C# 注册快捷键

C# 注册快捷键

一、定义一个快捷键类

class HotKey
{
	//如果函数执行成功，返回值不为0。
	//如果函数执行失败，返回值为0。要得到扩展错误信息，调用GetLastError。
	[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
	public static extern bool RegisterHotKey(
		IntPtr hWnd,        //要定义热键的窗口的句柄
		int id,           //定义热键ID（不能与其它ID重复）      
		KeyModifiers fsModifiers,  //标识热键是否在按Alt、Ctrl、Shift、Windows等键时才会生效
		Keys vk           //定义热键的内容
	);
	[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
	public static extern bool UnregisterHotKey(
		IntPtr hWnd,        //要取消热键的窗口的句柄
		int id           //要取消热键的ID
	);
	//定义了辅助键的名称（将数字转变为字符以便于记忆，也可去除此枚举而直接使用数值）
	[Flags()]
	public enum KeyModifiers
	{
	    None = 0,
	    Alt = 1,
	    Ctrl = 2,
	    Shift = 4,
	    WindowsKey = 8
	}
}

二、定义记录快捷键的通用方法

本例中以C#的TextBox为记录快捷键的载体

private void txtHotKey_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
	int HotKeyValue = 0;
	string HotKeyString = "";
	e.SuppressKeyPress = false;
	e.Handled = true;
	if (e.Modifiers != Keys.None)
	{
		switch (e.Modifiers)
		{
			case Keys.Control:
				HotKeyString += "Ctrl + ";
				HotKeyValue = (int)e.Modifiers;
				break;
			case Keys.Alt:
				HotKeyString += "Alt + ";
				HotKeyValue = (int)e.Modifiers;
				break;
			case Keys.Shift:
				HotKeyString += "Shift + ";
				HotKeyValue = (int)e.Modifiers;
				break;
			case Keys.Control | Keys.Alt:
				HotKeyString += "Ctrl + Alt + ";
				HotKeyValue = (int)e.Modifiers;
				break;
			case Keys.Control | Keys.Shift:
				HotKeyString += "Ctrl + Shift + ";
				HotKeyValue = (int)e.Modifiers;
				break;
			case Keys.Alt | Keys.Shift:
				HotKeyString += "Alt + Shift + ";
				HotKeyValue = (int)e.Modifiers;
				break;
			case Keys.Control | Keys.Alt | Keys.Shift:
				HotKeyString += "Ctrl + Alt + Shift + ";
				HotKeyValue = (int)e.Modifiers;
				break;
		}
		if (e.KeyCode != Keys.None && e.KeyCode != Keys.ControlKey && e.KeyCode != Keys.Menu && e.KeyCode != Keys.ShiftKey)
		{
			HotKeyString += KeyCodeToString(e.KeyCode);
			HotKeyValue += (int)e.KeyCode;
		}
	}
	else
	{
		if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Delete || e.KeyCode == Keys.Back)
		{
			HotKeyString = "无";
			HotKeyValue = -1;
		}
		else if (e.KeyCode != Keys.None)
		{
			HotKeyString = KeyCodeToString(e.KeyCode);
			HotKeyValue = (int)e.KeyCode;
		}
	}
	if (HotKeyValue == 0)
		HotKeyValue = -1;
	TextBox txtHotKey = (TextBox)sender;
	txtHotKey.Text = HotKeyString;
	txtHotKey.Tag = HotKeyValue;
	txtHotKey.SelectionStart = txtHotKey.Text.Length;
}
///
/// 将按键转换成相应字符
///
/// 按键
/// 字符
private string KeyCodeToString(Keys KeyCode)
{
	if (KeyCode >= Keys.D0 && KeyCode <= Keys.D9)
	{
		return KeyCode.ToString().Remove(0, 1);
	}
	else if (KeyCode >= Keys.NumPad0 && KeyCode <= Keys.NumPad9)
	{
		return KeyCode.ToString().Replace("Pad", "");
	}
	else
	{
		return KeyCode.ToString();
	}
}
///
/// 设置按键不响应
///
private void txtHotKey_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
	e.Handled = true;
}
///
/// 释放按键后，若是无实际功能键，则置无
///
private void txtHotKey_KeyUp(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
	CheckHotkey(sender);
}
///
/// 失去焦点后，若是无实际功能键，则置无
///
private void txtHotKey_LostFocus(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
	CheckHotkey(sender);
}
///
/// 检查是否无实际功能键，是则置无
///
private void CheckHotkey(object sender)
{
	TextBox txtHotKey = (TextBox)sender;
	if (txtHotKey.Text.EndsWith(" + ") || String.IsNullOrEmpty(txtHotKey.Text))
	{
		txtHotKey.Text = "无";
		txtHotKey.Tag = -1;
		txtHotKey.SelectionStart = txtHotKey.Text.Length;
	}
}

三、注册快捷键

本例中使用FormActivated方法作为注册快捷键的入口

private void MainForm_Activated(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
  //注册热键Ctrl+Shift+1，Id号为100。HotKey.KeyModifiers.Shift也可以直接使用数字4来表示。
  HotKey.RegisterHotKey(Handle, 100, (int)HotKey.KeyModifiers.Ctrl + HotKey.KeyModifiers.Shift, Keys.D1);
  //注册热键Ctrl+Shift+2，Id号为101。HotKey.KeyModifiers.Ctrl也可以直接使用数字2来表示。
  HotKey.RegisterHotKey(Handle, 101, (int)HotKey.KeyModifiers.Ctrl + HotKey.KeyModifiers.Shift, Keys.D2);
  //注册热键Ctrl+Shift+3，Id号为102。HotKey.KeyModifiers.Ctrl也可以直接使用数字2来表示。
  HotKey.RegisterHotKey(Handle, 102, (int)HotKey.KeyModifiers.Ctrl + HotKey.KeyModifiers.Shift, Keys.D3);
  //注册热键Alt+D，Id号为103。HotKey.KeyModifiers.Alt也可以直接使用数字1来表示。
  HotKey.RegisterHotKey(Handle, 103, HotKey.KeyModifiers.Alt, Keys.D);
}

四、注销快捷键

本例中使用FormClosed方法作为注销快捷键的入口

private void MainForm_FormClosed(object sender, FormClosedEventArgs e)
{
  //注销Id号为100的热键设定
  HotKey.UnregisterHotKey(Handle, 100);
  //注销Id号为101的热键设定
  HotKey.UnregisterHotKey(Handle, 101);// http://ike.126.com
  //注销Id号为102的热键设定
  HotKey.UnregisterHotKey(Handle, 102);
  //注销Id号为103的热键设定
  HotKey.UnregisterHotKey(Handle, 103);
}

五、调用快捷键

重载WndProc函数来调用快捷键

/// 
/// 监视Windows消息
/// 重载WndProc方法，用于实现热键响应
/// 
/// 
protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)
{
  const int WM_HOTKEY = 0x0312;
  //按快捷键 
  switch (m.Msg)
  {
  case WM_HOTKEY:
    switch (m.WParam.ToInt32())
    {
    case 100:  //按下的是Ctrl+Shift+1
      //此处填写快捷键响应代码     
      break;
    case 101:  //按下的是Ctrl+Shift+2
      //此处填写快捷键响应代码
      break;
    case 102:  //按下的是Ctrl+Shift+3
      //此处填写快捷键响应代码
      break;
    case 103:  //按下的是Alt+D
      //此处填写快捷键响应代码
      break;
    }
  break;
  }
  base.WndProc(ref m);
}