Level 2:class java.lang.ArithmeticException
In Level 2 finally
In Level 1 finally

总结:

当有多层嵌套的finally时,异常在不同的层次抛出 ,在不同的位置抛出,可能会导致不同的finally语句块执行顺序。

当程序中出现异常时,JVM会依据方法调用顺序依次查找有关的错误处理程序。

3.

public class SystemExitAndFinally {    
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        
        try{         
            System.out.println("in main");            
            throw new Exception("Exception is thrown in main");     
        }        
        catch(Exception e)
            {            
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());//getmessage()输出错误信息,可直接用对象调用。            
            //System.exit(0);        
        }
        
        finally        
        {            
            System.out.println("in finally");        
        }    
    }
}

运行结果:

in main
Exception is thrown in main

总结:不管是否有异常发生,finally语句块中的语句始终保证被执行。特殊情况,在catch中有“System.exit(0);”执行此语句后,就已经结束程序,故不会运行finally语句。

posted @ 2020-10-27 20:35  durtime  阅读(109)  评论(0)    收藏  举报