目录操作练习

[root@localhost ~]# cd /tmp
[root@localhost tmp]# mkdir test
[root@localhost tmp]# mkdir test1/test2/test3/test4
mkdir: 无法创建目录 “test1/test2/test3/test4”: 没有那个文件或目录
[root@localhost tmp]# mkdir -p test1/test2/test3/test4
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -l
总计 16
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 10-09 17:56 test
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 10-09 17:57 test1
[root@localhost tmp]# mkdir -m 711 test2
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -l
总计 24
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 10-09 17:56 test
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 10-09 17:57 test1
drwx--x--x 2 root root 4096 10-09 18:00 test2
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -R
.:
test  test1  test2

./test:

./test1:
test2

./test1/test2:
test3

./test1/test2/test3:
test4

./test1/test2/test3/test4:

./test2:
[root@localhost tmp]#
[root@localhost tmp]# rmdir test
[root@localhost tmp]# rmdir test1
rmdir: test1: 目录非空
[root@localhost tmp]# rmdir -p test1/test2/test3/test4
[root@localhost tmp]# ll
总计 8
drwx--x--x 2 root root 4096 10-09 18:00 test2
[root@localhost tmp]#
[root@localhost tmp]# echo $PATH
/usr/kerberos/sbin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
[root@localhost tmp]# su - stu
[stu@localhost ~]$ echo $PATH
/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/home/stu/bin
[stu@localhost ~]$ su root
口令：
[root@localhost stu]# cd ~
[root@localhost ~]# cp -i ~/.bashrc /tmp/bashrc
[root@localhost ~]# cp -i ~/.bashrc /tmp/bashrc
cp：是否覆盖“/tmp/bashrc”? n
[root@localhost ~]# cd /tmp
[root@localhost tmp]# cp /var/log/wtmp .
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
wtmp
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -l /var/log/wtmp wtmp
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root utmp 173952 10-09 18:23 /var/log/wtmp
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 173952 10-09 18:24 wtmp
[root@localhost tmp]# cp -a /var/log/wtmp wtmp_2
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -l /var/log/wtmp wtmp_2
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root utmp 173952 10-09 18:23 /var/log/wtmp
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root utmp 173952 10-09 18:23 wtmp_2
[root@localhost tmp]# cp /etc/ /tmp
cp: 略过目录 “/etc/”
[root@localhost tmp]# cp -r /etc/ /tmp
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -l bashrc
ls: bashrc: 没有那个文件或目录
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
etc  wtmp  wtmp_2
[root@localhost tmp]# cp ~/.bashrc /tmp/bashrc
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -l bashrc
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 176 10-09 18:28 bashrc
[root@localhost tmp]# cp -s bashrc bashrc_slink
[root@localhost tmp]# cp -l bashrc bashrc_hlink
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -l bashrc*
-rw-r--r-- 2 root root 176 10-09 18:28 bashrc
-rw-r--r-- 2 root root 176 10-09 18:28 bashrc_hlink
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   6 10-09 18:29 bashrc_slink -> bashrc
[root@localhost tmp]# cp -u ~/.bashrc /tmp/bashrc
[root@localhost tmp]# cp bashrc_slink bashrc_slink_1
[root@localhost tmp]# cp -d bashrc_slink bashrc_slink_2
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -l bashrc bashrc_slink*
-rw-r--r-- 2 root root 176 10-09 18:28 bashrc
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   6 10-09 18:29 bashrc_slink -> bashrc
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 176 10-09 18:31 bashrc_slink_1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   6 10-09 18:31 bashrc_slink_2 -> bashrc
[root@localhost tmp]# cp ~/.bashrc ~/.bash_history /tmp
[root@localhost tmp]# rm -i bashrc
rm：是否删除 一般文件 “bashrc”? y
You have mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@localhost tmp]# rm -i bashrc*
rm：是否删除 一般文件 “bashrc_hlink”? y
rm：是否删除 符号链接 “bashrc_slink”? y
rm：是否删除 一般文件 “bashrc_slink_1”? y
rm：是否删除 符号链接 “bashrc_slink_2”? y
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
etc  wtmp  wtmp_2
[root@localhost tmp]# rmdir /tmp/etc
rmdir: /tmp/etc: 目录非空
[root@localhost tmp]# rm -r /tmp/etc
rm：是否进入目录 “/tmp/etc”? y
rm：是否进入目录 “/tmp/etc/udev”? y
rm：是否删除 一般文件 “/tmp/etc/udev/udev.conf”? y
rm：是否进入目录 “/tmp/etc/udev/makedev.d”? y
rm：是否删除 一般文件 “/tmp/etc/udev/makedev.d/50-udev.nodes”?
[root@localhost tmp]# \rm -r /tmp/etc
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
wtmp  wtmp_2
[root@localhost tmp]# cp ~/.bashrc bashrc
[root@localhost tmp]# mkdir mvtest
[root@localhost tmp]# mv bashrc mvtest
[root@localhost tmp]# mv mvtest mvtest2
[root@localhost tmp]# cp ~/.bashrc bashrc1
[root@localhost tmp]# cp ~/.bashrc bashrc2
[root@localhost tmp]# mv bashrc1 bashrc2 mvtest2
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -l
总计 368
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root   4096 10-09 22:04 mvtest2
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 173952 10-09 18:24 wtmp
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root utmp 173952 10-09 18:23 wtmp_2
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -l /tmp/mvtest2
总计 24
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 176 10-09 22:02 bashrc
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 176 10-09 22:03 bashrc1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 176 10-09 22:04 bashrc2
[root@localhost tmp]#