（登录）Python生成图片验证码
1，生成图片
先安装 pip install Pillow
import random
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImageFilter
# char_length 验证码字母个数
def check_code(width=120, height=30, char_length=4, font_file='Monaco.ttf', font_size=28):
code = []
img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(width, height), color=(255, 255, 255))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB')
def rndChar():
"""
生成随机字母
:return:
"""
if random.randint(0, 9)%2==0:
return str(random.randint(0, 9)) # 加数字
return chr(random.randint(65, 90)) # 加字母
def rndColor():
"""
生成随机颜色
:return:
"""
return (random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255))
# 写文字
font = ImageFont.truetype(font_file, font_size)
for i in range(char_length):
char = rndChar()
code.append(char)
h = random.randint(0, 4)
draw.text([i * width / char_length, h], char, font=font, fill=rndColor())
# 写干扰点
for i in range(40):
draw.point([random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)], fill=rndColor())
# 写干扰圆圈
for i in range(40):
draw.point([random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)], fill=rndColor())
x = random.randint(0, width)
y = random.randint(0, height)
draw.arc((x, y, x + 4, y + 4), 0, 90, fill=rndColor())
# 画干扰线
for i in range(4):
x1 = random.randint(0, width)
y1 = random.randint(0, height)
x2 = random.randint(0, width)
y2 = random.randint(0, height)
draw.line((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill=rndColor())
img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE)
return img, ''.join(code)
from io import BytesIO def image_code(request): '''生成图片验证码''' #调用pillow函数，生成图片 img,code_string=check_code() #把code_string写入session，以便于校验 request.session['image_code']=code_string #给session设置60s超时 request.session.set_expiry(60) #把图片写入内存 stream=BytesIO() img.save(stream,'png') return HttpResponse(stream.getvalue())
def login(request): '''登录''' if request.method=="GET": form=LoginForm return render(request,'login.html',{"form":form}) #获取提交的数据 form=LoginForm(data=request.POST) if form.is_valid(): #验证成功，获取用户名和密码,在数据库中校验 #验证码校验 user_input_code=form.cleaned_data.pop('code') code=request.session.get("image_code","") if code.upper()!=user_input_code.upper(): form.add_error("code","验证码错误") return render(request,'login.html',{'form':form}) #前提：Admin中的字段名=form.cleaned_data的字段名 admin_object=models.Admin.objects.filter(**form.cleaned_data).first() if not admin_object: form.add_error("password","用户名或密码错误") # form.add_error("username","用户名或密码错误") return render(request, 'login.html', {"form": form}) #用户名和密码正确 #网站生成随机字符串；写到用户浏览器的cookie中；写到session中 request.session['info']={'id':admin_object.id,'name':admin_object.username} #session保存7天 request.session.set_expiry(60*60*24*7) return redirect('/admin/list') #输入的数据，检验失败 return render(request, 'login.html', {"form": form})
<div class="form-group"> <label for="id_code">图片验证码</label> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-7"> {{ form.code }} <span style="color: red;">{{ form.code.errors.0 }}</span> </div> <div class="col-xs-5"> <img id="image_code" src="/image/code" style="width: 125px;"> </div> </div> </div>
PS：点击图片验证码，进行刷新
login.html
{% load static %} <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>登录</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1/css/bootstrap.min.css' %}"> <style> .account { width: 400px; border: 1px solid #dddddd; border-radius: 5px; box-shadow: 5px 5px 20px #aaa; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 100px; padding: 20px 40px; } .account h2 { margin-top: 10px; text-align: center; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="account"> <h2>用户登录</h2> <form method="post" novalidate> {% csrf_token %} <div class="form-group"> <label>用户名</label> {{ form.username }} <span style="color: red;">{{ form.username.errors.0 }}</span> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>密码</label> {{ form.password }} <span style="color: red;">{{ form.password.errors.0 }}</span> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="id_code">图片验证码</label> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-7"> {{ form.code }} <span style="color: red;">{{ form.code.errors.0 }}</span> </div> <div class="col-xs-5"> {# 点击图片，刷新图片#} <img id="image_code" src="/image/code" style="width: 125px;" onclick="changeCodeImg()"> </div> </div> </div> <input type="submit" value="登 录" class="btn btn-primary"> </form> </div> <script src="{% static 'js/jquery-3.6.0.min.js' %}"></script> <script src="{% static 'plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1/js/bootstrap.min.js' %}"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function changeCodeImg() { var num = Math.random() ;//生成一个随机数（防止缓存,刷新图片） $("#image_code").attr('src', "/image/code?num="+num); } </script> </body> </html>
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