JavaSE基础知识分享(三)相关练习题

写在前面

大家前面的面向对象部分学的怎么样了,快来看看这些题你能不能快速地写出答案,面向对象在Java中是非常重要的,快来检测你的薄弱点在哪,及时查漏补缺!

使用面向对象思想编写下列题目:

1.使用面向对象的思想,编写自定义描述狗的信息。设定属性包括:品种,年龄,心情,名字;方法包括:叫,跑。
要求:
1)设置属性的私有访问权限,通过公有的 get,set 方法实现对属性的访问
2)限定心情只能有“心情好”和“心情不好”两种情况,如果无效输入进行提示, 默认设置“心情好”。
3)设置构造函数实现对属性赋值
4)叫和跑的方法,需要根据心情好坏,描述不同的行为方式。
5)编写测试类,测试狗类的对象及相关方法(测试数据信息自定义)
运行效果图:

代码参考:

class Dog {
    private String kind;
    private int age;
    private String mod;
    private String name;

    public Dog() {
    }

    public Dog(String kind, int age, String mod, String name) {
        this.kind = kind;
        this.age = age;
        this.mod = mod(mod);
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getKind() {return kind;}

    public void setKind(String kind) {this.kind = kind;}

    public int getAge() {return age;}

    public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}

    public String getMod() {return mod;}

    public void setMod(String mod) {this.mod = mod;}

    public String getName() {return name;}

    public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}

    public void show() {
        System.out.println("名字叫" + name + "年龄" + age + "岁的" + kind + "犬" + mod + ",");
    }

    private String mod(String mod) {
        if (mod == null || (!mod.equals("心情很好") && !mod.equals("心情不好"))) {
            mod = "心情很好";
            System.out.println("输入信息错误,这只狗狗今天" + mod + "!");
        }
        return mod;
    }

    public void run() {
        if (this.mod.equals("心情很好")) {
            System.out.println("名字叫" + this.name + "的" + this.kind + "犬" + this.mod + ",开心的围着主人身边转");
        } else if (this.mod.equals("心情不好")) {
            System.out.println("名字叫" + this.name + "的" + this.kind + "犬" + this.mod + ",伤心的一动不动");
        }
    }

    public void woof() {
        if (this.mod.equals("心情很好")) {
            System.out.println("名字叫" + this.name + "的" + this.kind + "犬" + this.mod + ",开心的汪汪叫");
        } else if (this.mod.equals("心情不好")) {
            System.out.println("名字叫" + this.name + "的" + this.kind + "犬" + this.mod + ",伤心的呜呜叫");
        }
    }
}

class Test1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Dog d1 = new Dog("贵宾", 1, "哈哈哈", "甜心");
        Dog d2 = new Dog("贵宾", 1, "心情很好", "甜心");
        d2.run();
        d2.woof();
        System.out.println("========================================");
        Dog d3 = new Dog("德国牧羊", 1, "心情不好", "太子");
        d3.run();
        d3.woof();
        System.out.println("========================================");
        d2.show();
        d3.show();
    }
}

2.以面向对象的思想,编写自定义类描述IT从业者。设定属性包括:姓名,年龄,技术方向,工作年限, 工作单位和职务;方法包括:工作。
要求:
1)设置属性的私有访问权限,通过公有的 get,set 方法实现对属性的访问
2)限定 IT 从业人员必须年满 15 岁,无效信息需提示,并设置默认年龄为 15。
3)限定“技术方向”是只读属性(只提供 get 方法)
4)工作方法通过输入参数,接收工作单位和职务,输出个人工作信息
5)编写测试类,测试 IT 从业者类的对象及相关方法(测试数据信息自定义)
运行效果图:

代码参考:

class ItPractitioners {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String technicalDirection;
    private int workYear;
    private String workplace;
    private String office;

    public ItPractitioners() {
    }

    public ItPractitioners(String name, int age, int workYear, String technicalDirection) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age(age);
        this.workYear = workYear;
        this.technicalDirection = technicalDirection;
    }

    public ItPractitioners(String name, int age, int workYear, String technicalDirection, String workplace, String office) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age(age);
        this.workYear = workYear;
        this.technicalDirection = technicalDirection;
        this.workplace = workplace;
        this.office = office;
    }

    public String getName() {return name;}

    public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}

    public int getAge() {return age;}

    public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}

    public String getTechnicalDirection() {return technicalDirection;}

    private void setTechnicalDirection(String technicalDirection) {this.technicalDirection = technicalDirection;}

    public int getWorkYear() {return workYear;}

    public void setWorkYear(int workYear) {this.workYear = workYear;}

    public String getWorkplace() {return workplace;}

    public void setWorkplace(String workplace) {this.workplace = workplace;}

    public String getOffice() {return office;}

    public void setOffice(String office) {this.office = office;}

    private int age(int age) {
        if (age < 15) {
            System.out.println("年龄信息无效!已修改默认年龄为15");
            age = 15;
        }
        return age;
    }

    public void work(String workplace, String office) {
        System.out.println("姓名:" + this.name);
        System.out.println("年龄:" + this.age);
        System.out.println("技术方向:" + this.technicalDirection);
        System.out.println("工作年限:" + this.workYear);
        System.out.println("目前就职于:" + workplace);
        System.out.println("职务是:" + office);
    }
}

class Test2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ItPractitioners i1 = new ItPractitioners("马未龙", 35, 10, "数据库维护");
        i1.work("腾讯实业", "数据库维护工程师");
        System.out.println("===========================================");
        ItPractitioners i2 = new ItPractitioners("张凯", 14, 1, "Java开发");
        i2.work("鼎盛科技", "Java开发工程师");
    }
}

3.以面向对象的思想,编写自定义类描述图书信息。设定属性包括:书名,作者,出版社名,价格;方法包括:信息介绍 show()。
要求:
1)设置属性的私有访问权限,通过公有的 get,set 方法实现对属性的访问
2)限定价格必须大于 10,如果无效进行提示
3)限定作者,书名为只读属性
4)设计构造方法实现对属性赋值
5)信息介绍方法描述图书所有信息
6)编写测试类,测试图书类的对象及相关方法(测试数据信息自定)
运行效果图:

代码参考:

class Book {
    private String bookName;
    private String author;
    private String publishingHouse;
    private double price;

    public Book() {
    }

    public Book(String bookName, String author, String publishingHouse, double price) {
        this.bookName = bookName;
        this.author = author;
        this.publishingHouse = publishingHouse;
        this.price = price(price);
    }

    public String getAuthor() {return author;}

    private void setAuthor(String author) {this.author = author;}

    public String getBookName() {return bookName;}

    private void setBookName(String bookName) {this.bookName = bookName;}

    public String getPublishingHouse() {return publishingHouse;}

    public void setPublishingHouse(String publishingHouse) {this.publishingHouse = publishingHouse;}

    public double getPrice() {return price;}

    public void setPrice(double price) {this.price = price;}

    private double price(double price) {
        if (price <= 10.0) {
            System.out.println("该书的价格小于10元,是本无效的书!默认为10元");
            price = 10.0;
        }
        return price;
    }

    public void show() {
        System.out.println("书名:"+this.bookName);
        System.out.println("作者:"+this.author);
        System.out.println("出版社:"+this.publishingHouse);
        System.out.println("价格:"+this.price);
    }
}

class Test3{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Book b1 = new Book("鹿鼎记","金庸","人民文学出版社",120.0);
        b1.show();
        System.out.println("========================================");
        Book b2 = new Book("绝代双骄","古龙","中国长安出版社",55.5);
        b2.show();
        System.out.println("========================================");
        Book b3 = new Book("鹿鼎记","金庸","人民文学出版社",8.0);
        b3.show();
    }
}

4.某公司要开发名为”我爱购物狂”的购物网站,请使用面向对象的思想设计描述商品信息。
要求:
1)分析商品类别和商品详细信息属性和方法,设计商品类别类和商品详细信息类
2)在商品详细信息类中通过属性描述该商品所属类别
3)设置属性的私有访问权限,通过公有的 get,set 方法实现对属性的访问
4)编写测试类,测试商品类别类和商品详细信息类的对象及相关方法(测试数据 信息自定)
5)创建包 info—存放商品类别类和商品详细信息类,创建包 test—存放测试类参考分析思路:
商品类别类:
属性:类别编号,类别名称商品详细信息类:
属性:商品编号,商品名称,所属类别,商品数量(大于 0),商品价格(大于 0),
方法:盘点的方法,描述商品信息。内容包括商品名称,商品数量,商品价格,现在商品总价以及所属类别信息
运行效果图:

代码参考:

public class ProductCategory {
    private String categoryId;
    private String categoryName;

    public ProductCategory() {
    }

    public ProductCategory(String categoryName, String categoryId) {
        this.categoryName = categoryName;
        this.categoryId = categoryId;
    }

    public String getCategoryName() {return categoryName;}

    public void setCategoryName(String categoryName) {this.categoryName = categoryName;}

    public String getCategoryId() {return categoryId;}

    public void setCategoryId(String categoryId) {this.categoryId = categoryId;}

    public void show(){
        System.out.println("商品类别ID为:"+categoryId+"  对应的类别为:"+categoryName);
    }

}

public class ProductInformation {
    private String productId;
    private String productName;
    private ProductCategory category;
    private int number;
    private double price;

    public ProductInformation() {
    }

    public ProductInformation(String productName, ProductCategory category, int number, double price) {
        this.productName = productName;
        this.category = category;
        this.number = number(number);
        this.price = price(price);
    }

    public ProductInformation(String productId, String productName, ProductCategory category, int number, double price) {
        this.productId = productId;
        this.productName = productName;
        this.category = category;
        this.number = number(number);
        this.price = price(price);
    }

    public String getProductId() {
        return productId;
    }

    public void setProductId(String productId) {
        this.productId = productId;
    }

    public String getProductName() {
        return productName;
    }

    public void setProductName(String productName) {
        this.productName = productName;
    }

    public ProductCategory getCategory() {
        return category;
    }

    public void setCategory(ProductCategory category) {
        this.category = category;
    }

    public int getNumber() {
        return number;
    }

    public void setNumber(int number) {
        this.number = number;
    }

    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(int price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    private int number(int number) {
        if (number < 0) {
            number = 0;
            System.out.println("库存数量异常,请联系管理员");
        }
        return number;
    }

    private double price(double price) {
        if (price < 0.0) {
            price = 0.0;
            System.out.println("输入价格无效!默认为0.0");
        }
        return price;
    }

    public void show1() {
        System.out.println("商品id为:" + productId + " 商品名称为:" + productName + " 所属类别为" + category.getCategoryName() + " 商品数量为:" + number + " 商品价格为:" + price);
    }

    public void show2() {
        System.out.println("商品名称:" + productName);
        System.out.println("所属类别:" + category.getCategoryName());
        System.out.println("商品售价:" + price);
        System.out.println("库存数量:" + number);
        System.out.println("商品总价:" + price * number);
    }

}

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ProductCategory pc1 = new ProductCategory("洗发水", "00001");
        pc1.show();
        System.out.println("========================================");
        ProductInformation pi1 = new ProductInformation("潘婷洗发水400ml",pc1,16,40.5);
        pi1.show1();
        System.out.println("========================================");
        pi1.show2();
        System.out.println("========================================");
        ProductInformation pi2 = new ProductInformation("蜂花洗发水250ml",pc1,-1,11.5);
        pi2.show2();
    }
}

写在最后

之前分享了两个关于测试类的题目,在这里给出参考答案:

/*
    定义一个类Demo,其中定义一个求两个数据和的方法,定义一个测试类Test,进行测试
 */
//3.0写法
class Demo {
    private int a;
    private int b;

    public Demo(int a, int b) {
        this.a = a;
        this.b = b;
    }

    public int getB() {
        return b;
    }

    public void setB(int b) {
        this.b = b;
    }

    public int getA() {
        return a;
    }

    public void setA(int a) {
        this.a = a;
    }

    public int sum() {
        return a + b;
    }
}

class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入两个整数(以空格分隔):");
        int a = sc.nextInt();
        int b = sc.nextInt();
        Demo d1 = new Demo(a, b);
        int sum = d1.sum();
        System.out.println("您输入的两个数的和为:" + sum);
    }
}

/*
    定义一个长方形类,定义 求周长和面积的方法,然后定义一个测试类Test2,进行测试。
 */

class Demo2 {
    private int a;
    private int b;

    public Demo2(int b, int a) {
        this.b = b;
        this.a = a;
    }

    public int getA() {
        return a;
    }

    public void setA(int a) {
        this.a = a;
    }

    public int getB() {
        return b;
    }

    public void setB(int b) {
        this.b = b;
    }

    public int zhouChang() {
        return 2 * (a + b);
    }

    public int mianJi() {
        return a * b;
    }
}

class Test2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入一个矩形的长和宽(长和宽都应该是正整数,以空格分隔):");
        int h = sc.nextInt();
        int w = sc.nextInt();
        Demo2 d1 = new Demo2(h, w);
        int c = d1.zhouChang();
        int s = d1.mianJi();
        System.out.println("您输入的矩阵的周长为:" + c + "\n您输入的矩阵的面积为:" + s);
    }
}

好了,今天的分享到这就结束了,面向对象思想在初学时还是比较难懂的,大家一定要多多练习,查缺补漏,才能把它学好,如果有代码中有问题,欢迎在底下评论留言,代码仅供参考,不代表最终答案!

posted @ 2024-08-07 18:49  ikestu小猪  阅读(52)  评论(0)    收藏  举报