实验6：文件实验编程

任务实验1：csv格式文件读写（使用python内置的文件操作）

task1.1:

title=['城市','人口(万)']
info=[['南京','850'],['纽约','2300'],['东京','3800'],['巴黎','1000']]
with open('city1.csv','w',encoding='utf-8') as f:
    f.write(','.join(title)+'\n')
    for item in info:
        f.write(','.join(item)+'\n')

task1.2:

with open('city1.csv','r',encoding='utf-8') as f:
    print(f.read().rstrip('\n'))

task1.3:

with open('city1.csv','r',encoding='utf-8') as f:
    data=f.readlines()
print('data: ')
print(data)

info=[line.rstrip('\n').split(',') for line in data]
print('info: ')
print(info)

任务实验2：csv格式文件读写（使用python内置的csv模块）

task2.1：

import csv
title = ['城市', '人口(万)']
info = [ ['南京', '850'], ['纽约', '2300'], ['东京', '3800'], ['巴黎', '1000'] ]
with open('city2.csv', 'w', encoding='utf-8', newline='') as f:
    f_writer = csv.writer(f)
    f_writer.writerow(title)
    f_writer.writerows(info)

task2.2：

import csv
with open('city2.csv','r',encoding='utf-8') as f:
    f_reader=csv.reader(f)
    for line in f_reader:
        print(line)

task2.3：

import csv
with open('city3.csv', 'w', encoding='utf-8', newline='') as f:
    title = ['城市', '人口']
    f_writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames = title)
    f_writer.writeheader()
    f_writer.writerow({'城市':'南京', '人口': '850万'})
    f_writer.writerow({'城市':'纽约', '人口': '2300万'})
    f_writer.writerow({'城市':'东京', '人口': '3800万'})
    f_writer.writerow({'城市':'巴黎', '人口': '1000万'})

task2.4：

import csv
with open('city3.csv', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
    f_reader = csv.DictReader(f)
    for line in f_reader:
        print(line)

任务实验3：身份证号码文件批量处理

def is_valid(x):
    if len(x)!=18:
        return False
    for i in x:
        if not (i.isdigit() or i=='X'):
            return False
    else:
        return True
with open('data3_id.txt','r',encoding='utf-8') as f:
    data=f.readlines()
    del data[0]
    line=[i.rstrip('\n').split(',') for i in data]
    valid=[]
    for i in line:
        if is_valid(i[1])==True:
            valid.append(i)
name=[]
number=[]
l2=[]
for i in valid:
    name.append(i[0])
    number.append(i[1])
n1=[i[6:14] for i in number]
l1=list(zip(name,n1))
for i in l1:
    a=list(i)
    l2.append(a)
l3=sorted(l2,key=(lambda x:x[1]),reverse=False)
for i in l3:
    b=''.join(i)
    print(f'{b[0:2]},{b[2:6]}-{b[6:8]}-{b[8:10]}')

任务实验4：random模块，datetime模块：

任务实验5：随机抽点

import random
x=list(range(1,81))
n=int(input('请输入随机抽点人数:'))
with open('data5.txt','r',encoding='utf-8') as f:
    data=f.readlines()
    d1=[]
    for i in data:
        d1.append(i.strip('\n'))
    d2=random.sample(d1,n)

for i in d2:
    print(i)
import datetime
t=datetime.datetime.now()
f1=t.strftime('%Y%m%d')+'.txt'
with open(f1,'w',encoding='utf-8') as f:
    for i in d2:
        f.write(i+'\n')

import random
x=list(range(1,81))
with open('data5.txt','r',encoding='utf-8') as f:
    data=f.readlines()
    d1=[]
    for i in data:
        d1.append(i.strip('\n'))
import datetime
t=datetime.datetime.now()
f1=t.strftime('%Y%m%d')+'.txt'
print('{:=^50}'.format('抽点开始'))

while True:
    n=int(input('请输入随机抽点人数:'))
    if n==0:
        print('{:=^50}'.format('抽点结束'))
        break
    d2=(random.sample(d1,n))
    
    for i in d2:
        d1.remove(i)
        print(i)
    with open(f1,'a',encoding='utf-8') as f:
        for i in d2:
            f.write(i+'\n')