%%manim -v WARNING -qh s1
class s1(Scene):
def construct(self):
def getall():
alls = self.mobjects
vg = VGroup()
for i in alls:
vg.add(i)
return vg
class narrator(Text):
def __init__(
self,
*text_parts,
font: str = "STZhongsong",
**kwargs
):
self.font = font
super().__init__(*text_parts,font=font,**kwargs)
self.to_edge(DOWN)
self.scale(0.6)
class upnarrator(Text):
def __init__(
self,
*text_parts,
font: str = "STZhongsong",
**kwargs
):
self.font = font
super().__init__(*text_parts,font=font,**kwargs)
self.to_edge(UP)
self.scale(0.8)
def check(svg):
n = 0
for i in svg:
num = Integer(number=n).scale(0.6).set_color(RED).move_to(i)
n += 1
self.add(num)
self.add(svg.set_opacity(0.5))
frame = FullScreenRectangle()
title = Text('饱和碳原子上的亲核取代反应', font="STZhongsong")
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(title))
self.play(FadeOut(title))
s0eq = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\s0eq.svg').set(width=frame.width * 3 / 4)
s0eq[1].set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
s0eq[15:17].set_color(GREEN).set_sheen(0.3)
s0eq[37:39].set_color(GREEN).set_sheen(0.3)
s0eq[21:23].set_color(GREEN).set_sheen(0.3)
s0eq[35].set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
s0eq[39:41].set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
n1 = narrator('饱和碳原子上的亲核取代反应一般表达式如下：')
c1 = s0eq[0:14].copy()
c2 = VGroup(s0eq[15:17].copy(), s0eq[37:39].copy())
c3 = s0eq[20:35].copy()
c4 = VGroup(s0eq[35].copy(), s0eq[39:41].copy())
cc1 = s0eq[0:14].copy().scale(1.5).move_to(ORIGIN).move_to([-2, 0, 0])
cc2 = VGroup(s0eq[15:17].copy(), s0eq[37:39].copy()).scale(1.5).move_to([2, 0, 0])
cc3 = s0eq[20:35].copy().scale(1.5).move_to(ORIGIN).move_to([-2, 0, 0])
cc4 = VGroup(s0eq[35].copy(), s0eq[39:41].copy()).scale(1.5).move_to([2, 0, 0])
vc1 = VGroup(cc1, cc2)
# 介绍饱和碳原子上的亲核取代反应
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(vc1), DrawBorderThenFill(n1))
self.play(Transform(cc1[0], cc3[0]), Transform(cc1[13], cc3[14]), Transform(cc1[4:13], cc3[5:14]),
Transform(cc1[3], cc3[4]),
Transform(cc1[2], cc4[1]), Transform(cc1[1], cc4[0]), Transform(cc2[0], cc3[1:3]),
Transform(cc2[1], cc3[3]))
self.wait()
self.play(Transform(vc1, s0eq))
note1 = Text('底物', font="STZhongsong").scale(0.7).next_to(c1, DOWN)
note2 = Text('亲核试剂', font="STZhongsong").scale(0.7).next_to(c2, DOWN).set_y(note1.get_y())
note3 = Text('产物', font="STZhongsong").scale(0.7).next_to(c3, DOWN).set_y(note1.get_y())
note4 = Text('离去基团', font="STZhongsong").scale(0.7).next_to(c4, DOWN).set_y(note1.get_y())
vgnote = VGroup(note1, note2, note3, note4).set_sheen(0.3).set_color_by_gradient(RED, GREEN)
self.play(
AnimationGroup(FadeIn(note1), AnimationGroup(FadeIn(note2),
AnimationGroup(FadeIn(note3), AnimationGroup(FadeIn(note4)),
lag_ratio=0.5), lag_ratio=0.5), lag_ratio=0.5)
)
self.wait()
self.play(FadeOut(vgnote, vc1, n1))
li1 = MathTex('S_N2').scale(2)
li2 = MathTex('S_N1')
li3 = Text('影响卤代烃亲核取代反应的因素', font="STZhongsong")
# SN2
n = narrator('有两种分子参与了决速步的亲核取代反应称为双分子亲核取代反应')
n1 = MarkupText(r'S<sub>N</sub>2<span font="STZhongsong">是一步完成的协同反应</span>').to_edge(DOWN).scale(0.6)
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(li1), DrawBorderThenFill(n))
self.play(Transform(n, n1))
self.wait()
self.play(Unwrite(li1), FadeOut(n))
nu = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\nu.svg').scale(0.25).set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3).shift(3 * LEFT)
x = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\x.svg').scale(0.25).set_color(GREEN).set_sheen(0.3).shift(3 * RIGHT)
cx = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\cx.svg').scale(1.5)
cnu = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\cnu.svg').scale(1.5)
cnu[5:7].set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
intermediate = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\intermediate.svg').scale(1.7)
intermediate[18:20].set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
intermediate[13].set_color(GREEN).set_sheen(0.3)
cx[1].set_color(GREEN).set_sheen(0.3)
vg1 = VGroup(nu, cx)
self.play(GrowFromCenter(vg1))
# Nu和底物反应
self.wait()
self.play(Transform(nu[0:2], intermediate[18:20]), Transform(nu[2:5], intermediate[20:24]),
Transform(cx[0], intermediate[0]),
Transform(cx[10], intermediate[3]), Transform(cx[11], intermediate[4]),
Transform(cx[3], intermediate[5]),
Transform(cx[4:10], intermediate[6:13]), Transform(cx[2], intermediate[14:18]),
Transform(cx[1], intermediate[13]),
Transform(cx[13], intermediate[2]), Transform(cx[12], intermediate[1]))
self.clear()
self.add(intermediate)
lnote = MathTex(r'\delta - ').next_to(intermediate[18:20], UP)
rnote = MathTex(r'\delta - ').next_to(intermediate[13], UP)
dnote = narrator('过渡态').next_to(intermediate[1], DOWN)
vn = VGroup(lnote, rnote, dnote)
self.play(Write(vn))
self.wait(0.5)
self.play(Unwrite(vn))
n1 = narrator('此时中心碳原子由原来sp³的四面体结构转为sp²的三角形平面结构')
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(n1))
intermediate.save_state()
self.play(intermediate[1].animate.set_opacity(0), intermediate[3].animate.set_opacity(0), intermediate[5].animate.set_opacity(0))
self.play(intermediate.animate.scale(2))
orbit = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\orbit.svg', fill_color=BLUE).set_opacity(0.5).scale(0.35)
o1 = orbit.copy().move_to(intermediate[18:20]).shift(1.5 * RIGHT)
o2 = orbit.copy().rotate(PI).move_to(intermediate[0]).shift(1.1 * LEFT)
o3 = orbit.copy().move_to(intermediate[0]).shift(1.1 * RIGHT)
o4 = orbit.copy().rotate(PI).move_to(intermediate[13]).shift(LEFT)
vo1 = VGroup(o1, o2)
vo2 = VGroup(o3, o4)
# p轨道
self.play(Transform(intermediate[20:24], vo1), Transform(intermediate[14:18], vo2))
note1 = narrator('p轨道').move_to((o1.get_center() + o2.get_center()) / 2).shift(DOWN).set_color(BLUE)
note2 = narrator('p轨道').move_to((o3.get_center() + o4.get_center()) / 2).shift(DOWN).set_color(BLUE)
self.play(GrowFromCenter(note1), GrowFromCenter(note2))
self.wait(0.5)
self.play(FadeOut(note1, note2))
self.play(Restore(intermediate))
rect = Polygram(
[[0, 0, 0], [1, 0.5, 0], [1, -1.5, 0], [0, -2, 0]], color=BLUE
).set_opacity(0.5).scale(2.4).move_to(intermediate[0]).shift(0.2 * UP)
intermediate.save_state()
self.play(intermediate[1].animate.set_sheen(0.3), intermediate[3].animate.set_sheen(0.3),
intermediate[5].animate.set_sheen(0.3), intermediate[0].animate.set_sheen(0.3), run_time=0.5)
self.play(intermediate[1].animate.set_color(BLUE), intermediate[3].animate.set_color(BLUE),
intermediate[5].animate.set_color(BLUE), intermediate[0].animate.set_color(BLUE))
self.play(Write(rect))
self.wait()
self.play(FadeOut(rect), FadeOut(n1))
self.play(Restore(intermediate))
self.play(Transform(intermediate[0], cnu[7]), Transform(intermediate[18:20], cnu[5:7]), Transform(intermediate[20:24], cnu[4]),
Transform(intermediate[2], cnu[0]), Transform(intermediate[1], cnu[1]), Transform(intermediate[4], cnu[8]),
Transform(intermediate[3], cnu[2]), Transform(intermediate[6:13], cnu[9:14]), Transform(intermediate[5], cnu[3]),
Transform(intermediate[13], x[0]), Transform(intermediate[14:18], x[1:4]))
self.wait()
self.play(GrowFromCenter(intermediate, reverse_rate_function = True))
%%manim -v WARNING -qh s2
class s2(Scene):
def construct(self):
def getall():
alls = self.mobjects
vg = VGroup()
for i in alls:
vg.add(i)
return vg
class narrator(Text):
def __init__(
self,
*text_parts,
font: str = "STZhongsong",
**kwargs
):
self.font = font
super().__init__(*text_parts,font=font,**kwargs)
self.to_edge(DOWN)
self.scale(0.6)
class upnarrator(Text):
def __init__(
self,
*text_parts,
font: str = "STZhongsong",
**kwargs
):
self.font = font
super().__init__(*text_parts,font=font,**kwargs)
self.to_edge(UP)
self.scale(0.8)
def check(svg):
n = 0
for i in svg:
num = Integer(number=n).scale(0.6).set_color(RED).move_to(i)
n += 1
self.add(num)
self.add(svg.set_opacity(0.5))
def getcos(p1, p2):
x1 = p1[0]
y1 = p1[1]
x2 = p2[0]
y2 = p2[1]
return lambda x : (y1-y2)/2*(np.cos(PI/(x2-x1)*(x-x1)))+(y1+y2)/2
def graph(xrange, yrange, xlabel, ylabel, points):
# 按照顺序输入
frame = FullScreenRectangle()
ax = Axes(
x_range=xrange,
y_range=yrange,
x_length=11,
y_length=5,
axis_config = {"include_tip": False, "include_ticks": False}
)
labels = ax.get_axis_labels(
x_label=Text(xlabel, font="STZhongsong").scale(0.6), y_label=Text(ylabel, font="STZhongsong").scale(0.6)
)
vgax = VGroup(ax, labels)
for i in range(0, len(points)-1):
p = ax.plot(getcos(points[i], points[i+1]), x_range = [points[i][0],points[i+1][0]], color = BLUE)
vgax.add(p)
return vgax
frame = FullScreenRectangle()
n1 = MarkupText(r'<span font="STZhongsong">在</span>S<sub>N</sub>2<span font="STZhongsong">反应中，由于亲核试剂从离去基团的背侧进攻中心碳原子</span>').to_edge(DOWN).scale(0.6)
n2 = narrator('若中心碳原子为手性碳，在生成产物时，中心碳原子的构型会完全翻转')
r = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\r.svg').scale(1.7)
r[0].set_color(BLUE).set_sheen(0.3)
r[9].set_color(BLUE).set_sheen(0.3)
r[6].set_color(BLUE).set_sheen(0.3)
r[24].set_color(BLUE).set_sheen(0.3)
r[11:21].set_color(BLUE).set_sheen(0.3)
s = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\s.svg').scale(1.7)
s[13].set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
s[4].set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
s[7].set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
s[14].set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
s[15:24].set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
note1 = narrator('(R)-2-溴辛烷').scale(1.5).next_to(r, 3*UP)
note1[1].set_color(BLUE).set_sheen(0.3)
note2 = narrator('(S)-2-辛醇').scale(1.5).next_to(s, 3*UP)
note2[1].set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
oh = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\oh.svg').scale(0.25).shift(3 * LEFT)
br = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\br.svg').scale(0.25).shift(3 * RIGHT)
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(n1), GrowFromCenter(r), GrowFromCenter(oh))
self.play(Write(note1))
self.play(Transform(n1, n2))
self.wait()
self.play(Transform(r[0], s[13]), Transform(r[24], s[14]), Transform(r[21:24], s[0:3]), Transform(r[11:21], s[15:24]),
Transform(r[10], s[3]), Transform(r[6], s[7]), Transform(r[1:6], s[8:13]), Transform(oh[0:2], s[5:7]),
Transform(oh[2], s[4]), Transform(r[9], br[2]), Transform(r[7:9], br[0:2]), Transform(note1, note2), run_time=2)
self.wait()
self.play(FadeOut(oh, r, note1, n1))
g = graph([0,10], [0,6], '势能', '反应进程', [[1,2.5], [4,5.5], [9,1.5]])
point1 = g[0].c2p(1, 2.5)
dot1 = Dot(point1)
dot1c = dot1.copy()
point2 = g[0].c2p(4, 5.5)
dot2 = Dot(point2)
point3 = g[0].c2p(9, 1.5)
dot3 = Dot(point3)
n0 = MarkupText('S<sub>N</sub>2<span font="STZhongsong">反应中势能变化如图所示</span>').to_edge(DOWN).scale(0.6)
m1 = MarkupText('Nu<sup><b>- </b></sup>+ RX').scale(0.6).next_to(dot1, DOWN)
m2 = MarkupText('Nu---R---X').scale(0.6).next_to(dot2, UP)
m3 = MarkupText('RNu + X<sup><b>- </b></sup>').scale(0.6).next_to(dot3, DOWN)
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(n0), Write(g[0:2]))
self.play(Write(g[2:]))
self.play(GrowFromCenter(dot1))
self.play(GrowFromCenter(m1))
self.play(MoveAlongPath(dot1c, g[2]))
self.play(GrowFromCenter(m2))
self.add(dot2)
self.play(MoveAlongPath(dot1c, g[3]))
self.play(GrowFromCenter(m3))
l1 = DashedLine(start=dot1.get_center(), end=np.array([dot2.get_x() + 0.5,dot1.get_y(),0]))
l2 = DashedLine(start=dot3.get_center(), end=np.array([dot2.get_x() + 0.5,dot3.get_y(),0]))
self.play(Write(l1), Write(l2))
arr1 = DoubleArrow(start=dot2.get_center(), end=np.array([dot2.get_x(),dot1.get_y(),0]), buff=0, tip_length=0.2, color=GREEN)
arr2 = DoubleArrow(start=np.array([dot2.get_x() + 0.5,dot1.get_y(),0]), end=np.array([dot2.get_x() + 0.5,dot3.get_y(),0]), buff=0, tip_length=0.2, color=GREEN)
self.play(GrowFromCenter(arr1), GrowFromCenter(arr2))
ea = MathTex('E_a').scale(0.8).set_color(GREEN).next_to(arr1, 0.2*LEFT)
h = MathTex(r'\Delta H').scale(0.8).set_color(GREEN).next_to(arr2, 0.2*RIGHT)
self.play(GrowFromCenter(ea), GrowFromCenter(h))
self.wait()
n2 = narrator('决速步是双分子的，需要两种分子的碰撞')
n3 = narrator('故此为双分子的亲核取代反应')
self.play(Transform(n0, n2), m2[0:2].animate.set_sheen(0.3), m2[-1].animate.set_sheen(0.3))
self.play(m2.animate.scale(1.7))
self.play(m2[0:2].animate.set_color(RED), m2[-1].animate.set_color(GREEN))
self.play(Transform(n0, n3))
self.wait()
self.play(FadeOut(g, dot1, dot1c, dot2, m1, m2, m3, l1, l2, arr1, arr2, ea, h, n0))
%%manim -v WARNING -qh s3
# , disable_ligatures=True, alignment="center"
class s3(Scene):
def construct(self):
def getall():
alls = self.mobjects
vg = VGroup()
for i in alls:
vg.add(i)
return vg
class narrator(Text):
def __init__(
self,
*text_parts,
font: str = "STZhongsong",
**kwargs
):
self.font = font
super().__init__(*text_parts,font=font,**kwargs)
self.to_edge(DOWN)
self.scale(0.6)
class upnarrator(Text):
def __init__(
self,
*text_parts,
font: str = "STZhongsong",
**kwargs
):
self.font = font
super().__init__(*text_parts,font=font,**kwargs)
self.to_edge(UP)
self.scale(0.8)
def check(svg):
n = 0
for i in svg:
num = Integer(number=n).scale(0.6).set_color(RED).move_to(i)
n += 1
self.add(num)
self.add(svg.set_opacity(0.5))
def getcos(p1, p2):
x1 = p1[0]
y1 = p1[1]
x2 = p2[0]
y2 = p2[1]
return lambda x : (y1-y2)/2*(np.cos(PI/(x2-x1)*(x-x1)))+(y1+y2)/2
def graph(xrange, yrange, xlabel, ylabel, points):
# 按照顺序输入
frame = FullScreenRectangle()
ax = Axes(
x_range=xrange,
y_range=yrange,
x_length=11,
y_length=5,
axis_config = {"include_tip": False, "include_ticks": False}
)
labels = ax.get_axis_labels(
x_label=Text(xlabel, font="STZhongsong").scale(0.6), y_label=Text(ylabel, font="STZhongsong").scale(0.6)
)
vgax = VGroup(ax, labels)
for i in range(0, len(points)-1):
p = ax.plot(getcos(points[i], points[i+1]), x_range = [points[i][0],points[i+1][0]], color = BLUE)
vgax.add(p)
return vgax
def mytrans(a, b, c):
n = int(len(c)/2)
ag = 'AnimationGroup('
# range(0, n-1)是错的
for i in range(0, n):
s = str(i)
if len(c[2*i]) == 2:
u = f'[c[2*{s}][0]:c[2*{s}][1]]'
else:
u = f'[c[2*{s}][0]]'
if len(c[2*i+1]) == 2:
v = f'[c[2*{s}+1][0]:c[2*{s}+1][1]]'
else:
v = f'[c[2*{s}+1][0]]'
ag += f'Transform(a{u}, b{v}),'
ag += ')'
agg = eval(ag)
return agg
frame = FullScreenRectangle()
li2 = MathTex('S_N1').scale(2)
n = narrator('只有一种分子参与了决速步的亲核取代反应称为单分子亲核取代反应')
n1 = MarkupText(r'S<sub>N</sub>1<span font="STZhongsong">反应是分步完成的</span>').to_edge(DOWN).scale(0.6)
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(li2), DrawBorderThenFill(n))
self.wait()
self.play(Transform(n, n1))
self.wait()
self.play(Unwrite(li2), FadeOut(n))
mo1 = MarkupText('R<sub>3</sub>CX', font='Times New Roman').scale(1.5)
mo1[-1].set_color(GREEN).set_sheen(0.3)
mo2 = MarkupText('R<sub>3</sub>C- - -X', font='Times New Roman').scale(1.5)
mo2[-1].set_color(GREEN).set_sheen(0.3)
mo2[3:6].set_y(mo2[-1].get_y())
mo3 = MarkupText('R<sub>3</sub>C- - -Nu', font='Times New Roman').scale(1.5)
mo3[3:6].set_y(mo2[-1].get_y())
mo3[-1].set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
mo3[-2].set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
mo4 = MarkupText('R<sub>3</sub>CNu', font='Times New Roman').scale(1.5)
mo4[3:5].set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
rc = MarkupText('R<sub>3</sub>C<sup><b>+</b></sup>', font='Times New Roman').scale(1.5)
x = MarkupText('X<sup><b>-</b></sup>', font='Times New Roman').scale(1.5).shift(3*RIGHT)
x[0].set_color(GREEN).set_sheen(0.3)
nu = MarkupText('Nu<sup><b>-</b></sup>', font='Times New Roman').scale(1.5).shift(3*RIGHT)
nu[0:2].set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
self.play(GrowFromCenter(mo1))
self.play(Transform(mo1[0], mo2[0]), Transform(mo1[1], mo2[1]), Transform(mo1[2], mo2[2:6]), Transform(mo1[-1], mo2[-1]))
note1 = narrator('第一过渡态').next_to(mo2, 3*DOWN)
d1 = MathTex(r'\delta + ').next_to(mo2[2], UP)
d2 = MathTex(r'\delta - ').next_to(mo2[-1], UP).set_y(d1.get_y())
vd = VGroup(d1, d2)
self.play(GrowFromCenter(note1), Write(vd))
self.wait()
self.play(FadeOut(note1), Unwrite(vd))
self.clear()
self.add(mo2)
vgnotation = VGroup(x[1], rc[-1])
self.play(Transform(mo2[0:3], rc[0:3]), Transform(mo2[-1], x[0]), Transform(mo2[3:6], vgnotation))
self.clear()
self.add(rc, x)
self.play(FadeOut(x))
plane = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\plane.svg').scale(2.5).shift(0.5*UP)
vgbond = VGroup(plane[4], plane[7], plane[10])
co1 = rc[0].copy()
co2 = rc[0].copy()
self.play(Transform(rc[0], plane[5:7]), Transform(co1, plane[2:4]), Transform(co2, plane[8:10]), Transform(rc[1], vgbond),
Transform(rc[2:4], plane[0:2]))
self.clear()
self.add(plane)
n1 = narrator('此时，碳原子由sp³四面体结构转变为sp²三角形平面结构')
n2 = narrator('若碳原子上连接三个不同的基团，产物往往是外消旋体')
n3 = narrator('这是因为亲核试剂进入平面两侧的机会相等')
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(n1))
self.wait()
self.play(Transform(n1, n2))
self.play(plane[5:7].animate.set_sheen(0.3), plane[2:4].animate.set_sheen(0.3), plane[8:10].animate.set_sheen(0.3), run_time=0.5)
self.play(plane[5:7].animate.set_color(GOLD), plane[2:4].animate.set_color(GREEN), plane[8:10].animate.set_color(BLUE))
self.wait()
self.play(Transform(n1, n3))
self.wait()
self.play(FadeOut(n1))
self.play(plane.animate.rotate(axis=[1,0,0], angle=45*DEGREES))
dotline = DashedLine().set_length(5).rotate(PI/2).set_color(BLUE).set_opacity(0.8).shift(0.1*LEFT)
self.play(Write(dotline), plane[5:8].animate.set_opacity(0.3))
nu1 = nu.copy().scale(0.8).set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
nu2 = nu.copy().scale(0.8).set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
nu1.next_to(dotline, UP)
nu2.next_to(dotline, DOWN)
self.play(Write(nu1))
nu1.save_state()
arr1 = Arrow(color=BLUE, tip_length=0.4).rotate(-PI/2).next_to(nu1, RIGHT).set_length(1.5).shift(0.5*DOWN).set_opacity(0.8)
self.play(GrowFromCenter(arr1))
self.play(nu1.animate.shift(2*DOWN), rate_func=rate_functions.rush_into)
plane.save_state()
shitl = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\shitl.svg').scale(2.5)
shitl[0:2].set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
shitl[9:11].set_color(GOLD).set_sheen(0.3)
shitl[6:8].set_color(BLUE).set_sheen(0.3)
shitl[3:5].set_color(GREEN).set_sheen(0.3)
self.play(FadeOut(arr1), FadeOut(dotline), Transform(nu1, shitl[0:2]), mytrans(plane, shitl, [[0,2],[2],[5,7],[9,11],[7],[11,20],[2,4],[3,5],[4],[5],[8,10],[6,8],[10],[8]]), rate_func=rate_functions.rush_from)
self.wait(1.5)
self.play(Restore(plane), Write(dotline), Restore(nu1))
self.wait()
self.play(CounterclockwiseTransform(nu1, nu2), run_time=2)
arr2 = Arrow(color=BLUE, tip_length=0.4).rotate(PI/2).next_to(nu1, RIGHT).set_length(1.5).shift(0.5*UP).set_opacity(0.8)
self.play(GrowFromCenter(arr2))
self.play(nu1.animate.shift(2*UP), rate_func=rate_functions.rush_into)
shitr = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\shitr.svg').scale(2.5)
shitr[8:10].set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
shitr[0:2].set_color(GOLD).set_sheen(0.3)
shitr[2:4].set_color(BLUE).set_sheen(0.3)
shitr[5:7].set_color(GREEN).set_sheen(0.3)
self.play(FadeOut(arr2), FadeOut(dotline), Transform(nu1, shitr[8:10]), mytrans(plane, shitr, [[0,2],[7],[5,7],[0,2],[7],[11,20],[2,4],[5,7],[4],[4],[8,10],[2,4],[10],[10]]), rate_func=rate_functions.rush_from)
self.clear()
self.add(shitr)
shitl.scale(0.7).shift(3*LEFT)
na = narrator('最终得到外消旋的混合物')
self.play(shitr.animate.scale(0.7))
le = shitr.copy()
self.play(shitr.animate.shift(3*RIGHT), Transform(le, shitl))
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(na))
self.play(Write(dotline))
self.wait()
self.play(FadeOut(dotline, na, le, shitr))
%%manim -v WARNING -qh s4
# , disable_ligatures=True, alignment="center"
def getall():
alls = self.mobjects
vg = VGroup()
for i in alls:
vg.add(i)
return vg
class narrator(Text):
def __init__(
self,
*text_parts,
font: str = "STZhongsong",
**kwargs
):
self.font = font
super().__init__(*text_parts,font=font,**kwargs)
self.to_edge(DOWN)
self.scale(0.6)
def para(x, y):
a = Text(y, font="STZhongsong").to_edge(DOWN).scale(0.6)
b = Text(x, font="STZhongsong").to_edge(1.8*DOWN).scale(0.6)
return VGroup(a,b)
class upnarrator(Text):
def __init__(
self,
*text_parts,
font: str = "STZhongsong",
**kwargs
):
self.font = font
super().__init__(*text_parts,font=font,**kwargs)
self.to_edge(UP)
self.scale(0.8)
def check(svg):
n = 0
for i in svg:
num = Integer(number=n).scale(0.6).set_color(RED).move_to(i)
n += 1
self.add(num)
self.add(svg.set_opacity(0.5))
def getcos(p1, p2):
x1 = p1[0]
y1 = p1[1]
x2 = p2[0]
y2 = p2[1]
return lambda x : (y1-y2)/2*(np.cos(PI/(x2-x1)*(x-x1)))+(y1+y2)/2
def graph(xrange, yrange, xlabel, ylabel, points):
# 按照顺序输入
frame = FullScreenRectangle()
ax = Axes(
x_range=xrange,
y_range=yrange,
x_length=11,
y_length=5,
axis_config = {"include_tip": False, "include_ticks": False}
)
labels = ax.get_axis_labels(
x_label=Text(xlabel, font="STZhongsong").scale(0.6), y_label=Text(ylabel, font="STZhongsong").scale(0.6)
)
vgax = VGroup(ax, labels)
for i in range(0, len(points)-1):
p = ax.plot(getcos(points[i], points[i+1]), x_range = [points[i][0],points[i+1][0]], color = BLUE)
vgax.add(p)
return vgax
def mytrans(a, b, c):
n = int(len(c)/2)
ag = 'AnimationGroup('
# range(0, n-1)是错的
for i in range(0, n):
s = str(i)
if len(c[2*i]) == 2:
u = f'[c[2*{s}][0]:c[2*{s}][1]]'
else:
u = f'[c[2*{s}][0]]'
if len(c[2*i+1]) == 2:
v = f'[c[2*{s}+1][0]:c[2*{s}+1][1]]'
else:
v = f'[c[2*{s}+1][0]]'
ag += f'Transform(a{u}, b{v}),'
ag += ')'
agg = eval(ag)
return agg
frame = FullScreenRectangle()
graph = graph([0,10], [0,8], '反应进程', '势能', [[1,3],[4,8],[5,6], [6,7],[9,1]]).shift(0.5*LEFT)
point1 = graph[0].c2p(1,3)
dot1 = Dot(point1)
dot1c = dot1.copy()
point2 = graph[0].c2p(4,8)
dot2 = Dot(point2)
point3 = graph[0].c2p(5,6)
dot3 = Dot(point3)
point4 = graph[0].c2p(6,7)
dot4 = Dot(point4)
point5 = graph[0].c2p(9,1)
dot5 = Dot(point5)
m1 = MarkupText('R<sub>3</sub>CX').scale(0.6).next_to(dot1, DOWN)
m2 = MarkupText('R<sub>3</sub>C---X').scale(0.6).next_to(dot2, UP)
m3 = MarkupText('R<sub>3</sub>C<sup><b>+ </b></sup>+ X<sup><b>- </b></sup>+ Nu<sup><b>- </b></sup>').scale(0.6).next_to(dot3, DOWN)
m4 = MarkupText('R<sub>3</sub>C---Nu').scale(0.6).next_to(dot4, UP)
m5 = MarkupText('R<sub>3</sub>CNu+ X<sup><b>- </b></sup>').scale(0.6).next_to(dot5, UP).shift(0.5*RIGHT)
n1 = MarkupText(r'S<sub>N</sub>1<span font="STZhongsong">反应中势能变化如图所示</span>').to_edge(DOWN).scale(0.6)
vg1 = VGroup(m1,m2,m3,m4,m5,dot1,dot2,dot3,dot4,dot1c,graph,n1)
class s4(Scene):
def construct(self):
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(n1), Write(graph[0:2]))
self.play(Write(graph[2:]))
self.play(GrowFromCenter(dot1))
self.play(GrowFromCenter(m1))
self.play(MoveAlongPath(dot1c, graph[2]))
self.add(dot2)
self.play(GrowFromCenter(m2))
self.play(MoveAlongPath(dot1c, graph[3]))
self.add(dot3)
self.play(GrowFromCenter(m3))
self.play(MoveAlongPath(dot1c, graph[4]))
self.add(dot4)
self.play(GrowFromCenter(m4))
self.play(MoveAlongPath(dot1c, graph[5]))
self.play(GrowFromCenter(m5))
self.wait()
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(vg1), reverse_rate_function = True)
%%manim -v WARNING -qh s5
# , disable_ligatures=True, alignment="center"
def getall():
alls = self.mobjects
vg = VGroup()
for i in alls:
vg.add(i)
return vg
class narrator(Text):
def __init__(
self,
*text_parts,
font: str = "STZhongsong",
**kwargs
):
self.font = font
super().__init__(*text_parts,font=font,**kwargs)
self.to_edge(DOWN)
self.scale(0.6)
def para(x, y):
a = Text(y, font="STZhongsong").to_edge(DOWN).scale(0.6)
b = Text(x, font="STZhongsong").to_edge(1.8*DOWN).scale(0.6)
return VGroup(a,b)
class upnarrator(Text):
def __init__(
self,
*text_parts,
font: str = "STZhongsong",
**kwargs
):
self.font = font
super().__init__(*text_parts,font=font,**kwargs)
self.to_edge(UP)
self.scale(0.8)
def check(me, svg):
n = 0
for i in svg:
num = Integer(number=n).scale(0.6).set_color(RED).move_to(i)
n += 1
me.add(num)
me.add(svg.set_opacity(0.5))
def getcos(p1, p2):
x1 = p1[0]
y1 = p1[1]
x2 = p2[0]
y2 = p2[1]
return lambda x : (y1-y2)/2*(np.cos(PI/(x2-x1)*(x-x1)))+(y1+y2)/2
def graph(xrange, yrange, xlabel, ylabel, points):
# 按照顺序输入
frame = FullScreenRectangle()
ax = Axes(
x_range=xrange,
y_range=yrange,
x_length=11,
y_length=5,
axis_config = {"include_tip": False, "include_ticks": False}
)
labels = ax.get_axis_labels(
x_label=Text(xlabel, font="STZhongsong").scale(0.6), y_label=Text(ylabel, font="STZhongsong").scale(0.6)
)
vgax = VGroup(ax, labels)
for i in range(0, len(points)-1):
p = ax.plot(getcos(points[i], points[i+1]), x_range = [points[i][0],points[i+1][0]], color = BLUE)
vgax.add(p)
return vgax
def mytrans(a, b, c):
n = int(len(c)/2)
ag = 'AnimationGroup('
# range(0, n-1)是错的
for i in range(0, n):
s = str(i)
if len(c[2*i]) == 2:
u = f'[c[2*{s}][0]:c[2*{s}][1]]'
else:
u = f'[c[2*{s}][0]]'
if len(c[2*i+1]) == 2:
v = f'[c[2*{s}+1][0]:c[2*{s}+1][1]]'
else:
v = f'[c[2*{s}+1][0]]'
ag += f'Transform(a{u}, b{v}),'
ag += ')'
agg = eval(ag)
return agg
def myreverse(a, b, c):
n = int(len(c)/2)
ag = 'AnimationGroup('
# range(0, n-1)是错的
for i in range(0, n):
s = str(i)
if len(c[2*i]) == 2:
v = f'[c[2*{s}][0]:c[2*{s}][1]]'
else:
v = f'[c[2*{s}][0]]'
if len(c[2*i+1]) == 2:
u = f'[c[2*{s}+1][0]:c[2*{s}+1][1]]'
else:
u = f'[c[2*{s}+1][0]]'
ag += f'Transform(b{u}, a{v}),'
ag += ')'
agg = eval(ag)
return agg
frame = FullScreenRectangle()
li = Text('影响卤代烃亲核取代反应的因素', font="STZhongsong")
ef1 = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\ef1.svg').scale(2)
ef1[0].set_color(BLUE).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
ef1[5:8].set_color(TEAL).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
ef1.save_state()
ef2 = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\ef2.svg').scale(2)
ef2[0:2].set_color(BLUE).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
ef2[10:13].set_color(TEAL).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
ef2[6:9].set_color(TEAL).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
ef2.save_state()
ef3 = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\ef3.svg').scale(2)
ef3[0:3].set_color(BLUE).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
ef3[15:18].set_color(TEAL).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
ef3[11:14].set_color(TEAL).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
ef3[7:10].set_color(TEAL).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
ef1e = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\ef1e.svg').scale(2)
ef1e[0].set_color(BLUE).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
ef1e[3:6].set_color(TEAL).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
ef2e = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\ef2e.svg').scale(2)
ef2e[0:2].set_color(BLUE).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
ef2e[2:5].set_color(TEAL).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
ef2e[6:9].set_color(TEAL).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
oh = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\oh.svg').scale(0.3).shift(3.6 * LEFT)
oh.save_state()
br = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\br.svg').scale(0.3).shift(3.6 * RIGHT)
br.save_state()
item1 = Text('①烃基结构的影响', font='STZhongsong')
item2 = Text('②离去基团的影响', font='STZhongsong')
item3 = Text('③试剂亲核性的影响', font='STZhongsong')
n1 = MarkupText(r'<span font="STZhongsong">烃基结构对</span>S<sub>N</sub>2<span font="STZhongsong">反应的影响主要是空间效应</span>').to_edge(DOWN).scale(0.6)
n2 = narrator('若中心碳原子背后的空间位阻越大，那么亲核试剂与它的碰撞接触越少')
n3 = narrator('反应进行得就越慢')
n4 = narrator('此时反应相对速率：100')
n5 = narrator('相对速率：0.22')
n6 = narrator('相对速率≈0')
class s5(Scene):
def construct(self):
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(li))
self.wait()
self.play(Unwrite(li))
self.play(GrowFromCenter(item1))
self.wait()
self.play(GrowFromCenter(item1, reverse_rate_function = True))
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(n1), Write(ef1), Write(oh))
self.wait()
self.play(Transform(n1, n2))
self.wait(1.5)
self.play(Transform(n1, n3))
self.wait()
self.play(Transform(n1, n4))
self.wait()
self.play(mytrans(ef1, br, [[2,4],[0,2],[4],[2]]), mytrans(oh, ef1e, [[0],[8],[1],[7],[2],[6]]), mytrans(ef1, ef1e, [[0],[0],[9],[1],[1],[9],[10],[10],[11],[11],[12,19],[12,20],[8],[2],[7],[3],[5],[4],[6],[5]]))
self.wait()
self.play(FadeOut(n1))
self.clear()
self.add(br, ef1e)
oh.restore()
ef1.restore()
self.play(myreverse(ef1, br, [[2,4],[0,2],[4],[2]]), myreverse(oh, ef1e, [[0],[8],[1],[7],[2],[6]]), myreverse(ef1, ef1e, [[0],[0],[9],[1],[1],[9],[10],[10],[11],[11],[12,19],[12,20],[8],[2],[7],[3],[5],[4],[6],[5]]))
self.wait()
self.clear()
self.add(ef1, oh)
self.play(Transform(ef1[9], VGroup(ef2[0], ef2[10:13])), mytrans(ef1, ef2, [[1],[2],[11],[14],[12,19],[15,22],[10],[13],[0],[1],[5,8],[6,9],[8],[9],[4],[5],[2,4],[3,5]]))
self.wait()
self.clear()
self.add(ef2, oh)
br.restore()
self.play(FadeIn(n5))
self.play(mytrans(ef2, br, [[3,5],[0,2],[5],[2]]), mytrans(oh, ef2e, [[0],[11],[1],[10],[2],[9]]), mytrans(ef2, ef2e, [[0],[0],[1],[1],[2],[12],[14],[14],[15,22],[15,23],[12],[2],[11],[4],[10],[3],[8],[6],[7],[8],[6],[7],[13],[13],[9],[5]]), run_time=5)
self.clear()
self.add(br, ef2e)
oh.restore()
ef2.restore()
self.play(FadeOut(n5))
self.play(myreverse(ef2, br, [[3,5],[0,2],[5],[2]]), myreverse(oh, ef2e, [[0],[11],[1],[10],[2],[9]]), myreverse(ef2, ef2e, [[0],[0],[1],[1],[2],[12],[14],[14],[15,22],[15,23],[12],[2],[11],[4],[10],[3],[8],[6],[7],[8],[6],[7],[13],[13],[9],[5]]))
self.wait()
self.clear()
self.add(ef2, oh)
self.play(Transform(ef2[14],VGroup(ef3[0],ef3[15:18])), mytrans(ef2,ef3,[[0],[1],[1],[2],[13],[14],[9],[10],[10,13],[11,14],[6,9],[7,10],[2],[3],[5],[6],[3,5],[4,6],[15,22],[18,26]]))
self.clear()
self.add(ef3,oh)
self.play(FadeIn(n6))
self.play(oh.animate.shift(2*LEFT))
self.play(oh.animate.shift(2.8*RIGHT), rate_func=rate_functions.rush_into)
self.play(oh.animate.shift(2.8*LEFT), rate_func=rate_functions.rush_from)
self.wait()
self.play(FadeOut(oh, n6, ef3))
%%manim -v WARNING -qh s6
# , disable_ligatures=True, alignment="center"
def getall():
alls = self.mobjects
vg = VGroup()
for i in alls:
vg.add(i)
return vg
class narrator(Text):
def __init__(
self,
*text_parts,
font: str = "STZhongsong",
**kwargs
):
self.font = font
super().__init__(*text_parts,font=font,**kwargs)
self.to_edge(DOWN)
self.scale(0.6)
def para(x, y):
a = Text(y, font="STZhongsong").to_edge(DOWN).scale(0.6)
b = Text(x, font="STZhongsong").to_edge(1.8*DOWN).scale(0.6)
return VGroup(a,b)
class upnarrator(Text):
def __init__(
self,
*text_parts,
font: str = "STZhongsong",
**kwargs
):
self.font = font
super().__init__(*text_parts,font=font,**kwargs)
self.to_edge(UP)
self.scale(0.8)
def check(me, svg):
n = 0
for i in svg:
num = Integer(number=n).scale(0.6).set_color(RED).move_to(i)
n += 1
me.add(num)
me.add(svg.set_opacity(0.5))
me.wait()
me.clear()
def getcos(p1, p2):
x1 = p1[0]
y1 = p1[1]
x2 = p2[0]
y2 = p2[1]
return lambda x : (y1-y2)/2*(np.cos(PI/(x2-x1)*(x-x1)))+(y1+y2)/2
def graph(xrange, yrange, xlabel, ylabel, points):
# 按照顺序输入
frame = FullScreenRectangle()
ax = Axes(
x_range=xrange,
y_range=yrange,
x_length=11,
y_length=5,
axis_config = {"include_tip": False, "include_ticks": False}
)
labels = ax.get_axis_labels(
x_label=Text(xlabel, font="STZhongsong").scale(0.6), y_label=Text(ylabel, font="STZhongsong").scale(0.6)
)
vgax = VGroup(ax, labels)
for i in range(0, len(points)-1):
p = ax.plot(getcos(points[i], points[i+1]), x_range = [points[i][0],points[i+1][0]], color = BLUE)
vgax.add(p)
return vgax
def pretrans0(name, i):
if type(i) == int:
back = name + '[' + str(i) + ']'
elif type(i) == float:
n1 = int(i)
m = i - n1
length = len(str(m))-2
n2 = m*10**length
back = name + '[' + str(n1) + ':' + str(int(n2)) + ']'
return back
def pretrans(name, i):
if type(i) == int:
back = name + '[' + str(i) + ']'
elif type(i) == float:
n1 = int(i)
m = i - n1
length = len(str(m)) - 2
n2 = m*10**length
# 注意这里n2仍为float，要int！
back = name + '[' + str(n1) + ':' + str(int(n2)) + ']'
elif type(i) == list:
back = 'VGroup('
for j in i:
item = pretrans0(name, j) + ','
back += item
back += ')'
return back
def mytrans(a, b, c):
n = 0
ag = 'AnimationGroup('
# range(0, n-1)是错的
for i in c:
n += 1
if n % 2 != 0:
u = pretrans('a', i)
else:
v = pretrans('b', i)
item = f'Transform({u}, {v}),'
ag += item
ag += ')'
agg = eval(ag)
return agg
def myreverse(a, b, c):
n = int(len(c)/2)
ag = 'AnimationGroup('
# range(0, n-1)是错的
for i in range(0, n):
s = str(i)
if len(c[2*i]) == 2:
v = f'[c[2*{s}][0]:c[2*{s}][1]]'
else:
v = f'[c[2*{s}][0]]'
if len(c[2*i+1]) == 2:
u = f'[c[2*{s}+1][0]:c[2*{s}+1][1]]'
else:
u = f'[c[2*{s}+1][0]]'
ag += f'Transform(b{u}, a{v}),'
ag += ')'
agg = eval(ag)
return agg
def c2s(a, b):
for i in a:
if rgb_to_hex(color_to_rgb(i.color)) == b:
i.set_sheen(0.5)
def c2sa(a, b):
for i in a:
if rgb_to_hex(color_to_rgb(i.color)) == b:
i.set_opacity(0.8)
i.set_sheen(0.5)
frame = FullScreenRectangle()
n1 = MarkupText(r'<span font="STZhongsong">在</span>S<sub>N</sub>1<span font="STZhongsong">反应中，决速步为C-X键断裂生成碳正离子</span>').to_edge(DOWN).scale(0.6)
n2 = narrator('反应活性的高低主要取决于碳正离子生成的难易')
n3 = narrator('三级碳正离子最容易形成')
n4 = narrator('从电子效应看，三级碳正离子超共轭效应最大')
n5 = narrator('从空间效应看，因为三级卤代烃连有三个烷基，比较拥挤')
n6 = narrator('当它解离成碳正离子后，烷基之间距离较远，互相排斥较小')
n7 = narrator('这对碳正离子的形成是一种空助效应（空间帮助）')
n8 = narrator('显然三级卤代烃解离时的空助效应最强')
mo2 = MarkupText('R<sub>3</sub>C- - -X', font='Times New Roman').scale(1.5)
mo2[-1].set_color(GREEN).set_sheen(0.3)
mo2[3:6].set_y(mo2[-1].get_y())
rc = MarkupText('R<sub>3</sub>C<sup><b>+</b></sup>', font='Times New Roman').scale(1.5)
x = MarkupText('X<sup><b>-</b></sup>', font='Times New Roman').scale(1.5).shift(3*RIGHT)
x[0].set_color(GREEN).set_sheen(0.3)
vgnotation = VGroup(x[1], rc[-1])
ef3 = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\ef3.svg').scale(2)
ef3[0:3].set_color(BLUE).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
ef3[15:18].set_color(TEAL).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
ef3[11:14].set_color(TEAL).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
ef3[7:10].set_color(TEAL).set_opacity(0.8).set_sheen(0.5)
ef3[4:7].set_opacity(0)
ef3plus = Text('+').move_to(ef3[3]).shift(0.45*RIGHT + 0.2*UP)
vgef = VGroup(ef3, ef3plus)
vgef.save_state()
loose = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\loose.svg').scale(2)
c2sa(loose, "#58c4dd")
c2sa(loose, "#5cd0b3")
pic = ImageMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\pic.png').scale(0.7)
rect = RoundedRectangle(corner_radius=0.5, height=pic.height+2, width=pic.width+1)
vgpic = Group(pic,rect).to_edge(RIGHT, buff=1).shift(0.5*UP)
picnote = narrator('【有机化学可视化】烷烃的卤化').scale(0.9).next_to(rect, DOWN).set_color(GREY)
class s6(Scene):
def construct(self):
# self.add(note)
# self.wait()
# check(self, ef3)
# check(self, loose)
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(mo2), DrawBorderThenFill(n1))
self.play(Transform(mo2[0:3], rc[0:3]), Transform(mo2[-1], x[0]), Transform(mo2[3:6], vgnotation))
self.clear()
self.add(rc, x, n1)
self.play(FadeOut(x))
self.play(Transform(n1,n2))
self.wait()
self.play(Transform(n1,n3))
self.play(mytrans(rc, ef3, [2,3,0.2,15.26]), Transform(rc[3], ef3plus), Transform(rc[0:2].copy(), ef3[11:15]), Transform(rc[0:2].copy(), ef3[7:11]))
self.play(GrowFromCenter(ef3[0]), GrowFromCenter(ef3[1]), GrowFromCenter(ef3[2]))
self.clear()
self.add(vgef, n1)
self.play(Transform(n1,n4))
self.play(vgef.animate.scale(0.6))
self.play(vgef.animate.shift(5*LEFT))
self.play(Write(rect), FadeIn(pic))
self.play(GrowFromCenter(picnote))
self.wait()
self.play(FadeOut(rect, pic, picnote))
self.play(Restore(vgef))
self.play(Transform(n1,n5))
self.wait()
self.play(Transform(n1,n6))
self.play(mytrans(ef3, loose, [3,3,0,0,15,13,16,14,17,12,18.26,15,1,2,11,8,12,9,13,10,2,1,7,5,8,6,9,4,14,11,10,7]), Transform(ef3plus, loose[16]))
self.clear()
self.add(n1, loose)
self.play(Transform(n1,n7))
self.wait()
self.play(Transform(n1,n8))
self.wait()
self.play(FadeOut(n1, loose))
%%manim -v WARNING -qh s7
# , disable_ligatures=True, alignment="center"
class s7(Scene):
def construct(self):
def para(x, y):
a = Text(y, font="STZhongsong").to_edge(DOWN).scale(0.6)
b = Text(x, font="STZhongsong").to_edge(1.8*DOWN).scale(0.6)
return VGroup(a,b)
def fn(a, b):
n1 = str.find(a.text ,b)
n2 = n1 + len(b)
return a[n1:n2]
def check(svg):
n = 0
for i in svg:
num = Integer(number=n).scale(0.6).set_color(RED).move_to(i)
n += 1
self.add(num)
self.add(svg.set_opacity(0.5))
class narrator(Text):
def __init__(
self,
*text_parts,
font: str = "STZhongsong",
**kwargs
):
self.font = font
super().__init__(*text_parts,font=font,**kwargs)
self.to_edge(DOWN)
self.scale(0.6)
def mytrans(a, b, c):
n = int(len(c)/2)
ag = 'AnimationGroup('
# range(0, n-1)是错的
for i in range(0, n):
s = str(i)
if len(c[2*i]) == 2:
u = f'[c[2*{s}][0]:c[2*{s}][1]]'
else:
u = f'[c[2*{s}][0]]'
if len(c[2*i+1]) == 2:
v = f'[c[2*{s}+1][0]:c[2*{s}+1][1]]'
else:
v = f'[c[2*{s}+1][0]]'
ag += f'Transform(a{u}, b{v}),'
ag += ')'
agg = eval(ag)
return agg
note = narrator('p-π共轭').scale(1.5)
benzyl1 = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\benzyl1.svg').scale(1.5)
benzyl2 = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\benzyl2.svg')
benzyl3 = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\benzyl3.svg').scale(2)
benzyl3[19].set_sheen(0.3)
benzyl3[20].set_sheen(0.3)
benzyl3[21].set_sheen(0.3)
benzyl3[22].set_sheen(0.3)
benzyl3[23].set_sheen(0.3)
benzyl3[24].set_sheen(0.3)
benzyl3[27].set_sheen(0.3)
name1 = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\name1.svg').scale(0.4).shift(UP)
name1.save_state()
name3 = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\name3.svg').scale(0.4).shift(DOWN)
name3.save_state()
name0 = name1.copy()
name2 = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\name2.svg').scale(0.6)
note[2].set_color(GREEN).set_sheen(0.3)
note[0].set_color('#58c4dd').set_sheen(0.3)
n1 = narrator('此外，苯甲型卤化物与烯丙型卤化物的π电子可以和')
fn(n1, "苯甲型卤化物").set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3)
fn(n1, "烯丙型卤化物").set_color(BLUE).set_sheen(0.3)
n2 = narrator('碳正离子的空轨道发生共轭效应，体系比较稳定')
n3 = narrator('故这两种化合物表现得特别活泼')
n4 = MarkupText(r'<span font="STZhongsong">它们既可进行</span>S<sub>N</sub>1<span font="STZhongsong">反应，又可进行</span>S<sub>N</sub>2<span font="STZhongsong">反应</span>').to_edge(DOWN).scale(0.6)
# self.add(name1,name3)
# self.wait()
# check(benzyl3)
# self.wait()
# self.clear()
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(name1), DrawBorderThenFill(name3))
self.play(name1.animate.set_color(RED), name3.animate.set_color(BLUE))
self.play(name1.animate.set_sheen(0.3), name3.animate.set_sheen(0.3),run_time=0.5)
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(n1))
self.wait()
self.play(Transform(n1,n2))
self.wait()
self.play(Transform(n1,n3))
self.wait()
self.play(Transform(n1,n4))
self.wait()
self.play(FadeOut(n1), Restore(name1), Restore(name3))
self.play(FadeOut(name3))
self.play(name1.animate.shift(DOWN))
self.play(mytrans(name1, name2, [[0],[0],[1],[1],[2],[2],[3],[3],[4],[4],[5],[5,7]]))
self.wait()
self.clear()
self.add(name2)
self.play(Transform(name2[0:2],VGroup(benzyl1[0:7], benzyl1[11])), mytrans(name2,benzyl1,[[2],[7],[3],[8],[4],[9]]), Transform(VGroup(name2[5],name2[6]), benzyl1[10]))
self.wait()
self.clear()
self.add(benzyl1)
self.play(mytrans(benzyl1,benzyl2,[[0],[0],[1],[1],[2],[2],[3],[3],[4],[4],[5],[5],[6],[6],[7],[7],[8],[8],[9],[9],[10],[10],[11],[11]]))
self.wait()
self.clear()
self.add(benzyl2)
self.play(benzyl2[10].animate.set_sheen(0.3), run_time=0.5)
self.play(benzyl2[10].animate.set_color(BLUE), run_time=0.5)
self.play(benzyl2[10].animate.scale(2.5),FadeOut(benzyl2[6]))
self.play(mytrans(benzyl2,benzyl3,[[0],[0],[1],[1],[2],[2],[3],[3],[4],[4],[5],[5],[11],[6]]),
Transform(VGroup(benzyl2[7],benzyl2[10]), benzyl3[27]), Transform(benzyl2[8:10], VGroup(benzyl3[9:19], benzyl3[25:27])),
Transform(benzyl2[8:10].copy(), benzyl3[7:9]))
self.wait()
self.play(GrowFromPoint(benzyl3[36:38], benzyl3[20]),GrowFromPoint(benzyl3[32:34], benzyl3[19]),GrowFromPoint(benzyl3[28:30], benzyl3[21]),
GrowFromPoint(benzyl3[30:32], benzyl3[22]),GrowFromPoint(benzyl3[38:40], benzyl3[23]))
self.wait()
self.play(GrowFromCenter(benzyl3[19]), GrowFromCenter(benzyl3[20]), GrowFromCenter(benzyl3[21]), GrowFromCenter(benzyl3[22]), GrowFromCenter(benzyl3[23]), GrowFromCenter(benzyl3[24]))
self.play(Write(benzyl3[34]), Write(benzyl3[35]), Write(benzyl3[40]), Write(benzyl3[41]))
self.clear()
self.add(benzyl3)
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(note))
self.wait()
self.play(FadeOut(note), Transform(benzyl3, name0))
self.play(FadeIn(name3))
self.wait()
%%manim -v WARNING -qh s8
# , disable_ligatures=True, alignment="center"
def pretrans0(name, i):
if type(i) == int:
back = name + '[' + str(i) + ']'
elif type(i) == str:
m = i.find('.')
n1 = i[0:m]
n2 = i[m+1:]
back = name + '[' + n1 + ':' + n2 + ']'
return back
def pretrans(name, i):
if type(i) == int:
back = name + '[' + str(i) + ']'
elif type(i) == str:
m = i.find('.')
n1 = i[0:m]
n2 = i[m+1:]
back = name + '[' + n1 + ':' + n2 + ']'
elif type(i) == list:
back = 'VGroup('
for j in i:
item = pretrans0(name, j) + ','
back += item
back += ')'
return back
def mytrans(a, b, c):
n = 0
ag = 'AnimationGroup('
# range(0, n-1)是错的
for i in c:
n += 1
if n % 2 != 0:
u = pretrans('a', i)
else:
v = pretrans('b', i)
item = f'Transform({u}, {v}),'
ag += item
ag += ')'
agg = eval(ag)
return agg
def check(me, svg):
n = 0
for i in svg:
num = Integer(number=n).scale(0.6).set_color(RED).move_to(i)
n += 1
me.add(num)
me.add(svg.set_opacity(0.5))
me.wait()
me.clear()
class s8(Scene):
def construct(self):
def para(x, y):
a = Text(y, font="STZhongsong").to_edge(DOWN).scale(0.6)
b = Text(x, font="STZhongsong").to_edge(1.8*DOWN).scale(0.6)
return VGroup(a,b)
def fn(a, b):
n1 = str.find(a.text ,b)
n2 = n1 + len(b)
return a[n1:n2]
class narrator(Text):
def __init__(
self,
*text_parts,
font: str = "STZhongsong",
**kwargs
):
self.font = font
super().__init__(*text_parts,font=font,**kwargs)
self.to_edge(DOWN)
self.scale(0.6)
note = narrator('p-π共轭').scale(1.5)
note[2].set_color(GREEN).set_sheen(0.3)
note[0].set_color('#58c4dd').set_sheen(0.3)
name1 = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\name1.svg').scale(0.4).shift(UP)
name3 = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\name3.svg').scale(0.4).shift(DOWN)
name0 = name3.copy()
name4 = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\name4.svg').scale(0.5)
guo1 = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\guo1.svg').scale(1.5)
guo2 = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\guo2.svg').scale(2.3)
allylic = SVGMobject(r'D:\manimSVG\allylic.svg').scale(2.3)
# check(self,guo2)
# check(self,allylic)
# check(self,allylic)
# self.wait()
# check(name4)
# self.wait()
# self.clear()
self.add(name1,name3)
self.play(FadeOut(name1))
self.play(name3.animate.shift(UP))
self.play(mytrans(name3,name4,[0,0,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,10,9,8,10,9]))
self.wait()
self.clear()
self.add(name4)
self.play(mytrans(name4,guo1,[0,5,1,6,2,7,3,[0,4],4,11,5,1,6,2,7,3,10,10,8,8,9,9]))
self.wait()
self.clear()
self.add(guo1)
self.play(mytrans(guo1,guo2,[7,3,8,4,9,5,0,0,4,2,1,1,10,16,'5.7','8.10',11,'10.12','2.4','14.16']), Transform(guo1[5:7].copy(), guo2[6:8]), Transform(guo1[2:4].copy(), guo2[12:14]))
self.wait()
self.clear()
self.add(guo2)
self.play(guo2[4].animate.set_color(GREEN), guo2[16].animate.set_color(BLUE))
self.play(guo2[4].animate.set_sheen(0.5), guo2[16].animate.set_sheen(0.5), run_time=0.5)
self.play(Flash(guo2[4], color=GREEN, radius=3, line_length=0.5), Flash(guo2[16], color=BLUE, radius=5, line_length=0.5))
self.wait()
self.play(mytrans(guo2,allylic,['8.10','12.14','6.8','10.12',3,0,4,[14,17],5,2,0,1,10,15,11,16,2,4,1,3,16,9,'14.16','7.9','12.14','5.7']))
self.wait()
self.clear()
self.add(allylic)
self.play(Write(allylic[18:20]))
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(note))
self.wait()
self.play(FadeOut(note), Transform(allylic, name0))
self.play(FadeIn(name1))
self.wait()
self.play(FadeOut(allylic, name1))
%%manim -v WARNING -qh s9
# , disable_ligatures=True, alignment="center"
def pretrans0(name, i):
if type(i) == int:
back = name + '[' + str(i) + ']'
elif type(i) == str:
m = i.find('.')
n1 = i[0:m]
n2 = i[m+1:]
back = name + '[' + n1 + ':' + n2 + ']'
return back
def pretrans(name, i):
if type(i) == int:
back = name + '[' + str(i) + ']'
elif type(i) == str:
m = i.find('.')
n1 = i[0:m]
n2 = i[m+1:]
back = name + '[' + n1 + ':' + n2 + ']'
elif type(i) == list:
back = 'VGroup('
for j in i:
item = pretrans0(name, j) + ','
back += item
back += ')'
return back
def mytrans(a, b, c):
n = 0
ag = 'AnimationGroup('
# range(0, n-1)是错的
for i in c:
n += 1
if n % 2 != 0:
u = pretrans('a', i)
else:
v = pretrans('b', i)
item = f'Transform({u}, {v}),'
ag += item
ag += ')'
agg = eval(ag)
return agg
def check(me, svg):
n = 0
for i in svg:
num = Integer(number=n).scale(0.6).set_color(RED).move_to(i)
n += 1
me.add(num)
me.add(svg.set_opacity(0.5))
me.wait()
me.clear()
def neg(a):
b = Text(a)
neg = Text('-').move_to(b.get_corner(UR)).shift(0.2*RIGHT)
return VGroup(b, neg)
def align(a,b):
l = len(a)
for i in range(0, l):
b[i].set_x(a[i].get_x())
if i > 0:
b[i].set_y(b[0].get_y())
return b
def bond(a):
a[1].set_y(a[0].get_y())
return a
class s9(Scene):
def construct(self):
def para(x, y):
a = Text(y, font="STZhongsong").to_edge(DOWN).scale(0.6)
b = Text(x, font="STZhongsong").to_edge(1.8*DOWN).scale(0.6)
return VGroup(a,b)
def fn(a, b):
n1 = str.find(a.text ,b)
n2 = n1 + len(b)
return a[n1:n2]
class narrator(Text):
def __init__(
self,
*text_parts,
font: str = "STZhongsong",
**kwargs
):
self.font = font
super().__init__(*text_parts,font=font,**kwargs)
self.to_edge(DOWN)
self.scale(0.6)
item2 = Text('②离去基团的影响', font='STZhongsong')
n1 = MarkupText(r'<span font="STZhongsong">离去基团的离去能力强，对</span>S<sub>N</sub>1<span font="STZhongsong">和</span>S<sub>N</sub>2<span font="STZhongsong">反应均有利</span>').to_edge(DOWN).scale(0.6)
li1 = VGroup(neg('F'), Text('<'), neg('Cl'), Text('<'), neg('Br'), Text('<'), neg('I')).set_color_by_gradient(BLUE_A,BLUE_E).arrange(buff=0.8).shift(0.6*RIGHT)
li02 = VGroup(MathTex('10^{-2}'), Text('<'), MathTex('1'), Text('<'), MathTex('50'), Text('<'), MathTex('150')).set_color_by_gradient(BLUE_A,BLUE_E).shift(DOWN)
li2 = align(li1,li02)
note1 = narrator('相对速率').scale(1.2).set_color(BLUE).set_sheen(0.3).next_to(li2, 3*LEFT)
vgli = VGroup(li1,li2,note1)
vgli.save_state()
n2 = narrator('断裂键的键能越小，键就越容易断裂')
n3 = narrator('离去基团的碱性越弱，形成的负离子就越稳定，离去的倾向就越大')
n4 = narrator('这样的基团是好的离去基团')
q1 = bond(Text('C—F'))
q2 = bond(Text('C—Cl'))
q3 = bond(Text('C—Br'))
q4 = bond(Text('C—I'))
li30 = VGroup(q1,Text('>'),q2,Text('>'),q3,Text('>'),q4).set_color_by_gradient(GOLD_E,GOLD_A)
li3 = align(li1,li30).shift(DOWN)
li40 = VGroup(MathTex('485.3'),Text('>'), MathTex('339.0'),Text('>'), MathTex('284.5'),Text('>'), MathTex('217.6')).set_color_by_gradient(GOLD_E,GOLD_A)
li4 = align(li1,li40).shift(2*DOWN)
note2 = narrator('键能/(kJ/mol)').scale(0.8).set_color(GOLD).set_sheen(0.3).next_to(li4, 3*LEFT).set_x(note1.get_x())
vgli2 = VGroup(li3,li4,note2)
li50 = VGroup(Text('HF'),Text('<'),Text('HCl'),Text('<'),Text('HBr'),Text('<'),Text('HI')).set_color_by_gradient(RED_A,RED_E)
li5 = align(li1,li50).shift(DOWN)
note3 = narrator('酸性').scale(1.2).set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.3).next_to(li5, 3*LEFT).set_x(note1.get_x())
li60 = VGroup(neg('F'), Text('>'), neg('Cl'), Text('>'), neg('Br'), Text('>'), neg('I')).set_color_by_gradient(GREEN_E,GREEN_A)
li6 = align(li1,li60).shift(2*DOWN)
note4 = narrator('碱性').scale(1.2).set_color(GREEN).set_sheen(0.3).next_to(li6, 3*LEFT).set_x(note1.get_x())
vgli3 = VGroup(li5,note3)
vgli4 = VGroup(li6,note4)
# check(self,allylic)
# self.wait()
# check(name4)
# self.wait()
# self.clear()
# self.add(li6,note4,li5,note3)
# self.wait()
self.play(GrowFromCenter(item2))
self.wait()
self.play(GrowFromCenter(item2, reverse_rate_function = True))
self.play(DrawBorderThenFill(n1), DrawBorderThenFill(vgli))
self.wait()
self.play(Transform(n1,n2))
self.wait()
self.play(vgli.animate.shift(1.5*UP))
self.play(Write(vgli2))
self.wait()
self.play(FadeOut(vgli2), Transform(n1,n3))
self.play(Write(vgli3))
self.play(Write(vgli4))
self.wait(1.5)
self.play(FadeOut(vgli3), FadeOut(vgli4), Transform(n1, n4))
self.wait()
self.play(Restore(vgli))
self.wait()
self.play(FadeOut(n1,vgli))
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