The Motor Car

原文：

There are now over 700 million motor vehicles in the world — and the number is rising by more than 40 million each year.

结构分析：

主句结构：
👉 There are + now + over 700 million motor vehicles + in the world

There are：存在句（there be 句型）

now：时间状语

over 700 million motor vehicles：主语补足语（真正主语）

in the world：地点状语

→ 句型： There be 句型（表示存在）

并列句结构：
第二部分用 and 连接：
👉 the number is rising by more than 40 million each year

the number：主语

is rising：谓语（现在进行时）

by more than 40 million each year：方式/程度状语

翻译：

现在世界上已有超过7亿辆机动车——而且这个数字每年还在以超过4000万辆的速度增长。

🅑 句2

原文：

The average distance driven by car users is growing too — from 8 km a day per person in western Europe in 1965 to 25 km a day in 1995.

结构分析：

主句：
👉 The average distance driven by car users is growing too

The average distance：主语

driven by car users：过去分词短语作定语（= the average distance which is driven by car users）

is growing：谓语（现在进行时）

too：副词，表示“也在增长”

介词短语 from ... to ... 表示变化范围：
👉 from 8 km a day per person in western Europe in 1965 to 25 km a day in 1995

翻译：

汽车使用者的平均行驶距离也在增长——从1965年西欧每人每天8公里上升到1995年的25公里。

🅒 句3

原文：

This dependence on motor vehicles has given rise to major problems, including environmental pollution, depletion of oil resources, traffic congestion and safety.

结构分析：

主句：
👉 This dependence on motor vehicles has given rise to major problems

This dependence on motor vehicles：主语（“对机动车的依赖”）

has given rise to：谓语动词短语（意为“引起，导致”）

major problems：宾语

补充说明（including...）：
👉 including environmental pollution, depletion of oil resources, traffic congestion and safety

including：介词（“包括”）

后面是列举的四个问题名词短语

翻译：

这种对机动车的依赖引发了重大问题，包括环境污染、石油资源枯竭、交通拥堵以及安全问题。

🧩 总结结构：
句序 主体结构 核心语法类型 关键词
① There are... 存在句 (There be) + 并列句 now, over 700 million, rising
② The average distance... 主系表句（be + growing）+ 定语从句化简 driven by..., from...to...
③ This dependence... 主谓宾句 + 介词补语（including...） has given rise to, including