Python入门系列--环境配置问题--day01

环境：

操作系统

    CentOS7 最小化安装

以下操作参考 :

Centos7安装Python3与pip3[简教程]

Centos7.5编译安装python3.7后解决SSL不可用问题

Python3中pip3安装模块出错，找不到SSL

 

1.下载并安装相关软件包

 yum -y install gcc make libffi-devel zlib zlib-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel readline readline-devel openssl openssl-devel openssl-static xz lzma xz-devel sqlite sqlite-devel gdbm gdbm-devel tk tk-devel vim wget gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel

cd /home && wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.1/Python-3.7.1.tgz && tar -zxvf Python-3.7.1.tgz && cd Python-3.7.1

2. 安装ssl模块

wget https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/LibreSSL/libressl-2.8.2.tar.gz -O /tmp/libressl-2.8.2.tar.gz && cd /tmp/ && tar -zxvf libressl-2.8.2.tar.gz && cd libressl-2.8.2 && ./config --prefix=/usr/local/ssl && make && make install

mv /usr/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl.bak 

mv /usr/include/openssl /usr/include/openssl.bak 

ln -s /usr/local/ssl/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl 

ln -s /usr/local/ssl/include/openssl /usr/include/openssl

echo "/usr/local/ssl/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/libressl-2.8.0.conf && ldconfig

echo 'export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/ssl/lib"' >> /etc/profile

echo 'export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/ssl/include"' >> /etc/profile

echo 'export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/ssl/lib/pkgconfig"' >> /etc/profile

. /etc/profile

3.编译并安装python

cd /home/Python-3.7.1 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local --with-ssl --enable-shared CFLAGS=-fPIC && make && make install

ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.7 /usr/local/bin/python

echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/python3.conf && ldconfig

 

 复制以下代码，直接在xshell窗口粘贴执行即可

---

yum -y install gcc make libffi-devel zlib zlib-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel readline readline-devel openssl openssl-devel openssl-static xz lzma xz-devel sqlite sqlite-devel gdbm gdbm-devel tk tk-devel vim wget gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel

cd /home && wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.1/Python-3.7.1.tgz && tar -zxvf Python-3.7.1.tgz && cd Python-3.7.1

wget https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/LibreSSL/libressl-2.8.2.tar.gz -O /tmp/libressl-2.8.2.tar.gz && cd /tmp/ && tar -zxvf libressl-2.8.2.tar.gz && cd libressl-2.8.2 && ./config --prefix=/usr/local/ssl && make && make install

mv /usr/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl.bak

mv /usr/include/openssl /usr/include/openssl.bak 

ln -s /usr/local/ssl/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl 

ln -s /usr/local/ssl/include/openssl /usr/include/openssl

echo "/usr/local/ssl/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/libressl-2.8.0.conf && ldconfig

echo 'export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/ssl/lib"' >> /etc/profile

echo 'export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/ssl/include"' >> /etc/profile

echo 'export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/ssl/lib/pkgconfig"' >> /etc/profile

. /etc/profile

cd /home/Python-3.7.1 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local --with-ssl --enable-shared CFLAGS=-fPIC && make && make install

ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.7 /usr/local/bin/python

echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/python3.conf && ldconfig

 

Python安装模块的方法

1. pip3 install 模块的名字

上面这种方式安装，如果网速不好，安装的速度可能会很慢。

 

2. pip3 install wheel

　　pip3 install xxx.whl

首先安装wheel模块，登录到 https://pypi.python.org/pypi/ 搜索并下载.whl的文件，然后使用pip3 install xxx.whl进行安装

2018-12-06 14:08:26 不知道为啥，上面的超链接不存在了。