LNMP环境搭建

Nginx安装


Nginx官网，下载软件建议到官网下载
http://nginx.org/


yum install -y wget gcc gcc-c++ make pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel
cd /usr/local/
yum install lrzsz -y
wget 'http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz'
tar -zxvf nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.14.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
make && make install


启动Nginx：nginx
关闭Nginx：nginx -s stop


php安装


Php官网
http://php.net/


php编译安装脚本
yum -y install epel-release
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel openldap openldap-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel


cd /usr/local/src/
wget 'http://hk1.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.40.tar.gz'
tar -zxf php-5.6.40.tar.gz
cd php-5.6.40
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-ctype --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --with-gettext --enable-fpm
make && make install
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini


php编译安装说明
--prefix指定php的安装目录
--with-config-file-path指定php的配置文件位置
--with-mysql、--with-mysqli让php可以操作mysql
--enable-fpm主要是nginx要来调用php语言得使用php-fpm


启动php-fpm
环境变量：export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/php/sbin/:/usr/local/php/bin/
检查配置文件：php-fpm -t
使用默认配置文件：mv /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
查看php-fpm的listen配置




nginx+php-fpm结合的配置
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}


mysql安装
主流的sql数据库
官网：https://www.mysql.com/


Mysql编译安装脚本
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make tar openssl openssl-devel cmake ncurses ncurses-devel
useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
cd /usr/local/src
wget 'https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.39.tar.gz'
tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.39.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.6.39
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=all -DWITH_DEBUG=0 -DWITH_SSL=yes -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
make && make install
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod a+x /etc/init.d/mysqld


编译选项说明
CMACK_INSTALL_PREFIX指定安装的目录
MYSQL_DATADIR指定Mysql的数据目录


mysql环境变量配置
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/


mysql的启动步骤
更新配置
数据库初始化
启动数据库


更新mysql配置/etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0
port=3306
datadir=/data/mysql
user=mysql
skip-name-resolve
long_query_time=2
slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/mysql-slow.log
expire_logs_days=2
innodb-file-per-table=1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
log_warnings = 1
max_allowed_packet = 512M
connect_timeout = 60
net_read_timeout = 120


[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/mysql/mysqld.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid


mysql数据库初始化
mkdir -pv /data/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql /data/mysql/
yum install -y perl-Module-Install
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/


mysql的安全方式
mysql能限制ip访问、访问需要用户名密码、mysql权限还能再细分
默认让127.0.0.1访问，用户名root，不需要密码
mysql -uroot -h 127.0.0.1 -A


mysql加密码
mysqladmin -h 127.0.0.1 -u root password 'zabbixpwd'
mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -uroot -pzabbixpwd -A


mysql授权某ip登录
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.237.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'zabbixpwd' WITH GRANT OPTION;
flush privileges;


网络登录mysql
mysql -h 192.168.237.49 -uroot -pzabbixpwd -A


LNMP环境验证


LNMP架构
用户 -> php文件
请求到达nginx，nginx通过127.0.0.1:9000去调用php-fpm
php-fpm -> 运行php程序
php -> 操作mysql


LNMP的环境验收，/usr/local/nginx/html/test_mysql.php
<?php
$link=mysql_connect("127.0.0.1","root","zabbixpwd");
if(!$link){
echo "mysql_connect fail";
}else{
echo "mysql_connect success";
}
?>


验证LNMP环境
http://192.168.237.49/test_mysql.php