golang+mongodb 怎么样实现聚合查询,按字段分组并查找出相应字段

集合sales的定义如下:

{ "_id" : 1, "item" : "abc", "price" : 10, "quantity" : 2, "date" : ISODate("2014-03-01T08:00:00Z") }
{ "_id" : 2, "item" : "jkl", "price" : 20, "quantity" : 1, "date" : ISODate("2014-03-01T09:00:00Z") }
{ "_id" : 3, "item" : "xyz", "price" : 5, "quantity" : 10, "date" : ISODate("2014-03-15T09:00:00Z") }
{ "_id" : 4, "item" : "xyz", "price" : 5, "quantity" : 20, "date" : ISODate("2014-04-04T11:21:39.736Z") }
{ "_id" : 5, "item" : "abc", "price" : 10, "quantity" : 10, "date" : ISODate("2014-04-04T21:23:13.331Z") }

聚合函数如下:

db.sales.aggregate(
   [
      {
        $group : {
           _id : { month: { $month: "$date" }, day: { $dayOfMonth: "$date" }, year: { $year: "$date" } },
           totalPrice: { $sum: { $multiply: [ "$price", "$quantity" ] } },
           averageQuantity: { $avg: "$quantity" },
           count: { $sum: 1 }
        }
      }
   ]
)
{ "_id" : { "month" : 3, "day" : 15, "year" : 2014 }, "totalPrice" : 50, "averageQuantity" : 10, "count" : 1 }
{ "_id" : { "month" : 4, "day" : 4, "year" : 2014 }, "totalPrice" : 200, "averageQuantity" : 15, "count" : 2 }
{ "_id" : { "month" : 3, "day" : 1, "year" : 2014 }, "totalPrice" : 40, "averageQuantity" : 1.5, "count" : 2 }

或者在mongochef中的json view如下:

{ 
    "_id" : {
        "month" : NumberInt(4), 
        "day" : NumberInt(4), 
        "year" : NumberInt(2014)
    }, 
    "totalPrice" : 200.0, 
    "averageQuantity" : 15.0, 
    "count" : NumberInt(2)
}
{ 
    "_id" : {
        "month" : NumberInt(3), 
        "day" : NumberInt(15), 
        "year" : NumberInt(2014)
    }, 
    "totalPrice" : 50.0, 
    "averageQuantity" : 10.0, 
    "count" : NumberInt(1)
}
{ 
    "_id" : {
        "month" : NumberInt(3), 
        "day" : NumberInt(1), 
        "year" : NumberInt(2014)
    }, 
    "totalPrice" : 40.0, 
    "averageQuantity" : 1.5, 
    "count" : NumberInt(2)
}

实例说明:

1、

 

 _id : { month: { $month: "$date" }, day: { $dayOfMonth: "$date" }, year: { $year: "$date" } },

此处指定的“_id” 必需且唯一,意为根据所列的域(字段)进行分组。

如果指定: _id : null

则意为对所有行进行分组统计,

例子如下:

db.sales.aggregate(
   [
      {
        $group : {
           _id : null,
           totalPrice: { $sum: { $multiply: [ "$price", "$quantity" ] } },
           averageQuantity: { $avg: "$quantity" },
           count: { $sum: 1 }
        }
      }
   ]
)

查询结果如下:

 

{ "_id" : null, "totalPrice" : 290, "averageQuantity" : 8.6, "count" : 5 }

 

 

2、

$sum:1

表示每条记录按照数量1计数,

如果设为2,则每条记录(文档、每行)按照数量2计数,然后 总数=计数*行数(记录数*每条记录的计数)。

3、

 

$month: "$date" 

 

 

根据日期字段取该日期对应的月份。

posted @ 2020-05-12 13:34  林台山人  阅读(3029)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报