《Python数据可视化之matplotlib实践》 源码 第一篇 入门 第一章

最近手上有需要用matplotlib画图的活，在网上淘了本实践书，发现没有代码，于是手敲了一遍，mark下。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

第一篇    第一章

 

 

图1.1

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

from matplotlib import cm as cm

#define data
x=np.linspace(0.5, 3.5, 100)
y=np.sin(x)
y1=np.random.randn(100)

#scatter figure
plt.scatter(x, y1, c='0.25', label='scatter figure')

#plot figure
plt.plot(x, y, ls='--', lw=2, label='plot figure')

#some clean up
#去掉上边框和有边框
for spine in plt.gca().spines.keys():
    if spine=='top' or spine=='right':
        plt.gca().spines[spine].set_color('none')
        
# x轴的刻度在下边框        
plt.gca().xaxis.set_ticks_position('bottom')

# y轴的刻度在左边框
plt.gca().yaxis.set_ticks_position('left')

#设置x轴、y轴范围
plt.xlim(0.0, 4.0)
plt.ylim(-3.0, 3.0)

#设置x轴、y轴标签
plt.xlabel('x_axis')
plt.ylabel('y_axis')

#绘制x、y轴网格
plt.grid(True, ls=':', color='r')

#绘制水平参考线
plt.axhline(y=0.0, c='r', ls='--', lw=2)

#绘制垂直参考区域
plt.axvspan(xmin=1.0, xmax=2.0, facecolor='y', alpha=0.5)

#绘制注解
plt.annotate('maximum', xy=(np.pi/2, 1.0), xytext=((np.pi/2)+0.15, 1.5), 
             weight='bold', color='r', arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='->', 
             connectionstyle='arc3', color='r'))

#绘制注解
plt.annotate('spines', xy=(0.75, -3), xytext=(0.35, -2.25), 
             weight='bold', color='r', arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='->', 
             connectionstyle='arc3', color='r'))

#绘制注解
plt.annotate('', xy=(0, -2.78), xytext=(0.4, -2.32), 
             weight='bold', color='r', arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='->', 
             connectionstyle='arc3', color='r'))

#绘制注解
plt.annotate('', xy=(3.5, -2.98), xytext=(3.6, -2.7), 
             weight='bold', color='r', arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='->', 
             connectionstyle='arc3', color='r'))

#绘制文本
plt.text(3.6, -2.70, "'|' is tickline", weight='bold', color='b')
plt.text(3.6, -2.95, "3.5 is tickline", weight='bold', color='b')


plt.title("structure of matplotlib")

plt.legend(loc='upper right')

plt.show()

 

 

=======================================================

 

 

图 1.2

 

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np


x=np.linspace(0.05, 10, 1000)
y=np.cos(x)

plt.plot(x,y,ls='-.', lw=2, c='c', label='plot figure')

plt.legend()

plt.show()

 

=======================================================

 

图 1.3

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np


x=np.linspace(0.05, 10, 1000)
y=np.random.rand(1000)

plt.scatter(x,y,label='scatter figure')

plt.legend()

plt.show()

 

 

=======================================================

 

图1.4 

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np


x=np.linspace(0.05, 10, 1000)
y=np.random.rand(1000)

plt.scatter(x,y,label='scatter figure')

plt.legend()

plt.xlim(0.05, 10)
plt.ylim(0, 1)

plt.show()

 

 

=======================================================

 

图 1.5

 

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np


x=np.linspace(0.05, 10, 1000)
y=np.sin(x)

plt.plot(x,y,ls='-.', lw=2, c='c', label='plot figure')

plt.xlabel('x-axis')
plt.ylabel('y-axis')

plt.legend()

plt.show()

 

=======================================================

 

图  1.6

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np


x=np.linspace(0.05, 10, 1000)
y=np.sin(x)

plt.plot(x,y,ls='-.', lw=2, c='c', label='plot figure')

plt.grid(linestyle=':', color='r')

plt.legend()

plt.show()

 

=======================================================

 

 

图  1.7

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np


x=np.linspace(0.05, 10, 1000)
y=np.sin(x)

plt.plot(x,y,ls='-.', lw=2, c='c', label='plot figure')

plt.axhline(y=0.0, c='r', ls='--', lw=2)
plt.axvline(x=4.0, c='r', ls='--', lw=2)

plt.legend()

plt.show()

 

=======================================================

 

图 1.8

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np


x=np.linspace(0.05, 10, 1000)
y=np.sin(x)

plt.plot(x,y,ls='-.', lw=2, c='c', label='plot figure')

plt.axvspan(xmin=4.0, xmax=6.0, facecolor='y', alpha=0.3)
plt.axhspan(ymin=0.0, ymax=0.5, facecolor='y', alpha=0.3)

plt.legend()

plt.show()

 

 

 

=======================================================

 

图 1.9

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np


x=np.linspace(0.05, 10, 1000)
y=np.sin(x)

plt.plot(x,y,ls='-.', lw=2, c='c', label='plot figure')

plt.annotate('maximum', xy=(np.pi/2, 1.0), xytext=((np.pi/2)+1.0, 0.8),weight='bold', color='b', 
            arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='->', connectionstyle='arc3', color='b'))


plt.legend()

plt.show()

 

 

 

=======================================================

 

图  1.10

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np


x=np.linspace(0.05, 10, 1000)
y=np.sin(x)

plt.plot(x,y,ls='-.', lw=2, c='c', label='plot figure')

plt.text(3.1, 0.09, 'y=sin(x)', weight='bold', color='b')

plt.legend()

plt.show()

 

 

=======================================================

 

图  1.11

 

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np


x=np.linspace(0.05, 10, 1000)
y=np.sin(x)

plt.plot(x,y,ls='-.', lw=2, c='c', label='plot figure')

plt.title("y=sin(x)")

plt.legend()

plt.show()

 

=======================================================

 

图  1.12

 

 

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np


x=np.linspace(0.05, 10, 1000)
y=np.sin(x)

plt.plot(x,y,ls='-.', lw=2, c='c', label='plot figure')

plt.legend(loc="lower right")

plt.show()