11.12

实验13：享元模式

本次实验属于模仿型实验，通过本次实验学生将掌握以下内容：

1、理解享元模式的动机，掌握该模式的结构；

2、能够利用享元模式解决实际问题。

 

[实验任务一]：围棋

设计一个围棋软件，在系统中只存在一个白棋对象和一个黑棋对象，但是它们可以在棋盘的不同位置显示多次。

实验要求：

1、类图

 

 

2、源代码

①、BlackIgoChessman.java

package org.example.shiyanshisan;

public class BlackIgoChessman extends IgoChessman{

    @Override
    public String getColor() {
        return "黑色";
    }
}

 

②、WhiteIgoChessman.java

package org.example.shiyanshisan;

public class WhiteIgoChessman extends IgoChessman{

    @Override
    public String getColor() {
        return "白色";
    }
}

 

③、IgoChessman.java

package org.example.shiyanshisan;

public abstract class IgoChessman {
    public abstract String getColor();
    public void locate(Coordinates coordinates){
        System.out.println("棋子颜色:"+this.getColor()+",棋子位置：("+coordinates.getX()+","+coordinates.getY()+")");
    }
}

 

④、IgoChessmanFactory.java

package org.example.shiyanshisan;

import java.util.Hashtable;

public class IgoChessmanFactory {
    private static IgoChessmanFactory instance=new IgoChessmanFactory();
    private static Hashtable ht;
    public IgoChessmanFactory(){
        ht=new Hashtable();
        IgoChessman black,white;
        black=new BlackIgoChessman();
        ht.put("b",black);
        white=new WhiteIgoChessman();
        ht.put("w",white);
    }
    public static IgoChessmanFactory getInstance()
    {
        return instance;
    }
    public static IgoChessman getIgoChessman(String color){
        return (IgoChessman) ht.get(color);
    }
}

 

 

⑤、Coordinates.java

package org.example.shiyanshisan;

public class Coordinates {
    private int x;
    private int y;
    public Coordinates(int x,int y){
        //TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        this.x=x;
        this.y=y;
    }

    public int getX() {
        return x;
    }

    public void setX(int x) {
        this.x = x;
    }

    public int getY() {
        return y;
    }

    public void setY(int y) {
        this.y = y;
    }
}

 

⑥、Client.java

package org.example.shiyanshisan;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        IgoChessman black1,black2,black3,white1,white2;
        IgoChessmanFactory factory;
        factory=IgoChessmanFactory.getInstance();
        black1=factory.getIgoChessman("b");
        black2=factory.getIgoChessman("b");
        black3=factory.getIgoChessman("b");
        System.out.println("判断前两个黑棋是否相同："+(black1==black2));
        white1=factory.getIgoChessman("w");
        white2=factory.getIgoChessman("w");
        System.out.println("判断后两个白棋是否相同："+(white1==white2));
        black1.locate(new Coordinates(1,1));
        black2.locate(new Coordinates(2,4));
        black3.locate(new Coordinates(2,3));
        white1.locate(new Coordinates(3,5));
        white2.locate(new Coordinates(2,6));
    }
}

 

3、运行结果