作业二
重点 实验一：使用 kickstart 半自动化安装CentOS系统
1.制作应答文件
vim ks7.cfg
install
xconfig --startxonboot
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
rootpw --iscrypted $6$0V7M8ctDRIVNIUTw$uQZ2EtfbtgpaW1MRS3CCMvt9Z145BUlYHchG4wlNCXSFAnm3W81twhWJhNQjl0HAPAxYq0I7lwJThaYkTRXNk0
url --url="http://10.0.0.8/centos/7/os/x86_64"
lang en_US
auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512
text
firstboot --enable
selinux --disabled
skipx
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
firewall --disabled
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=ens33
reboot
timezone Asia/Shanghai --nontp
bootloader --append="crashkernel=auto" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
zerombr
clearpart --all --initlabel
part / --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=102400
part /boot --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=1024
part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=2048
part /data --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=51200
%packages
@^minimal
vim-enhanced
wget
curl
tree
%end
%post
useradd wang
echo centos | passwd --stdin wang
%end
2.制作安装网络源
[root@centos7 ~]#yum -y install httpd;systemctl enable --now httpd
[root@centos7 ~]#mkdir -pv /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64
mkdir: created directory ‘/var/www/html/centos’
mkdir: created directory ‘/var/www/html/centos/7’
mkdir: created directory ‘/var/www/html/centos/7/os’
mkdir: created directory ‘/var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64’
[root@centos7 ~]#mount /dev/sr0 /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@centos7 ~]#ll /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64
total 1666
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 14 Apr 22 01:15 CentOS_BuildTag
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 2048 Apr 21 02:00 EFI
-rw-rw-r-- 3 root root 227 Aug 30 2017 EULA
-rw-rw-r-- 3 root root 18009 Dec 10 2015 GPL
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 2048 Apr 21 02:00 images
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2048 Apr 21 02:00 isolinux
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2048 Apr 21 02:00 LiveOS
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1667072 Apr 21 01:42 Packages
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 22 07:37 repodata
-rw-rw-r-- 3 root root 1690 Dec 10 2015 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
-rw-rw-r-- 3 root root 1690 Dec 10 2015 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 2883 Apr 22 08:55 TRANS.TBL
[root@centos7 ~]#mkdir /var/www/html/ksdir
[root@centos7 ~]#cp ks7.cfg /var/www/html/ksdir
3.安装一个新的系统
3.安装完成验证分区和账户
重点 实验八：实现pxe安装双系统centos6、centos7
1.安装相关软件包并启动
[root@centos8 ~]#dnf -y install dhcp-server tftp-server httpd syslinux-nonlinux
[root@centos8 ~]#systemctl enable --now httpd tftp dhcpd
2.配置DHCP服务
[root@centos8 ~]#vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
#
# DHCP Server Configuration file.
# see /usr/share/doc/dhcp-server/dhcpd.conf.example
# see dhcpd.conf(5) man page
#
option domain-name "magedu.com";
option domain-name-servers 180.76.76.76,223.6.6.6;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
log-facility local7;
subnet 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 10.0.0.100 10.0.0.200;
option routers 10.0.0.2;
next-server 10.0.0.8;
filename "pxelinux.0";
}
[root@centos8 ~]#systemctl start dhcpd
3.准备yum 源和相关目录
[root@centos8 ~]#mkdir -pv /var/www/html/centos/{6,7}/os/x86_64/
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos'
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos/6'
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos/6/os'
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64/'
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos/7'
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos/7/os'
mkdir: created directory '/var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64/'
[root@centos8 ~]#mount /dev/sr0 /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64/
mount: /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only.
[root@centos8 ~]#ll /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64/
total 1666
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 14 Apr 22 01:15 CentOS_BuildTag
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 2048 Apr 21 02:00 EFI
-rw-rw-r-- 3 root root 227 Aug 30 2017 EULA
-rw-rw-r-- 3 root root 18009 Dec 10 2015 GPL
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 2048 Apr 21 02:00 images
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2048 Apr 21 02:00 isolinux
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2048 Apr 21 02:00 LiveOS
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1667072 Apr 21 01:42 Packages
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 22 07:37 repodata
-rw-rw-r-- 3 root root 1690 Dec 10 2015 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
-rw-rw-r-- 3 root root 1690 Dec 10 2015 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 2883 Apr 22 08:55 TRANS.TBL
[root@centos8 ~]#mount /dev/sr1 /var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64/
mount: /var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only.
[root@centos8 ~]#ll /var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64/
total 566
-r--r--r-- 2 root root 14 Jun 29 2018 CentOS_BuildTag
dr-xr-xr-x 3 root root 2048 Jun 30 2018 EFI
-r--r--r-- 2 root root 212 Nov 27 2013 EULA
-r--r--r-- 2 root root 18009 Nov 27 2013 GPL
dr-xr-xr-x 3 root root 2048 Jun 30 2018 images
dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 2048 Jun 30 2018 isolinux
dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 536576 Jun 30 2018 Packages
-r--r--r-- 2 root root 1363 Jun 29 2018 RELEASE-NOTES-en-US.html
dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 30 2018 repodata
-r--r--r-- 2 root root 1706 Nov 27 2013 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
-r--r--r-- 2 root root 1730 Nov 27 2013 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Debug-6
-r--r--r-- 2 root root 1730 Nov 27 2013 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Security-6
-r--r--r-- 2 root root 1734 Nov 27 2013 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-6
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 3380 Jun 30 2018 TRANS.TBL
4.准备kickstart文件
[root@centos8 ~]#mkdir /var/www/html/ks/
[root@centos8 ~]#vim /var/www/html/ks/centos6.cfg
install
text
reboot
url --url=http://10.0.0.8/centos/6/os/x86_64/
lang en_US.UTF-8
keyboard us
network --onboot yes --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp --noipv6
rootpw --iscrypted $6$j9YhzDUnQVnxaAk8$qv7rkMcPAEbV5yvwsP666DXWYadd3jYjkA9fpxAo9qYotjGGBUclCGoP1TRvgHBpqgc5n0RypMsPTQnVDcpO01
firewall --disabled
authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
selinux --disabled
timezone Asia/Shanghai
bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append="crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet"
zerombr
clearpart --all --initlabel
part /boot --fstype=ext4 --size=1024
part / --fstype=ext4 --size=50000
part /data --fstype=ext4 --size=30000
part swap --size=2048
%packages
@core
@server-policy
@workstation-policy
autofs
vim-enhanced
%end
%post
useradd wang
echo magedu | passwd --stdin wang &> /dev/null
mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo <<EOF
[base]
name=base
baseurl=file:///misc/cd
gpgcheck=0
EOF
%end
[root@centos8 ~]#vim /var/www/html/ks/centos7.cfg
install
xconfig --startxonboot
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
rootpw --iscrypted $6$0V7M8ctDRIVNIUTw$uQZ2EtfbtgpaW1MRS3CCMvt9Z145BUlYHchG4wlNCXSFAnm3W81twhWJhNQjl0HAPAxYq0I7lwJThaYkTRXNk0
url --url="http://10.0.0.8/centos/7/os/x86_64"
lang en_US
auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512
text
firstboot --enable
selinux --disabled
skipx
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
firewall --disabled
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0
reboot
timezone Asia/Shanghai --nontp
bootloader --append="crashkernel=auto" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
zerombr
clearpart --all --initlabel
part / --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=102400
part /boot --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=1024
part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=2048
part /data --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=51200
%packages
@^minimal
vim-enhanced
wget
curl
tree
%end
%post
useradd wang
echo centos | passwd --stdin wang
%end
5.准备PXE启动相关文件
[root@centos8 ~]#mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/centos{6,7}
[root@centos8 ~]#cp /var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64/isolinux/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/centos6
[root@centos8 ~]#cp /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64/isolinux/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/centos7
[root@centos8 ~]#cp /usr/share/syslinux/{pxelinux.0,menu.c32} /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@centos8 ~]#mount /dev/sr2 /misc
mount: /misc: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only.
[root@centos8 ~]#ll /misc
total 12
dr-xr-xr-x 4 root root 2048 Jan 4 2020 AppStream
dr-xr-xr-x 4 root root 2048 Jan 4 2020 BaseOS
dr-xr-xr-x 3 root root 2048 Jan 4 2020 EFI
dr-xr-xr-x 3 root root 2048 Jan 4 2020 images
dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 2048 Jan 4 2020 isolinux
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 87 Jan 4 2020 media.repo
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 664 Jan 4 2020 TRANS.TBL
[root@centos8 ~]#cp /misc/isolinux/{ldlinux.c32,libcom32.c32,libutil.c32} /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@centos8 ~]#vim /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
default menu.c32
timeout 600
menu title Install CentOS Linux
label linux7
menu label Auto Install CentOS Linux ^7
kernel centos7/vmlinuz
append initrd=centos7/initrd.img ks=http://10.0.0.8/ks/centos7.cfg
label linux6
menu label Auto Install CentOS Linux ^6
kernel centos6/vmlinuz
append initrd=centos6/initrd.img ks=http://10.0.0.8/ks/centos6.cfg
label local
menu default
menu label Boot from ^local drive
localboot 0xffff
[root@centos8 ~]#tree /var/lib/tftpboot
/var/lib/tftpboot
├── centos6
│ ├── initrd.img
│ └── vmlinuz
├── centos7
│ ├── initrd.img
│ └── vmlinuz
├── ldlinux.c32
├── libcom32.c32
├── libutil.c32
├── menu.c32
├── pxelinux.0
└── pxelinux.cfg
└── default
3 directories, 10 files
6.安装系统centos6
7.安装系统centos7
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