ansible_playbook任务控制

ansible_playbook任务控制：
条件判断when
循环语句with_items
触发器 handlers
标签tags 根据指定的标签执行，调试
包含include
错误忽略ignore_errors
错误处理 changed_when

1.条件判断when
使用（）
变量不使用{{}}

自带的变量名字获取：
ansible servers -i hosts.cfg -m setup

1）示例：当系统为CentOS时复制文件
- hosts: servers
tasks:
- name: change configure file when is CentOS
template: src=./test.test dest=/root
when : ( ansible_distribution == "CentOS" )

命令：ansible-playbook -i hosts.cfg when.yaml

2）示例：hostname包含"iZ2zei0"时复制文件（给特定主机名的主机）
- hosts: servers
tasks:
- name: change configure file when is iZ2zei0*
template: src=./test.test dest=/root
when: ( ansible_fqdn is match ("iZ2zei0*") )

#多个主机名（ 使用或者 or）
- hosts: servers
tasks:
- name: change configure file when is iZ2zei0*
template: src=./test.test dest=/root
when: ( ansible_fqdn is match ("iZ2zei0*") ) or ( ansible_fqdn is match ("ali-*") )

 

2.循环语句with_items
1）示例：使用方法一
- hosts: servers
tasks:
- name: systemctl restart {{ item }}
serverice: name={{ item }} state=restarted
with_items:
- nginx
- php

2）示例：使用方法二
批量创建用户
- hosts: servers
tasks:
- name: Create User
user: name={{ item.name }} group={{ item.group }} state=present
with_items:
- { name: 'test111', group: 'bin'}
- { name: 'test222', group: 'bin'}

命令：ansible-playbook -i hosts.cfg with_items.yaml

 

3.触发器 handlers（所有任务都执行完，最后执行）
notify监控 --> handlers 触发

handlers与tasks同级

1）示例：配置文件改变，则重启nginx服务
- hosts: servers
tasks:
- name: change configure for nginx
template: src=./nginx.conf dest=/root
notify: systemctl restart nginx
handlers:
- name: systemctl restart nginx
service: name=nginx state=restarted

命令：ansible-playbook -i hosts.cfg handlers.yaml

2）示例：配置文件改变，则重启多个服务
- hosts: servers
tasks:
- name: change configure for nginx
template: src=./nginx.conf dest=/root
notify:
- systemctl restart nginx
- systemctl restart php-fpm

handlers:
- name: systemctl restart nginx
service: name=nginx state=restarted
- name: systemctl restart php-fpm
service: name=php-fqm state=restarted

 

4.标签tags 根据指定的标签执行，调试

对一个任务指定一个标签
对一个任务指定多个标签
对多个任务指定一个标签

 

1）示例：执行某个任务
- hosts: servers
tasks:
- name: change configure for nginx
template: src=./nginx.conf dest=/root
notify: systemctl restart nginx
tags: check_nginx_configure
handlers:
- name: systemctl restart nginx
service: name=nginx state=restarted

命令：ansible-playbook -i hosts.cfg tags.yaml -t "check_nginx_configure"

2）示例：除了某个任务都执行（忽略某个任务）

命令：ansible-playbook -i hosts.cfg tags.yaml --skip-tags "check_nginx_configure"

 

5. 包含include(与nginx类似)
1）示例：部分包含
- hosts: servers
tasks:
- name: change configure for nginx
include: include.yaml

2）示例：全包含
- import_playbook: tags.yaml
- import_playbook: with_items.yaml

6. 错误忽略ignore_errors
有报错会终止脚本
加上这个会忽略掉此任务，接着执行下面的
1）示例：
- hosts: servers
tasks:
- name: Shella
shell: /bin/false
ignore_errors: yes
- name: Shellb
shell: ls /root

命令：ansible-playbook -i hosts.cfg ignore_errors.yaml

7.错误处理 changed_when

1）示例：强制执行handlers(不常用)
- hosts: servers
force_handlers: yes
tasks:
- name: change configure for nginx
template: src=./nginx.conf dest=/root
notify: systemctl restart nginx
handlers:
- name: systemctl restart nginx
service: name=nginx state=restarted

2）changed_when发现则执行，否则不继续执行
- hosts: servers
tasks:
- name: change configure for nginx
template: src=./nginx.conf dest=/root
notify: systemctl restart nginx

- name: check configure for nginx
shell: nginx -t
register: check_nginx
changed_when: ( check_nginx.stdout.find('successful') )
handlers:
- name: systemctl restart nginx
service: name=nginx state=restarted

命令：ansible-playbook -i hosts.cfg changed_when.yaml