【python基础学习】---解析多层json,解析xml
1、以豆瓣的API接口为例子,解析返回的json数据
https://api.douban.com/v2/book/1220502
{ "rating":{ "max":10, "numRaters":16, "average":"7.3", "min":0 }, "subtitle":"", "author":[ "Ranjan Bose", "武传坤" ], "pubdate":"2005-1", "tags":[ { "count":29, "name":"信息论", "title":"信息论" }, { "count":22, "name":"密码学", "title":"密码学" }, { "count":10, "name":"信息论与编码", "title":"信息论与编码" }, { "count":8, "name":"计算机", "title":"计算机" }, { "count":5, "name":"信息学", "title":"信息学" }, { "count":1, "name":"通信", "title":"通信" }, { "count":1, "name":"系统信息论", "title":"系统信息论" }, { "count":1, "name":"欣", "title":"欣" } ], "origin_title":"", "image":"https://img3.doubanio.com/view/subject/m/public/s1166731.jpg", "binding":"平装(无盘)", "translator":[ "武传坤" ], "catalog":"", "pages":"206", "images":{ "small":"https://img3.doubanio.com/view/subject/s/public/s1166731.jpg", "large":"https://img3.doubanio.com/lpic/s1166731.jpg", "medium":"https://img3.doubanio.com/view/subject/m/public/s1166731.jpg" }, "alt":"https://book.douban.com/subject/1220502/", "id":"1220502", "publisher":"机械工业出版社", "isbn10":"7111155343", "isbn13":"9787111155348", "title":"信息论、编码与密码学", "url":"https://api.douban.com/v2/book/1220502", "alt_title":"", "author_intro":"", "summary":"本书集中介绍了信息论、信源编码、信道编码和密码等方面的知识,不仅内容丰富,而且技术深度适当。适合作为高等学校信息安全、电子工程及相关专业信息论和编码课程的教材,从事相关工作的专业技术人员,也能从中受益。 本书利用简短的篇幅对信息论、编码与密码学等信息安全方面的知识,及其所涉及的数学理论进行了精辟论述,内容丰富,避免了太数学化而造成的晦涩难懂:通过翔实的例证由浅入深地阐明理论。 本书特点 对网格编码调制(TCM)进行了详细介绍,以加性白高斯操声(AWGN)和衰退信道为重点。 通过实例阐述了信源编码和信道编码方面的知识。 涵盖了密码学基本理论、密钥和公钥密码学、现代加密标准和最新的研究趋势。", "series":{ "id":"1163", "title":"计算机科学丛书" }, "price":"29.00元" }
python2的解析代码:
import urllib2 import json html = urllib2.urlopen(r'https://api.douban.com/v2/book/1220562') hjson = json.loads(html.read()) print hjson['id'] print hjson['rating']['max'] print hjson['tags'][0]['name']
python3的解析代码:
import urllib.request import json if __name__ == '__main__': html = urllib.request.urlopen(r'https://api.douban.com/v2/book/1220502') hjson = json.load(html) print(hjson) # print(json.dump(hjson).replace('\'','\"')) print(hjson['series']['title'])
二、python的字典(dict)转化为字符串(str):
s = '{"host":"192.168.11.22", "port":3306, "user":"abc",\ "passwd":"123", "db":"mydb", "connect_timeout":10}' print(type(s)) d = json.loads(s) print(type(d)) ______________________________ 控制台输入: <class 'str'> <class 'dict'>
三、读取文件json,并解析
zhou.txt内容如下:
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汉阳区","address":"湖北省武汉市汉阳区马鹦路与江腾苑路交叉处,中青假日酒店附近","brandname":"不详","type":"其他","discount":"非打折加油站","exhaust":"国Ⅳ","position":"114.2450171803,30.531668884","lon":"114.257943","lat":"30.544322","price":{"E90":"5.1","E93":"5.4","E97":"5.8","E0":"5.05"},"gastprice":null,"fwlsmc":"","distance":9862},{"id":"53486","name":"道达尔加油站","area":"430033","areaname":"湖北省 武汉市 硚口区","address":"湖北省武汉市硚口区硚口路与仁寿路交叉处,东辉花园对面","brandname":"不详","type":"其他","discount":"非打折加油站","exhaust":"国Ⅳ","position":"114.2517841979,30.5741290141","lon":"114.25819031949","lat":"30.580404505826","price":{"E90":"5.1","E93":"5.4","E97":"5.8","E0":"5.05"},"gastprice":{"93#":"5.7","0#车柴":"5.35","E93#":"5.7"},"fwlsmc":"","distance":10760},{"id":"52165","name":"中石油马鹦路加油站","area":"430050","areaname":"湖北省 武汉市 汉阳区","address":"湖北省武汉市汉阳区马鹦路与江腾苑路交叉处,中青假日酒店附近","brandname":"中石油","type":"其他","discount":"非打折加油站","exhaust":"国Ⅳ","position":"114.2453546712,30.5315844542","lon":"114.258255","lat":"30.544189","price":{"E90":"5.1","E93":"5.4","E97":"5.8","E0":"5.05"},"gastprice":{"93#":"5.7","0#车柴":"5.35","E93#":"5.7"},"fwlsmc":"加油卡","distance":9831},{"id":"8270","name":"中石化金家墩加油站","area":"430050","areaname":"湖北省 武汉市 汉阳区","address":"湖北省武汉市江汉区银墩街,武汉邮政局附近","brandname":"中石化","type":"直营店","discount":"非打折加油站","exhaust":"国Ⅳ","position":"114.251981,30.612361","lon":"114.25841829676","lat":"30.618641616727","price":{"E90":"5.1","E93":"5.4","E97":"5.8","E0":"5.05"},"gastprice":{"0#车柴":"5.35","E93#":"5.7"},"fwlsmc":"加油卡","distance":13064},{"id":"51463","name":"中石油金家墩加油站","area":"430040","areaname":"湖北省 武汉市 江汉区","address":"湖北省武汉市江汉区银墩路与银墩街交叉处,湖北邮政全夜航速递局附近 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汉阳区","address":"湖北省武汉市汉阳区两湖路与新五里后堤交叉处,芳草苑附近","brandname":"不详","type":"其他","discount":"非打折加油站","exhaust":"国Ⅳ","position":"114.2582592582,30.5212424922","lon":"114.26472225948","lat":"30.527444991614","price":{"E90":"5.1","E93":"5.4","E97":"5.8","E0":"5.05"},"gastprice":{"93#":"5.7","0#车柴":"5.35","E93#":"5.7"},"fwlsmc":"","distance":9330},{"id":"54720","name":"中石化白沙洲北油气合建站","area":"430061","areaname":"湖北省 武汉市 武昌区","address":"湖北省武汉市武昌区三环线白沙洲服务区内北侧","brandname":"中石化","type":"其他","discount":"非打折加油站","exhaust":"国Ⅳ","position":"114.2650400597,30.4729104496","lon":"114.27150951472","lat":"30.478997158986","price":{"E90":"5.1","E93":"5.4","E97":"5.8","E0":"5.05"},"gastprice":{"93#":"5.7","0#车柴":"5.35","E93#":"5.7"},"fwlsmc":"加油卡","distance":11000},{"id":"8893","name":"中石化白沙洲南站","area":"430061","areaname":"湖北省 武汉市 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判断是否为字典或者列表:
def fordict(contents): for key in contents.keys(): # print(key) print(contents[key]) #判断是否为列表 if key == 'data' and isinstance(contents[key],list): for dd in range(len(contents[key])): # print(contents[key][dd]) #判断是否为字典 if contents[key][dd]['id'] == '1134' and isinstance(contents[key][dd],dict): print(fordict(contents[key][dd])) else: return
使用递归:
if __name__ == '__main__': f = open("zhou.txt","r",encoding='utf-8') contents = json.load(f,encoding='utf-8') #是否为字段 print(isinstance(contents,dict)) fordict(contents)
记下自己的成长笔记,积跬步以成千里。知识额无穷尽矣!--Alter