Lvm部署
一、添加硬盘
1.分区
（1）分区
（2）改变硬盘格式为 8e（LVM）
[root@linuxprobe ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb # enter operation mode for partitions Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Command (m for help): p # show partition table Disk /dev/vdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0xd97d5b18 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System # none Command (m for help): n # create a partition Partition type: p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extended Select (default p): p # primary Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 # specify partition number First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048): # starting cylinder Using default value 2048 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): # end cylinder Using default value 41943039 Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set Command (m for help): p # show partition table Disk /dev/vdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0xd97d5b18 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/vdb1 2048 41943039 20970496 83 Linux # just created Command (m for help): 5 # change type Selected partition 1 Hex code (type L to list all codes): L # 查看全部格式 # show list 0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris 1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx 5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data 6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / . 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility 8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt 9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/ 10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b 11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor 12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor 14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary 16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS 17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE 18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto 1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep 1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix Command (m for help): t # 改变硬盘格式 Selected partition 1 Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e #为LVM标识 # specify Linux LVM Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM' Command (m for help): p # show partition table Disk /dev/vdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0xd97d5b18 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/vdb1 2048 41943039 20970496 8e Linux LVM # changed Command (m for help): w #保存更改 # save and quit The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) Syncing disks. [root@linuxprobe ~]# sfdisk -l /dev/sdb # show status Disk /dev/vdb: 41610 cylinders, 16 heads, 63 sectors/track sfdisk: Warning: The partition table looks like it was made for C/H/S=*/3/34 (instead of 41610/16/63). For this listing I'll assume that geometry. Units: cylinders of 52224 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0 Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System /dev/vdb1 20+ 411206- 411187- 20970496 8e Linux LVM sfdisk: start: (c,h,s) expected (20,0,9) found (2,0,33) sfdisk: end: (c,h,s) expected (1023,2,34) found (650,2,34) /dev/vdb2 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/vdb3 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/vdb4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty
二、添加物理卷
1.创建物理卷
[root@linuxprobe ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created # 制定创建的PV大小（可不做，使用磁盘全部空间） [root@linuxprobe ~]# pvcreate --setphysicalvolumesize 50G /dev/sdb1 Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
2.显示物理卷
[root@linuxprobe ~]# pvdisplay /dev/sdb1 "/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "20.00 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb1 VG Name PV Size 20.00 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID o0nkv0-1XbS-O5Sa-OjKK-kEaL-IVd7-UrSrCP
3.改变物理卷大小（不在创建LVM范围内，属于日常维护操作）
[root@linuxprobe ~]# pvresize --setphysicalvolumesize 10G /dev/sdb1 Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" changed 1 physical volume(s) resized / 0 physical volume(s) not resized [root@linuxprobe ~]# pvdisplay /dev/sdb1 "/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "10.00 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb1 VG Name PV Size 10.00 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID o0nkv0-1XbS-O5Sa-OjKK-kEaL-IVd7-UrSrCP
4.显示物理卷
[root@linuxprobe ~]# pvs /dev/sdb1 PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sdb1 lvm2 --- 20.00g 20.00g [root@linuxprobe ~]# pvscan PV /dev/sda2 VG centos lvm2 [19.51 GiB / 40.00 MiB free] PV /dev/sdb1 lvm2 [20.00 GiB] Total: 2 [39.51 GiB] / in use: 1 [19.51 GiB] / in no VG: 1 [20.00 GiB]
5.删除逻辑卷（不在创建lvm范围内）
[root@linuxprobe ~]# pvremove /dev/sdb1 Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully wiped [root@linuxprobe ~]# pvdisplay /dev/sdb1 Failed to find physical volume "/dev/sdb1".
四、创建卷组
1.创建卷组
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vgcreate vg_linux/dev/sdb1 Volume group "vg_linux" successfully created # 制定多个磁盘设备如下： [root@linuxprobe ~]# vgcreate vg_linux /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdd1 Volume group "vg_linux" successfully created
2.显示卷组信息
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vgcreate vg_linux /dev/sdb1 Volume group "vg_linux" successfully created [root@linuxprobe ~]# vgdisplay vg_linux --- Volume group --- VG Name vg_linux System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 1 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 20.00 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 5119 Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 5119 / 20.00 GiB VG UUID RnRfbj-DUC4-BdUB-kmov-L6Lh-uiCP-SVDsKq
3.改变卷组名称（不在创建LVM范围内，属于日常维护操作）
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vgrename vg_linux vg_probe Volume group "vg_linux" successfully renamed to "vg_probe" [root@linuxprobe ~]# vgdisplay vg_probe --- Volume group --- VG Name vg_probe System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 2 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 20.00 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 5119 Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 5119 / 20.00 GiB VG UUID RnRfbj-DUC4-BdUB-kmov-L6Lh-uiCP-SVDsKq
4.扩展卷组（不在创建LVM范围内，属于日常维护操作）
# add sdc1 to vg_probe [root@linuxprobe ~]# vgextend vg_probe /dev/sdc1 Volume group "vg_probe" successfully extended [root@linuxprobe ~]# vgdisplay vg_probe --- Volume group --- VG Name vg_probe System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 40.00 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 20479 Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 20479 / 160.00 GiB VG UUID RnRfbj-DUC4-BdUB-kmov-L6Lh-uiCP-SVDsKq
5.缩减卷组（不在创建LVM范围内，属于日常维护操作）
# remove sdc1 from vg_probe [root@linuxprobe ~]# vgreduce vg_probe /dev/sdc1 Removed "/dev/sdc1" from volume group "vg_probe " [root@linuxprobe ~]# vgdisplay vg_probe --- Volume group --- VG Name vg_probe System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 2 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 20.00 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 20479 Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 20479 / 80.00 GiB VG UUID RnRfbj-DUC4-BdUB-kmov-L6Lh-uiCP-SVDsKq
6.删除卷组（不在创建LVM范围内，属于日常维护操作）
# disable target volume group first and delete it [root@linuxprobe ~]# vgchange -a n vg_probe 0 logical volume(s) in volume group "vg_probe" now active [root@linuxprobe ~]# vgremove vg_probe Volume group "vg_data" successfully removed
五、创建逻辑卷
1.创建逻辑卷
[root@linuxprobe ~]# lvcreate -L 5G -n lv_data vg_probe # Logical volume "lv_data" created. [root@linuxprobe ~]# lvcreate -l 100%FREE -n lv_data vg_probe Logical volume "lv_data" already exists in volume group "vg_probe" # lv已存在 [root@linuxprobe ~]# lvcreate -l 100%FREE -n lv_probe vg_probe # 新建LV使用全部的vg Logical volume "lv_probe" created. [root@linuxprobe ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree centos 1 2 0 wz--n- 19.51g 40.00m vg_probe 1 2 0 wz--n- 20.00g 0
2.显示逻辑卷
[root@linuxprobe ~]# lvdisplay /dev/vg_probe/lv_probe --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg_probe/lv_probe LV Name lv_probe VG Name vg_probe LV UUID s11m21-qn5J-2gLx-IrFm-GZ1B-ZEZx-teHFiw LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time linuxprobe.org, 2017-01-03 19:23:29 +0800 LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 15.00 GiB Current LE 3839 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 8192 Block device 253:3
3.改变逻辑卷名称（不在创建LVM范围内，属于日常维护操作）
[root@linuxprobe ~]# lvrename vg_probe lv_probe lv_linux Renamed "lv_probe" to "lv_linux" in volume group "vg_probe" [root@linuxprobe ~]# lvdisplay /dev/vg_probe/lv_linux --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg_probe/lv_linux LV Name lv_linux VG Name vg_probe LV UUID s11m21-qn5J-2gLx-IrFm-GZ1B-ZEZx-teHFiw LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time linuxprobe.org, 2017-01-03 19:23:29 +0800 LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 15.00 GiB Current LE 3839 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 8192 Block device 253:3 [root@linuxprobe ~]# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert root centos -wi-ao---- 17.47g swap centos -wi-ao---- 2.00g lv_data vg_probe -wi-a----- 5.00g lv_linux vg_probe -wi-a----- 15.00g
4.逻辑卷建快照（不在创建LVM范围内，属于日常维护操作）
[root@linuxprobe ~]# lvcreate -s -L 5G -n snap-lv_linux /dev/vg_probe/lv_linux Logical volume "snap-lv_linux" created. [root@linuxprobe ~]# lvdisplay /dev/vg_probe/lv_linux /dev/vg_probe/snap-lv_linux --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg_probe/lv_linux LV Name lv_linux VG Name vg_probe LV UUID s11m21-qn5J-2gLx-IrFm-GZ1B-ZEZx-teHFiw LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time linuxprobe.org, 2017-01-03 19:23:29 +0800 LV snapshot status source of snap-lv_linux [active] LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 5.00 GiB Current LE 1280 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 8192 Block device 253:3 --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg_probe/snap-lv_linux LV Name snap-lv_linux VG Name vg_probe LV UUID sLLQ2y-IOiv-fgtD-RpPr-y7pw-YWnZ-zqwXhD LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time linuxprobe.org, 2017-01-03 19:30:49 +0800 LV snapshot status active destination for lv_linux LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 5.00 GiB Current LE 1280 COW-table size 5.00 GiB COW-table LE 1280 Allocated to snapshot 0.00% Snapshot chunk size 4.00 KiB Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 8192 Block device 253:6
5.扩展逻辑卷（不在创建LVM范围内，属于日常维护操作）
[root@linuxprobe ~]# lvextend -L +6G /dev/vg_probe/lv_data Size of logical volume vg_probe/lv_data changed from 5.00 GiB (1280 extents) to 6.00 GiB (1536 extents). Logical volume lv_data successfully resized. [root@linuxprobe ~]# lvdisplay /dev/vg_probe/lv_data --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg_probe/lv_data LV Name lv_data VG Name vg_probe LV UUID 7MVyp5-xw22-dPnu-vQp8-pa5C-ONvs-LQfS09 LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time linuxprobe.org, 2017-01-03 19:22:52 +0800 LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 6.00 GiB Current LE 1536 Segments 2 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 8192 Block device 253:2 [root@linuxprobe ~]# xfs_growfs /mnt/ meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=1144832 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=0 finobt=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=4579328, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0 log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 [root@linuxprobe ~]# resize resize2fs resizecons resizepart [root@linuxprobe ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg_probe/lv_data #重新格式化 resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) resize2fs: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/vg_probe/lv_data Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock.
6.减少逻辑卷（首先卸载目标设备）（不在创建LVM范围内，属于日常维护操作）
[root@linuxprobe ~]# lvreduce -L 5G /dev/vg_probe/lv_data WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 5.00 GiB THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.) Do you really want to reduce lv_data? [y/n]: y Size of logical volume vg_probe/lv_data changed from 6.00 GiB (1536 extents) to 5.00 GiB (1280 extents). Logical volume lv_data successfully resized. [root@linuxprobe ~]# lvchange -an /dev/vg_probe/lv_data [root@linuxprobe ~]# lvremove /dev/vg_probe/lv_data Logical volume "lv_data" successfully removed
7.逻辑卷xfx扩展空间
# 下载工具包 yum install xfsprogs -y # 重新格式化挂载分区（类似mkfs.ext4） mkfs.xfs -f /dev/cl_kvm-centos7/data # 重新resize分区 xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/cl_kvm--centos7-var
摘抄至【http://blog.csdn.net/wh211212/article/details/53992360】，仅供个人学习参考。
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