nginx与lua开发
Lua及基础语法
Nginx与Lua环境
场景:用Nginx结合Lua实现代码的灰度发布
1、Lua
是一个简洁、轻量、可扩展的脚本语言
2、Nginx+Lua优势
充分的结合Nginx的并发处理epoll优势和Lua的轻量
实现简单的功能切高并发的场景。
Lua的基础语法
变量
-
a=[[alo123"]]
-
a=‘alo\n123"’
-
a=’\97lo\10\04923"’
布尔类型只有nil和false,数字0,空字符串(’ \0’)都是true
lua中的变量如果没有特殊说明,全是全局变量
while循环语句 和 for循环语句
sum=0
num=1
while num<=100 do
sum=sum+num
num=num+1
end
print("sum=",sum)
lua没有++或是+=这样的操作
for循环
sum=0
for i=1 100 do
sum=sum+i
end
if-else判断语句
if age==40 and sex=="male" then
print("大于40男人")
elseif age>40 and sex~="female" then
print("大于60非女人")
else
local age=io.read()
print("Your age is"..age) #字符串的拼接操作符
end
教程 https://www.runoob.com/lua/lua-tutorial.html
Nginx+Lua环境部署
参考https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38974634/article/details/81625075
1、LuaJIT
wget http://luajit.org/download/LuaJIT-2.0.2.tar.gz tar -zxvf LuaJIT-2.0.2.tar.gz cd LuaJIT-2.0.2 make install PREFIX=/usr/local/LuaJIT /etc/profile 文件中加入环境变量 export LUAJIT_LIB=/usr/local/lib export LUAJIT_INC=/usr/local/include/luajit-2.0
2、ngx_devel_kit和lua-nginx-module
cd /opt/download wget https://github.com/simpl/ngx_devel_kit/archive/v0.3.0.tar.gz wget https://github.com/openresty/lua-nginx-module/archive/v0.10.9rc7.tar.gz 分别解压,等待被添加安装
3、重新编译Nginx
下载nginx的源码包 cd /data wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz;cd nginx-1.12.1 安装依赖 yum install openssl openssl-devel -y yum install zlib zlib-devel -y yum install pcre-devel –y 编译 ./configure --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --modules-path=/usr/lib64/nginx/modules --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-compat --with-file-aio --with-threads --with-http_addition_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_slice_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_v2_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-stream --with-stream_realip_module --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -fPIC' --with-ld-opt='-Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -pie' --add-module=/data/ngx_devel_kit-0.3.0 --add-module=/data/lua-nginx-module-0.10.9rc7 make && make install echo "/usr/local/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf ldconfig 执行此 命令后,nginx -V 看下参数
测试Lua
# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf 加入下面的location
server {
listen 80;
server_name web01.fadewalk.com;
location /lua {
set $test "hello,world";
content_by_lua '
ngx.header.content_type="text/plain"
ngx.say(ngx.var.test)';
}
}

Nginx调用lua模块指令
Nginx的可插拔模块化加载执行,共11个处理阶段
set_by_lua 设置nginx变量,可以实现复杂的赋值逻辑
set_by_lua_file
access_by_lua 请求访问阶段处理,用于访问控制
access_by_lua_file
content_by_lua 内容处理器,接收请求处理并输出响应
content_by_lua_file
ngx.var nginx变量
ngx.req.get headers 获取请求头
ngx.req.get_uri_args 获取url请求参数
ngx.redirect 重定向
ngx.print 输出响应内容体
ngx.say 通ngx.print,但是会最后输出一个换行符
ngx.header 输出响应头
灰度发布
- 按照一定的关系区别,分部分的代码进行上线,使代码的发布能平滑过渡上线。
- 用户的信息cookie等信息区别
- 根据用户的ip地址
dep.conf 配置
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
access_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main;
location /hello {
default_type 'text/plain';
content_by_lua 'ngx.say("hello, lua")';
}
location /myip {
default_type 'text/plain';
content_by_lua '
clientIP = ngx.req.get_headers()["x_forwarded_for"]
ngx.say("IP:",clientIP)
';
}
location / {
default_type "text/html";
content_by_lua_file /opt/app/lua/dep.lua;
#add_after_body "$http_x_forwarded_for";
}
location @server{
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:9090;
}
location @server_test{
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 404 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
}
dep.lua配置
clientIP = ngx.req.get_headers()["X-Real-IP"]
if clientIP == nil then
clientIP = ngx.req.get_headers()["x_forwarded_for"]
end
if clientIP == nil then
clientIP = ngx.var.remote_addr
end
local memcached = require "resty.memcached"
local memc, err = memcached:new()
if not memc then
ngx.say("failed to instantiate memc: ", err)
return
end
local ok, err = memc:connect("127.0.0.1", 11211)
if not ok then
ngx.say("failed to connect: ", err)
return
end
local res, flags, err = memc:get(clientIP)
ngx.say("value key: ",res,clientIP)
if err then
ngx.say("failed to get clientIP ", err)
return
end
if res == "1" then
ngx.exec("@server_test")
return
end
ngx.exec("@server")

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