Spring相关笔记
1.建立一个项目
2.添加spring支持
3.配置xml
<!-- 配置servlet分发器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<!-- 进入springmvc框架的匹配规则,可以用/ /xxx/* *.xxx 禁止使用/* -->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
4.在WEB-INF下建立文件{servlet名字}-servlet.xml
配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 启动包扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.james.controller"/>
<!-- 处理静态资源 -->
<mvc:resources location="/static/" mapping="/static/**"/>
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
<bean id="jspViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
<!-- 配置文件上传-->
<bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- one of the properties available; the maximum file size in bytes -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="-1"/>
</bean>
</beans>
5.src下建立包com.james.controller(注意启动包扫描的类路径保持一致)
6.在上面包下建立一个类UserController
代码如下:
package com.james.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String toHello(){
System.out.println("进来了,欢迎光临");
return "success";
}
}
7.在WEB-INF下建立jsp文件夹,里面建立success.jsp文件
8.在浏览器中输入:http://localhost/ASpringMVC/user/hello
能够访问成功页面,后台能够打印“进来了,欢迎光临”,说明配置正确“”
二、页面取值和放值
1页面success.jsp 的form表单
<body>
This is 成功页面 my JSP page. <br>
<form action="user/login3" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="name"><br>
密码:<input type="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
2、UserController代码
package com.james.controller;
import javax.security.auth.message.callback.PrivateKeyCallback.Request;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import com.james.entity.User;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String toHello(){
System.out.println("进来了,欢迎光临");
return "success";
}
//页面拿值放值方式二
@RequestMapping(value="/login",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String login(User user,HttpServletRequest request){//自动封装成一个用户对象,name的名字和User类里的属性名保持一致
System.out.println(user.getName()+":"+user.getPassword());
request.setAttribute("user", user);
return "back_index";
}
//页面拿值方式一
@RequestMapping(value="/login1",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String login(String name,String password){//和表单里name的名字保持一致,否则拿不到值
System.out.println(name+":"+password);
return "back_index";
}
//页面放值之二
@RequestMapping("/login2")
public String login2(String name,String password,ModelMap map){
System.out.println(name);
map.put("name", name);
return "back_index";
}
//页面放值三(放User对象)
@RequestMapping(value="/login3",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String login3(User user,ModelMap map){//自动封装成一个用户对象,name的名字和User类里的属性名保持一致
System.out.println(user.getName()+":"+user.getPassword());
map.put("user", user);
return "back_index";
}
}
3.后台页面back_index.jsp
<body>
This is 后台页面 my JSP page. <br>
${user.name}
<%-- ${name} --%>
</body>
三、跳转
服务端跳转:
@RequestMapping("/testForWard")
public String forWord(){
System.out.println("进入testForward");
return "forward:/user/hello";
}
客户端跳转:
@RequestMapping("/testForWard")
public String forWord(){
System.out.println("进入testForward");
return "redirect:/user/success";
}
客户端跳转和服务端跳转的区别:
1.使用客户端跳转时,浏览器的地址是目标资源的url
使用服务端跳转,浏览器的地址不会显示目标资源的url
2.服务器端跳转是由客户端发送一个请求,请求服务器资源--jsp和servlet,
这个资源又讲请求转到另一个服务器资源,然后再给客户端发送响应,也就是说,
客户端发送一个请求,服务端给出一个响应。
客户端跳转,同样是客户端发送一个请求给服务器资源,这个服务器资源首先给客户端一个响应,
然后客户端再根据响应中的所包含url地址,再此向服务端发送请求,也就是说:客户端跳转是:两次请求,两次响应。
四、解决乱码问题
web.xml配置
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
五、文件上传
导入文件上传的两个包:commons-fileupload-1.3.1.jar 和commons-io-2.4.jar
1.springmvc-servlet.xml
<!-- 网络路径对应添加 -->
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd<mvc:annotation-driven />
2.upload.jsp页面
<body>
This is my JSP page. <br>
<form action="user/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
姓名:<input type="text" name="name">
密码:<input type="password" name="password">
个人照片:<input type="file" name="upload">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
3.UserServlet.class 里添加方法upload
@RequestMapping(value="/upload",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String upload(User user,@RequestParam("upload")MultipartFile upload,HttpServletRequest request) throws IllegalStateException, IOException{
System.out.println(user.getName()+" :"+user.getPassword());
String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("static/myupload");
System.out.println("文件夹路径:"+path);
System.out.println(upload.getOriginalFilename());
upload.transferTo(new File(path+"/"+upload.getOriginalFilename()));
request.getSession().setAttribute("filepath", "static/myupload"+"/"+upload.getOriginalFilename());
return "xxx";
}
4.xxx.jsp
<body>
This is xxxxxmy JSP page. <br>
<%=basePath%>${filepath}
<img alt="" src="<%=basePath%>${filepath}"><br>
</body>