爬取校园新闻首页的新闻的详情，使用正则表达式，函数抽离

1. 用requests库和BeautifulSoup库，爬取校园新闻首页新闻的标题、链接、正文、show-info。

# -*- coding：UTF-8 -*-
# -*- author：deng -*-
import requests
import re
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from datetime import datetime

newsurl='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/'
res=requests.get(newsurl)
res.encoding='utf-8'
soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')

for i in soup.select('li'):
    if len(i.select('.news-list-title'))>0:
        x=i.select('.news-list-title')[0].text
        y=i.select('.news-list-description')[0].text
        z=i.select('.news-list-info')[0].text
        p = i.select('a')[0].attrs['href']
        print(x,y)
        print(z,p)

2. 分析info字符串，获取每篇新闻的发布时间，作者，来源，摄影等信息。

for i in soup.select('li'):
    if len(i.select('.news-list-title'))>0:
        a=i.select('.news-list-title')[0].text
        b=i.select('.news-list-description')[0].text
        c=i.select('a')[0].attrs['href']
        read=requests.get(c)
        read.encoding='utf-8'
        soupSecond=BeautifulSoup(read.text,'html.parser')
        d=soupSecond.select('#content')[0].text
        print(soupSecond.select('.show-info')[0].text)

3. 将字符串格式的发布时间转换成datetime类型

4. 使用正则表达式取得新闻编号

5. 生成点击次数的Request URL

6. 获取点击次数

7. 将456步骤定义成一个函数 def getClickCount(newsUrl):

8. 将获取新闻详情的代码定义成一个函数 def getNewDetail(newsUrl):

9. 尝试用使用正则表达式分析show info字符串，点击次数字符串。

# 获取新闻点击次数
def getNewsId(url):
    newsId = re.findall(r'\_(.*).html', newsUrl)[0][-4:]
    clickUrl = 'http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id={}&modelid=80'.format(newsId)
    clickRes = requests.get(clickUrl)
    # 利用正则表达式获取新闻点击次数
    clickCount = int(re.search("hits'\).html\('(.*)'\);", clickRes.text).group(1))
    return clickCount


# 获取新闻细节
def getNewsDetail(newsUrl):
    resd = requests.get(newsUrl)
    resd.encoding = 'utf-8'
    soupd = BeautifulSoup(resd.text, 'html.parser')
    content = soupd.select('#content')[0].text
    info = soupd.select('.show-info')[0].text
    # 调用getNewsId()获取点击次数
    count = getNewsId(newsUrl)
    print(info)
    # 识别时间格式
    date = re.search('(\d{4}.\d{2}.\d{2}\s\d{2}.\d{2}.\d{2})', info).group(1)
    # 识别一个至三个数据
    author = re.search('作者：((.{3}\s){1,3})', info).group(1)
    check = re.search('审核：((.{3}\s){1,3})', info).group(1)
    sources = re.search('来源：((.{3}\s){1,3})', info).group(1)
    # 用datetime将时间字符串转换为datetime类型
    dateTime = datetime.strptime(date, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
    # 利用format对字符串进行操作
    print('发布时间：{0}\n作者：{1}\n审核：{2}\n来源：{3}\n点击次数：{4}'.format(dateTime, author, check, sources, count))
    print(content)

for new in soup.select('li'):
    if len(new.select('.news-list-title')) > 0:
        title = new.select('.news-list-title')[0].text
        description = new.select('.news-list-description')[0].text
        newsUrl = new.select('a')[0]['href']

        print('标题:{0}\n内容:{1}\n链接:{2}'.format(title, description, newsUrl))
        # 调用getNewsDetail()获取新闻详情
        getNewsDetail(newsUrl)
        break