LNMP架构的源码编译以及yum安装
LNMP架构的源码编译以及yum安装
目录
一、LNMP架构的编译安装
1. 安装nginx服务
（1）关闭防火墙
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
setenforce: SELinux is disabled
（2）安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make
（3）创建运行用户
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
（4）编译安装
[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# tar zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz -C /opt
[root@localhost opt]# cd nginx-1.12.0/
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
> --user=nginx \
> --group=nginx \
> --with-http_stub_status_module
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# make -j 2 && make install
（5）优化路径
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/
（6）添加nginx系统服务
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# chmod 754 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# systemctl start nginx.service
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# systemctl enable nginx.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
2. 安装mysql服务
（1）安装mysql环境依赖包
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# yum -y install \
> ncurses \
> ncurses-devel \
> bison \
> cmake
（2）创建运行用户
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
（3）编译安装
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# tar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz
[root@localhost opt]# cd /opt/mysql-5.7.20/
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# cmake \
> -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
> -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
> -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
> -DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
> -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
> -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
> -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
> -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
> -DWITH_BOOST=boost \
> -DWITH_SYSTEMD=1
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# make -j 2 && make install
（4）修改mysql配置文件
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# vim /etc/my.cnf
#删除全部内容后编辑
[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES
（5）更改mysql安装目录和配置文件的属主数组
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
（6）设置路径环境变量
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# source /etc/profile
（7）初始化数据库
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# ./mysqld \
> --initialize-insecure \
> --user=mysql \
> --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
> --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
（8）添加mysqld系统服务
[root@localhost bin]# cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@localhost bin]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost bin]# systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@localhost bin]# systemctl enable mysqld
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.
（9）修改mysql的登录密码
[root@localhost bin]# mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123"
Enter password:
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
（10）授权远程登录
[root@localhost bin]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.20 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'abc123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
3. 安装配置php解析环境
（1）安装环境依赖包
[root@localhost bin]# yum -y install gd \
> libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
> libpng libpng-devel \
> freetype freetype-devel \
> libxml2 libxml2-devel \
> zlib zlib-devel \
> curl curl-devel \
> openssl openssl-devel
（2）编译安装
[root@localhost bin]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# tar jxvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
[root@localhost opt]# cd php-7.1.10
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/php \
> --with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
> --with-mysqli \
> --with-zlib \
> --with-curl \
> --with-gd \
> --with-jpeg-dir \
> --with-png-dir \
> --with-freetype-dir \
> --with-openssl \
> --enable-fpm \
> --enable-mbstring \
> --enable-xml \
> --enable-session \
> --enable-ftp \
> --enable-pdo \
> --enable-tokenizer \
> --enable-zip
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# make -j 2 && make install
（3）路径优化
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/
（4）调整php配置文件
php有三个配置文件，分别是：
主配置文件php.ini
进程服务配置文件php-fpm.conf
扩展配置文件www.conf
- 调整主配置文件
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# cp /opt/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php7/php.ini
#在测试环境时使用php.ini-development文件，而在生产环境时使用php.ini-production文件
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
#1170行，修改
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
#939行，取消注释，修改
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# php -m #验证安装的模块
[PHP Modules]
Core
ctype
curl
date
dom
fileinfo
filter
ftp
gd
hash
iconv
json
libxml
mbstring
mysqli
mysqlnd
openssl
pcre
PDO
pdo_sqlite
Phar
posix
Reflection
session
SimpleXML
SPL
sqlite3
standard
tokenizer
xml
xmlreader
xmlwriter
zip
zlib
[Zend Modules]
- 调整进程服务配置文件
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
[root@localhost etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost etc]# vim php-fpm.conf
#17行，删除注释符号“;”
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
- 调整扩展配置文件
[root@localhost etc]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf
（5）启动php-fpm
PHP-FPM(FastCGI Process Manager：FastCGI 进程管理器)是一个 PHPFastCGI 管理器， 由于Nginx服务器不能处理动态页面，需要由 Nginx 把动态请求交给 php-fpm 进程进行解析。
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# netstat -anpt | grep 9000
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 33883/php-fpm: mast
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cd /opt/php-7.1.10/sapi/fpm
[root@localhost fpm]# cp php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service
[root@localhost fpm]# systemctl restart php-fpm.service
（6）配置nginx支持php解析
[root@localhost fpm]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
#65行-71行，取消注释，修改第69行，将/scripts 修改为nginx的工作目录
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
[root@localhost fpm]# systemctl restart nginx.service
（7）验证php测试页
[root@localhost fpm]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
（8）验证数据库工作是否正常
[root@localhost fpm]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.20 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> CREATE DATABASE bbs;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@localhost fpm]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
$link=mysqli_connect('192.168.122.10','bbsuser','admin123');
if($link) echo "<h1>Success!!</h1>";
else echo "Fail!!";
?>
4.部署Discuz!社区论坛web应用
（1）解压论坛软件
[root@localhost fpm]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip -d /opt/dis
（2）新建web目录
[root@localhost opt]# cd /opt/dis/dir_SC_UTF8/
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cp -r upload/ /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
（3）调整论坛目录的权限
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./{config,data,uc_server,uc_client}
（4）安装bbs
（5）访问
用户访问页面：http://IP地址/bbs/index.php
管理访问页面：http://IP地址/bbs/admin.php
二、LNMP架构的yum安装
1. 安装nginx
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install -y nginx
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.20.1
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl start nginx
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable nginx
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
2. 安装mysql 5.7(mariadb)
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum remove mariadb*
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable mysqld.service
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
#在日志文件中找出root用户的初始密码
2021-08-12T12:46:18.886611Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: RGYWjmMOK3#Y
#初始密码为RGYWjmMOK3#Y
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mysql -u root -p
#登录mysql
Enter password:
#输入密码RGYWjmMOK3#Y
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.35
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Admin@123';
#密码设置要求有大小写字母、数字和符号组合
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@"%" identified by "Admin@123" with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch
#为了防止每次yum操作都会自动更新，卸载这个软件
3. 安装php7.2
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install php72w php72w-cli php72w-common php72w-devel php72w-embedded php72w-gd php72w-mbstring php72w-pdo php72w-xml php72w-fpm php72w-mysqlnd php72w-opcache php72w-redis
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl start php-fpm
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable php-fpm
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/php-fpm.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service.
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# php -v
PHP 7.2.34 (cli) (built: Oct 1 2020 13:37:37) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v7.2.34, Copyright (c) 1999-2018, by Zend Technologies
4. 配置nginx支持php解析
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d
[root@localhost conf.d]# vim default.conf
#删除29-35行注释符号#，将33行的/scripts修改为nginx的工作目录
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
[root@localhost conf.d]# systemctl restart nginx.service
5. 准备网页并测试
[root@localhost html]# vim index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
6. 测试mysql
[root@localhost html]# vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
$link=mysqli_connect('192.168.80.10','root','Admin@123');
if($link) echo "<h1>Success!!</h1>";
else echo "Fail!!";
?>
