第六届福建省大学生程序设计竞赛(FZU2213—FZU2221)

from:piaocoder

Common Tangents(两圆之间的公公切线)

题目链接:

http://acm.fzu.edu.cn/problem.php?pid=2213

解题思路:

告诉你两个圆的圆心与半径,要你找出他们的公共切线的个数。

套模板即可。

http://blog.csdn.net/piaocoder/article/details/41649089

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;

struct Point{
    double x,y;
    Point(double x = 0,double y = 0):x(x),y(y){} // 构造函数,方便代码编写
};
typedef Point Vector;  //从程序实现上,Vector只是Point的别名

struct Circle{
    Point c;
    double r;
    Circle(Point c,double r):c(c),r(r){}
    Point getPoint(double a){
        return Point(c.x+cos(a)*r,c.y+sin(a)*r);
    }
};

//返回切线的条数。-1表示无穷条切线
//a[i]和b[i]分别是第i条切线在圆A和圆B上的切点
int getTangents(Circle A,Circle B){
    int cnt = 0;
    if(A.r < B.r)
        swap(A,B);
    int d2 = (A.c.x-B.c.x)*(A.c.x-B.c.x)+(A.c.y-B.c.y)*(A.c.y-B.c.y);
    int rdiff = A.r-B.r;
    int rsum = A.r+B.r;
    if(d2 < rdiff*rdiff)
        return 0;       //内含
    if(d2==0 && A.r==B.r)
        return -1;      //无限条切线
    if(d2 == rdiff*rdiff){//内切,1条切线
        return 1;
    }
    //有外公切线
    cnt += 2;
    if(d2 == rsum*rsum){//一条公切线
        ++cnt;
    }
    else if(d2 > rsum*rsum){//两条公切线
        cnt += 2;
    }
    return cnt;
}


int main(){
    int T;
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while(T--){
        Point p1,p2;
        double r1,r2;
        scanf("%lf%lf%lf",&p1.x,&p1.y,&r1);
        Circle c1(p1,r1);
        scanf("%lf%lf%lf",&p2.x,&p2.y,&r2);
        Circle c2(p2,r2);
        printf("%d\n",getTangents(c1,c2));
    }
    return 0;
}

Knapsack problem(动态规划)

题目链接:

http://acm.fzu.edu.cn/problem.php?pid=2214

解题思路:

题目大意:

给你一个背包,容量为10^9,物品个数为500,价值和小于5000,求最大价值。

算法思想:

因为容量太大,所以不能按0-1背包问题去求解。注意到物品个数较小,而且价值和最大只有5000,所以可以逆向思维,求得对应价值下最小的重量,即dp[i]表示总价值为i的最小重量是多少,则dp[j] = min(dp[j] , dp[j-val[i]]+vol[i]);最后从sum(物品总价值开始判断)开始,找到第一个小于等于b(容量)的v即可

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <algorithm>
#define INF 0x3f3f3f3f
using namespace std;

int dp[5005];
int w[505],v[505];

int main(){
    int T;
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while(T--){
        int n,b;
        int sum = 0;
        scanf("%d%d",&n,&b);
        for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i){
            scanf("%d%d",&w[i],&v[i]);
            sum += v[i];
        }
        for(int i = 1; i <= sum; ++i)
            dp[i] = INF;
        dp[0] = 0;
        for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i){
            for(int j = sum; j >= v[i]; --j){
                if(dp[j-v[i]] != INF){
                    dp[j] = min(dp[j],dp[j-v[i]]+w[i]);
                }
            }
        }
        for(int i = sum; i >= 0; --i){
            if(dp[i] <= b){
                printf("%d\n",i);
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

Simple Polynomial Problem(中缀表达式)

题目链接:

http://acm.fzu.edu.cn/problem.php?pid=2215

解题思路:

中缀表达式求值,数字栈存的是多项式。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;

typedef long long ll;

struct Poly{
    ll a[1005];
    Poly operator + (const Poly &p) const{
        Poly tmp = {0};
        for(int i = 0; i < 1005; ++i){
            tmp.a[i] = (a[i]+p.a[i])%1000000007;
        }
        return tmp;
    }

    Poly operator * (const Poly &p) const{
        Poly tmp = {0};
        for(int i = 0; i < 1005; ++i){
            if(a[i] == 0)
                continue;
            for(int j = 0; j < 1005; ++j){
                if(p.a[j] == 0)
                    continue;
                tmp.a[i+j] += a[i]*p.a[j];
                tmp.a[i+j] %= 1000000007;
            }
        }
        return tmp;
    }
}pstk[1005];

char ostk[1005] = {'#'};
int ptop,otop,pri[350];
char str[1005];

void push(char op){
    if(ostk[otop]=='#' && op=='#')
        return;
    if(ostk[otop]=='(' && op==')'){
        --otop;
        return;
    }
    if(pri[ostk[otop]]<pri[op] || ostk[otop]=='('){
        ostk[++otop] = op;
        return;
    }
    if(ostk[otop--] == '+'){
        Poly p = pstk[ptop]+pstk[ptop-1];
        ptop -= 2;
        pstk[++ptop] = p;
    }else{
        Poly p = pstk[ptop]*pstk[ptop-1];
        ptop -= 2;
        pstk[++ptop] = p;
    }
    push(op);
}

void output(Poly &p){
    int i = 1000;
    while(i>=0 && p.a[i] == 0)
        --i;
    if(i == -1){
        puts("0");
        return;
    }
    for(int j = i; j >= 0; --j){
        printf("%lld",p.a[j]);
        if(j)
            putchar(' ');
    }
    putchar('\n');
}


int main(){
    pri['+'] = 2; pri['*'] = 3;
    pri['('] = 4; pri[')'] = 1;
    pri['#'] = 1;
    int T;
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while(T--){
        scanf("%s",str);
        ptop = 0; otop = 1;
        for(int i = 0; str[i]; ++i){
            if(str[i]>='0' && str[i]<='9'){
                Poly p = {0};
                p.a[0] = str[i]-'0';
                pstk[++ptop] = p;
            }else if(str[i]=='x'){
                Poly p = {0};
                p.a[1] = 1;
                pstk[++ptop] = p;
            }else{
                push(str[i]);
            }
        }
        push('#');
        output(pstk[ptop]);
    }
    return 0;
}

The Longest Straight

题目链接:

http://acm.fzu.edu.cn/problem.php?pid=2216

解题思路:

pre[i]代表数字i的前面0的总数目, 对于每个i找出符合条件的j ,使得i-j之间有恰好有m个0,然后更新答案ans。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;

const int N = 100005;
int a[N],pre[N];

void solve(int n,int m){
    for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
        pre[i] = pre[i-1]+(!a[i]);
    int ans = 0;
    int j = 1;
    for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i){
        for(; j <= n; ++j){
            if(pre[j]-pre[i-1] > m)
                break;
        }
        if(j-i > ans){
            ans = j-i;
        }
    }
    printf("%d\n",ans);
}

int main(){
    int T;
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while(T--){
        memset(a,0,sizeof(a));
        int x,n,m;
        scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
        int k = 0;
        for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i){
            scanf("%d",&x);
            if(!x) k++;
            a[x] = 1;
        }
        solve(m,k);
    }
    return 0;
}

Simple String Problem(状态压缩dp)

题目链接:

http://acm.fzu.edu.cn/problem.php?pid=2218

解题思路:

题目大意:

一个长为n(n<=2000)的字符串,由前k(k<=16)个小写字母组成,求两段子串A和B,A和B中间没有共用的字母类型,求len(A)*len(B)的最大值。

算法思想:

二进制状态压缩,每一位的状态表示第i个字母存在状态,n^2的时可以枚举出所有子串的状态和长度。然后每次与(1<<k -1)异或就是不含相同的子串状态。但是不能直接对每一种状态枚举他的子集和异或值,这样太大了,肯定会超时,因此我们可以用dp[tmp]表示tmp状态所有子集的最大长度。

先状态转移一下,最后遍历所有的状态和其异或状态就可以更新出答案。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;

const int N = 2005;
char str[N];
int dp[(1<<16)+10];

int main(){
    int T;
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while(T--){
        int n,m;
        scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
        scanf("%s",str);
        memset(dp,0,sizeof(dp));
        for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i){
            int tmp = 0;
            for(int j = i; j < n; ++j){
                tmp |= 1<<(str[j]-'a');
                dp[tmp] = max(dp[tmp],j-i+1);
            }
        }
        int len = 1<<m;
        for(int i = 0; i < len; ++i){
            for(int j = 0; j < m; ++j){
                if((1<<j) & i)
                    dp[i] = max(dp[i],dp[i^(1<<j)]);
            }
        }
        int ans = 0;
        for(int i = 0; i < len; ++i){
            ans = max(ans,dp[i]*dp[(len-1)^i]);
        }
        printf("%d\n",ans);
    }
    return 0;
}

StarCraft(哈夫曼树+优先队列)

题目链接:

http://acm.fzu.edu.cn/problem.php?pid=2219

解题思路:

类似于哈夫曼树的合并方式,对于当个农民(工蜂)来说,算上分裂技能,建造是不断两两并行的,建造时间越小,合并的价值就越小。合并后的时间去被合并两者的较大值+K。初始农民的数量就是合并的终点。


然后问题就可以化简为,给你一堆数字,每次把次小值+k,再删除当前最小值,直到剩下m个数字。
使用优先队列求解,将默认排序的大根堆,改成小根堆即可。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;

priority_queue<int,vector<int>,greater<int> > q;

int main(){
    int T;
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while(T--){
        int x,n,m,k;
        scanf("%d%d%d",&n,&m,&k);
        for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i){
            scanf("%d",&x);
            q.push(x);
        }
        while(n > m){
            q.pop();
            q.push(q.top()+k);
            q.pop();
            --n;
        }
        while(q.size() != 1)
            q.pop();
        printf("%d\n",q.top());
        q.pop();
    }
    return 0;
}

Defender of Argus(优先队列)

题目链接:

http://acm.fzu.edu.cn/problem.php?pid=2220

解题思路:

类似于炉石传说中的“ 奥古斯守卫者 ”,不断选取最优解即可

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;

const int N = 100005;
int n,k;
int a[N],l[N],r[N];
bool vis[N];

struct node{
    int l,r,val;
    node(int _l,int _r):l(0),r(0){
        l = _l;
        r = _r;
        val = a[_l]+a[_r];
    }
    bool operator < (const node& no) const{
        return val < no.val;
    }
};

int main(){
    int T;
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while(T--){
        scanf("%d%d",&n,&k);
        for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
            scanf("%d",&a[i]);
        if(n == 0){
            if(k == 0 || k == 1)
                printf("0\n");
            else
                printf("%d\n",4+(k-2)*5);
            continue;
        }
        if(n == 1){
            printf("%d\n",a[1]+1+(k-1)*5);
            continue;
        }
        memset(vis,false,sizeof(vis));

        for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i){
            l[i] = i-1;
            r[i] = i+1;
        }
        r[0] = 1;
        l[n+1] = n;

        priority_queue<node> q;
        for(int i = 1; i < n; ++i)
            q.push(node(i,i+1));
        bool put = false;
        int sum = 0,last = n;

        while(!q.empty() && k > 0){
            node cur = q.top(); q.pop();
            if(cur.val <= 3 && put == true)
                break;
            int ll = cur.l,rr = cur.r;
            if(vis[ll] || vis[rr])
                continue;

            sum += (a[ll]+a[rr]+2);
            last -= 2;

            --k;
            vis[ll] = true; vis[rr] = true;
            int _l = l[ll], _r = r[rr];

            l[_r] = _l;
            r[_l] = _r;
            put = true;
            if(_l!=0 && _r!= n+1)
                q.push(node(_l,_r));
        }

        if(k>0 && last==1 && a[r[0]]>3){
            sum += a[r[0]] + 2;
            --k;
        }
        sum += k*5;
        printf("%d\n",sum);
    }
    return 0;
}

RunningMan

题目链接:

http://acm.fzu.edu.cn/problem.php?pid=2221

解题思路:

将跑男n均分为3份,取其中较小两份cnt1,cnt2,如果m>=cnt1+cnt2+2;则跑男不能一定获胜,反之则能。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;

int main(){
    int T;
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while(T--){
        int n,m;
        scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
        int cnt1 = n/3;
        n -= cnt1;
        int cnt2 = n/2;
        if(cnt1+cnt2+2 <= m)
            puts("No");
        else
            puts("Yes");
    }
    return 0;
}

posted @ 2016-11-23 19:01  demianzhang  阅读(204)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报