a、条件
select * from 表 where id > 1 and name != 'tom' and num = 12; select * from 表 where id between 5 and 16; select * from 表 where id in (11,22,33) select * from 表 where id not in (11,22,33) select * from 表 where id in (select nid from 表)b、通配符 select * from 表 where name like 'ale%' - ale开头的所有(多个字符串) select * from 表 where name like 'ale_' - ale开头的所有(一个字符)c、限制 select * from 表 limit 5; - 前5行 select * from 表 limit 4,5; - 从第4行开始的5行(不包括第4行) select * from 表 limit 5 offset 4 - 从第4行开始的5行(不包括第4行)d、排序 select * from 表 order by 列 asc - 根据 “列” 从小到大排列 select * from 表 order by 列 desc - 根据 “列” 从大到小排列 select * from 表 order by 列1 desc,列2 asc - 根据 “列1” 从大到小排列,如果相同则按列2从小到大排序e、分组 select num from 表 group by num select num,nid from 表 group by num,nid select num,nid from 表 where nid > 10 group by num,nid order nid desc select num,nid,count(*),sum(score),max(score),min(score) from 表 group by num,nid #count(*)的意思是以num和nid为查找条件,2个条件的值不同时重复的条目的数量。另外,因为查找条件是num和nid,所以后面group by 分组时也要按2个条件分组,不能只group by num 或只group by nid select num from 表 group by num having max(id) > 10 #对聚合条件进行查找,不再使用where 而是 having 特别的:group by 必须在where之后,order by之前f、连表 无对应关系则不显示 select A.num, A.name, B.name from A,B Where A.nid = B.nid 示例:

无对应关系则不显示 select A.num, A.name, B.name from A inner join B on A.nid = B.nid
A表所有显示,如果B中无对应关系,则值为null select A.num, A.name, B.name from A left join B on A.nid = B.nid
B表所有显示,如果B中无对应关系,则值为null select A.num, A.name, B.name from A right join B on A.nid = B.nidg、联合 联合,自动去除重复的值 select nickname from A union select name from B 联合,不处理重复的值 select nickname from A union all select name from B
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