Property miDebuggerPath&MIMode&setupCommands is not allowed.

将type改为cppdbg就行。

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "opencv debug",
            "type": "cppvsdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": true,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "miDebuggerPath": "S:\\mingw64\\bin\\gdb.exe",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "为 gdb 启用整齐打印",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": false
                }
            ],
            "preLaunchTask": "opencv complier"
        }
    ]
}

Vsdegbug

            "type": "cppvsdbg",

改为DBG

            "type": "cppdbg",