ThinkPHP 3.2.3 数据缓存与静态缓存
ThinkPHP 3.2.3 中手册中数据缓存的地址是：http://www.kancloud.cn/manual/thinkphp/1835
静态缓存的地址是：http://www.kancloud.cn/manual/thinkphp/1839
数据缓存
使用 S 方法进行数据缓存，缓存文件默认的方式是文件缓存（DATA_CACHE_TYPE = File），文件缓存默认的保存路径是 ./Application/Runtime/Temp
当使用默认的缓存方式时，不需要在配置文件中进行配置，直接在控制器中需要缓存数据的地方调用 S 方法即可：
S(缓存名，缓存值，缓存时间)
例如在 IndexController.class.php（./Application/Home/Controller/IndexController.class.php）要对首页数据进行缓存：
<?php namespace Home\Controller; use Think\Controller; use Admin\Common\Category;
class IndexController extends Controller { //首页 public function index(){ if(!$top_cate = S('index_list')) { //读取顶级栏目 $top_cate = M('cate')->where(array('pid'=>0))->order('sort')->select(); $cate = M('cate')->order('sort')->select(); $bObj = M('blog'); $field = array('id','title','time'); foreach($top_cate as $key=>$val) { $cids = Category::get_children_id($cate,$val['id']); $cids[] = $val['id']; $where = array('cid'=>array('IN',$cids)); $top_cate[$key]['blog'] = $bObj->field($field)->where($where)->order('time DESC')->select(); } //缓存 S('index_list',$top_cate,3600*24);//1天，默认存储路径是 ./Application/Home/Runtime/Temp } $this->assign('top_cate',$top_cate); $this->display(); } }
此时 ./Application/Runtime/Temp 中生成了 823c3bcf17c6b7276fa8799355c4c7c8.php
<?php //000000086400a:7:{i:0;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"1";s:4:"name";s:4:"HTML";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"1";s:4:"blog";a:0:{}}i:1;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"3";s:4:"name";s:10:"JavaScript";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"3";s:4:"blog";a:1:{i:0;a:3:{s:2:"id";s:1:"1";s:5:"title";s:2:"js";s:4:"time";s:10:"1455438771";}}}i:2;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"4";s:4:"name";s:3:"PHP";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"4";s:4:"blog";a:3:{i:0;a:3:{s:2:"id";s:1:"4";s:5:"title";s:20:"thinkphp关联模型";s:4:"time";s:10:"1456541875";}i:1;a:3:{s:2:"id";s:1:"3";s:5:"title";s:15:"无限极分类";s:4:"time";s:10:"1456541682";}i:2;a:3:{s:2:"id";s:1:"2";s:5:"title";s:6:"对象";s:4:"time";s:10:"1455438885";}}}i:3;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"2";s:4:"name";s:7:"DIV+CSS";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"5";s:4:"blog";a:0:{}}i:4;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"5";s:4:"name";s:5:"MySQL";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"5";s:4:"blog";a:0:{}}i:5;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"6";s:4:"name";s:5:"Linux";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"6";s:4:"blog";a:0:{}}i:6;a:5:{s:2:"id";s:1:"8";s:4:"name";s:6:"其他";s:3:"pid";s:1:"0";s:4:"sort";s:1:"7";s:4:"blog";a:0:{}}} ?>
如果要改变缓存方式，例如不再把缓存存入文件，而是存入 Memcached 中，该项目中 PHP 的 Memcached 扩展是 Memcached：
此时可以通过修改配置文件 ./Applicaiton/Home/Common/Conf/conf.php，添加：
'DATA_CACHE_TYPE'=>'Memcached',
'PERSISTENTID' => 'mlm_cache',//持久链接标示
'MEMCACHED_HOST' => '127.0.0.1', //可数组形式
'MEMCACHED_PORT' => '11211',//可数组形式
'MEMECACHED_WEIGHT' => 0,//权重
注：Memcached 的驱动可以在 http://www.thinkphp.cn/extend/559.html 进行下载并放到 ./ThinkPHP/Library/Think/Cache/Driver/Memcached.class.php：
<?php namespace Think\Cache\Driver; use Think\Cache; defined('THINK_PATH') or exit(); /** * Memcache缓存驱动 */ Class Memcached extends Cache { public function __construct($options = array()) { if (!extension_loaded('memcached')) { throw_exception(L('_NOT_SUPPERT_') . ':memcached'); } $servers = array(); $persistent_id = C('PERSISTENTID') ? C('PERSISTENTID') : null; $this->options = $options; $this->options['expire'] = isset($options['expire']) ? $options['expire'] : C('DATA_CACHE_TIME'); $this->options['prefix'] = isset($options['prefix']) ? $options['prefix'] : C('DATA_CACHE_PREFIX'); $host = C('MEMCACHED_HOST') ? C('MEMCACHED_HOST') : '127.0.0.1'; $port = C('MEMCACHED_PORT') ? C('MEMCACHED_PORT') : 11211; $weight = C('MEMECACHED_WEIGHT') ? C('MEMECACHED_WEIGHT') : 1; $weight_is_arr = is_array($weight); if (is_array($host)) { if (!is_array($port)) { throw_exception('Memcached服务器IP和端口号要一一对应'); } if ($weight_is_arr && count($weight) != count($host)) { throw_exception('Memcached服务器IP和权重值要一一对应'); } foreach ($host as $key => $value) { $servers[] = array($value, $port[$key], $weight_is_arr ? $weight[$key] : $weight); } } else { if (is_array($port)) { foreach ($port as $key => $value) { $servers[] = array($host, $value, $weight_is_arr ? $weight[$key] : $weight); } } else { $servers[] = array($host, $port, $weight_is_arr ? $weight[0] : $weight); } } $this->handler = new \Memcached($persistent_id); $this->handler->addServers($servers); // $serverList = $this->handler->getServerList(); // var_dump($serverList); // var_dump($this->handler->getStats()); // var_dump($this->handler->getOption()); // var_dump($this->handler->getVersion()); // p($serverList); } /** * 读取缓存 * @access public * @param string $name 缓存变量名 * @return mixed */ public function get($name) { N('cache_read', 1); return $this->handler->get($this->options['prefix'] . $name); } /** * 读取多个元素值 * @param array $keys [要读取的元素key数组] * @return [boolean] [返回值] */ public function getMulti($keys = array()) { if (empty($keys)) return ''; N('cache_read', 1); return $this->handler->getMulti($keys); } /** * 写入缓存 * @access public * @param string $name 缓存变量名 * @param mixed $value 存储数据 * @param integer $expire 有效时间（秒） * @return boolen */ public function set($name, $value, $expire = 0) { N('cache_write', 1); if (is_null($expire)) { $expire = $this->options['expire']; } $name = $this->options['prefix'] . $name; if ($this->handler->set($name, $value, $expire)) { return true; } return false; } /** * 写入多个元素 * @param [array] $items [要写入的健/值元素数组] * @param [int] $expire [有效时间(秒)] */ public function setMulti($items, $expire = 0) { N('cache_write', 1); if (is_null($expire)) { $expire = $this->options['expire']; } $name = $this->options['prefix'] . $name; if ($this->handler->setMulti($items, $expire)) { return true; } return false; } /** * 添加一个元素，如果这个元素已经存在，则失败 * @param [string] $key [要添加元素的key] * @param [string] $value [要添加元素的值] * @param integer $expire [有效时间] * @return boolean */ public function add($key, $value, $expire = 0) { N('cache_write', 1); return $this->handler->add($key, $value, $expire); } /** * 替换已存在key下的元素,如果不存在此key则失败 * @param [string] $key [要替换的key] * @param [string] $value [要替换的值] * @param integer $expire [有效时间] * @return [boolean] */ public function replace($key, $value, $expire = 0) { N('cache_write', 1); return $this->handler->replace($key, $value, $expire); } /** * 删除缓存 * @access public * @param string $name 缓存变量名 * @return boolen */ public function rm($name) { $name = $this->options['prefix'] . $name; return $this->handler->delete($name); } /** * 清除缓存 * @access public * @return boolen */ public function clear() { return $this->handler->flush(); } }
同时 ./Application/Home/Controller/IndexController.class.php 修改为：
<?php namespace Home\Controller; use Think\Controller; use Admin\Common\Category; use Think\Cache\Driver\Memcached; class IndexController extends Controller { //首页 public function index(){ if(!$top_cate = S('index_list')) { //读取顶级栏目 $top_cate = M('cate')->where(array('pid'=>0))->order('sort')->select(); $cate = M('cate')->order('sort')->select(); $bObj = M('blog'); $field = array('id','title','time'); foreach($top_cate as $key=>$val) { $cids = Category::get_children_id($cate,$val['id']); $cids[] = $val['id']; $where = array('cid'=>array('IN',$cids)); $top_cate[$key]['blog'] = $bObj->field($field)->where($where)->order('time DESC')->select(); } //缓存 S('index_list',$top_cate,3600*24);//1天，默认存储路径是 ./Application/Home/Runtime/Temp } $this->assign('top_cate',$top_cate); $this->display(); } }
在服务器端开启 Memcached，刷新首页，此时 Runtime/Tmp 下不会再生成缓存文件；
通过 Telnet 客户端查看 Memcached 服务器中存储的缓存：
stats items STAT items:12:number 1 STAT items:12:age 216 STAT items:12:evicted 0 STAT items:12:evicted_nonzero 0 STAT items:12:evicted_time 0 STAT items:12:outofmemory 0 STAT items:12:tailrepairs 0 STAT items:12:reclaimed 0 STAT items:12:expired_unfetched 0 STAT items:12:evicted_unfetched 0 STAT items:12:crawler_reclaimed 0 STAT items:12:crawler_items_checked 0 STAT items:12:lrutail_reflocked 0 END stats cachedump 12 0 ITEM index_list [898 b; 1456615330 s] END
（Memcache 查看列出所有key方法：http://www.ttlsa.com/memcache/memcache-list-all-keys/）
首页在 Memcached 中的缓存为 index_list。
静态缓存
静态缓存就类似于一些 CMS 中直接把页面静态化，在静态文件的生存周期内直接访问静态的 HTML 文件
Home 模块的静态缓存需要在配置文件 ./Application/Home/Common/Conf/config.php 中添加配置：
//开启静态缓存 'HTML_CACHE_ON'=>true, 'HTML_CACHE_RULES'=>array( //给Show控制器的index方法生成缓存,默认的保存位置是 ./Application/Html 'show:index'=>array('{:module}_{:action}_{id}',10) //参数：缓存文件的名称,缓存生存周期(0代表永不过期) ),
以上配置表示缓存 show 控制器的 index 方法，保存的文件名是 show_index_{id}，id 表示 $_GET['id']，也就是说（show 控制器的 index 方法用于查看文章内容页，通过 URL 传递的参数 id 来访问相应 id 的文章）访问 id 为 4 的文章时会生成 show_index_4.html 文件，默认保存在 ./Applicaiton/Html 中
控制器 ./Application/Home/Controller/ShowController.class.php：
<?php namespace Home\Controller; use Think\Controller; use Admin\Common\Category; class ShowController extends Controller{ //展示页 public function index() { $id = (int)$_GET['id']; $where = array('id'=>$id,'del'=>0); $field = array('id','title','content','time','cid'); $blog = M('blog')->field($field)->where($where)->find(); //实体转换成字符 $blog['content'] = htmlspecialchars_decode(html_entity_decode($blog['content'])); $this->blog = $blog; //面包屑，通过子分类查询所有父分类信息 $cate = M('cate')->order('sort')->select(); $this->parent = Category::get_parents($cate, $blog['cid']); $this->display(); } //点击次数不缓存 public function inc_click() { $id = (int)$_GET['id']; $where = array('id'=>$id); //click自增1 M('blog')->where($where)->setInc('click');//默认自增1 $click = M('blog')->where($where)->getField('click'); echo 'document.write('.$click.')'; } }
如果在该页面中有不需要缓存的内容，例如文章的点击次数，每进行一次访问，次数加 1，可以通过 js 的形式来访问相应的点击方法，例如视图文件 ./Application/Home/View/Show/index.html：
<include file='Common:header'/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="__PUBLIC__/Css/show.css" /> <!--引入ueditor代码高亮插件--> <link rel="stylesheet" href="__ROOT__/Data/ueditor/third-party/SyntaxHighlighter/shCoreDefault.css"> <script src="__ROOT__/Data/ueditor/third-party/SyntaxHighlighter/shCore.js"></script> <!--引入插件结束--> <!--使用ueditor代码高亮插件--> <script> SyntaxHighlighter.all(); </script> <!--使用ueditor代码高亮插件结束--> </head> <body> <!--头部--> <include file='Common:nav'/> <!--主体--> <div class='main'> <div class='main-left'> <div class='location'> <a href="">首页</a>> <?php $last = count($parent) - 1;?> <foreach name="parent" item="v"> <a href="{:U('/c_'.$v['id'])}">{$v.name}</a> <if condition="$last neq $key">></if> </foreach> </div> <div class="title"> <p>{$blog.title}</p> <div> <span class='fl'>发布于：{$blog.time|date="Y年m月d日",###}</span> <span class='fr'>已被阅读<script src="{:U('Home/Show/inc_click',array('id'=>$blog['id']),'')}"></script>次</span> </div> </div> <div class='content' style="word-break: break-all;"> {$blog.content} </div> </div> <!--主体右侧--> <include file='Common:right'/> </div> <!--底部--> <include file='Common:bottom'/>
