实验四

#task1_1.c

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 4

int main() {
    int a[N] = {2, 0, 2, 3};          
    char b[N] = {'2', '0', '2', '3'}; 
    int i;

    printf("sizeof(int) = %d\n", sizeof(int));
    printf("sizeof(char) = %d\n", sizeof(char));
    printf("\n");

    for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
        printf("%p: %d\n", &a[i], a[i]);

    printf("\n");

    for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
        printf("%p: %c\n", &b[i], b[i]);
    
    printf("\n");
    
    printf("a = %p\n", a); 
    printf("b = %p\n", b); 

    return 0;
}

Answer:

1.是连续存放的，占用4个字节单元

2.是连续存放的，占用1个字节单元

3.是一样的

#task1_2.c

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 2
#define M 3

int main() {
    int a[N][M] = {{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}};
    char b[N][M] = {{'1', '2', '3'}, {'4', '5', '6'}};
    int i, j;

    for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
        for (j = 0; j < M; ++j)
            printf("%p: %d\n", &a[i][j], a[i][j]);
    
    printf("\n");

    printf("a = %p\n", a);
    printf("a[0] = %p\n", a[0]);
    printf("a[1] = %p\n", a[1]);
    printf("\n");

    for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
        for (j = 0; j < M; ++j)
            printf("%p: %c\n", &b[i][j], b[i][j]);
    printf("\n");

    printf("b = %p\n", b);
    printf("b[0] = %p\n", b[0]);
    printf("b[1] = %p\n", b[1]);
    printf("\n");

    return 0;
}

Answer:

1.是；4个内存字节单元

2.是

3.是；1个内存字节单元

4.是

5.a[0]是第一行第一个元素的地址，a[1]是第二行第一个元素的地址；b[0]和b[1]同理

#task2.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

#define N 80

void swap_str(char s1[N], char s2[N]);
void test1();
void test2();

int main() {
    printf("测试1: 用两个一维维数组，实现两个字符串交换\n");
    test1();

    printf("\n测试: 用二维数组，实现两个字符串交换\n");
    test2();

    return 0;
}

void test1() {
    char views1[N] = "hey, C, I hate u.";
    char views2[N] = "hey, C, I love u.";

    printf("交换前: \n");
    puts(views1);
    puts(views2);

    swap_str(views1, views2);

    printf("交换后: \n");
    puts(views1);
    puts(views2);
}

void test2() {
    char views[2][N] = {"hey, C, I hate u.", "hey, C, I love u."};

    printf("交换前: \n");
    puts(views[0]);
    puts(views[1]);

    swap_str(views[0], views[1]);

    printf("交换后: \n");
    puts(views[0]);
    puts(views[1]);
}

void swap_str(char s1[N], char s2[N]) {
    char tmp[N];

    strcpy(tmp, s1);
    strcpy(s1, s2);
    strcpy(s2, tmp);
}

Answer:

test1中是一维数组，不加[]，实参是地址数，test2中是二位数组，二维数组加一个[]也代表地址数，都可以实行交换，puts同理

#task3_1.c

#include <stdio.h>

#define N 80

int count(char x[]);

int main() {
    char words[N+1];
    int n;

    while(gets(words) != NULL) {
        n = count(words);
        printf("单词数: %d\n\n", n);
    }

    return 0;
}

int count(char x[]) {
    int i;
    int word_flag = 0; 
    int number = 0;  

    for(i = 0; x[i] != '\0'; i++) {
        if(x[i] == ' ')
            word_flag = 0;
        else if(word_flag == 0) {
            word_flag = 1;
            number++;
        }
    }

    return number;
}

#task3_2.c

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 1000

int main() {
    char line[N];
    int word_len;   
    int max_len;    
    int end;        
    int i;

    while(gets(line) != NULL) {
        word_len = 0;
        max_len = 0;
        end = 0;

        i = 0;
        while(1) {
            while(line[i] == ' ') {
                word_len = 0;  
                i++;
            }

            
            while(line[i] != '\0' && line[i] != ' ') {
                word_len++;
                i++;
            }
        
            
            if(max_len < word_len) {
                max_len = word_len;
                end = i;  
            }

            
            if(line[i] == '\0')
                break;
        }

        
        printf("最长单词: ");
        for(i = end - max_len; i < end; ++i)
            printf("%c", line[i]);
        printf("\n\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

#task4.c

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define N 5
  
void input(int x[],int n);
void output(int x[],int n);
double average(int x[],int n);
void bubble_sort(int x[],int n);
  
int main()
{
    int scores[N];
    double ave;
 
    printf("录入%d个分数：\n",N);
    input(scores,N);
 
    printf("\n输出课程分数：\n");
    output(scores,N);

    printf("\n课程分数处理：计算均分、排序...\n");
    ave = average(scores,N);
    bubble_sort(scores,N);

    printf("\n输出课程均分：%.2f\n",ave);
    printf("\n输出课程分数（高->低）：\n");
    output(scores,N);
 
    system("pause");
    return 0;
 }
 
void input(int x[],int n)
 {
    int i;
 
    for(i = 0;i < N;i++)
    scanf("%d",&x[i]);
}
void output(int x[],int n)
 {
    int i;
    for(i = 0;i < n;i++)
    printf("%d ",x[i]);
     
    printf("\n");
 }
 
 double average(int x[],int n)
 {
    int i;
     double s = 0;
    for(i = 0;i < N;i++)
        s = s + x[i];
 
     return s / N;
 
 }
 
 void bubble_sort(int x[],int n)
 {
     int i,j,t;
     for(i = 0;i < N-1;i++)
         for(j = 0;j < N-1-i;j++)
             if(x[j]<x[j+1])
             {
              t = x[j];
                x[j] = x[j+1];
               x[j+1] = t;
            }
 }

#task5.c

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#define N 100
void dec2n(int x,int n);
 
int main()
{
int x;
printf("输入一个十进制整数：");
while(scanf("%d",&x)!= EOF)
{
dec2n(x,2);
dec2n(x,8);
dec2n(x,16);
printf("\n输入一个十进制整数：");
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
void dec2n(int x,int n)
{
int i = 0,remain,k;
char a[N],b[N];
char c[N] = {"0123456789ABCDEF"};
for(;x!=0;)
{    
remain = (int)x % n;
x = x / n;
a[i] = c[remain];
i++;
}
for(;i>=0;i--)
printf("%c",a[i-1]);
printf("\n");
}

#task6.c

#define N 100
#define M 4

void output(int x[][N],int n);
void rotate_to_right(int x[][N],int n);

int main()
{
    int t[][N] = {{21,12,13,24},
                {25,16,47,38},
                {29,11,32,54},
                {42,21,33,10}};
    printf("原始矩阵：\n");
    output(t,M);

    rotate_to_right(t,M);
    printf("变换后矩阵：\n");
    output(t,M);

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

void output(int x[][N],int n)
{
    int i,j;

    for(i = 0;i < n;++i)
        {for(j = 0;j < n;++j)
            printf("%4d",x[i][j]);

    printf("\n");
    }
}

void rotate_to_right(int x[][N],int n)
{
    int i,j;
    int s;
    for(i = 0;i < n;i++)
    {
        s = x[i][3];
        for(j = 4;j!=0;j--)


        x[i][j] = x[i][j-1];

        x[i][0] = s;
    }

}

#task7_1.c

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 80

void replace(char x[], char old_char, char new_char);

int main() {
    char text[N] = "i like interesting things";

    printf("原始文本: \n");
    printf("%s\n", text);

    replace(text, 'i', '*');

    printf("处理后文本: \n");
    printf("%s\n", text);

    return 0;
}


void replace(char x[], char old_char, char new_char) {
    int i;

    for (i = 0; x[i] != '\0'; ++i) 
        if (x[i] == old_char)
            x[i] = new_char;
}

Answer：

1.relace（）实现一个新的符号替代输入者想要替换的字母

#task7_2.c

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 80

int main()
{
    char str[N],ch;
    int i=0;
    printf("输入字符串：");
    gets(str);
    printf("\n输入一个字符：");
    ch=getchar();
    printf("截断处理......\n");
    while(str[i]!='\0')
    {
        if(str[i]==ch)
        {    str[i]='\0';
            break;
        }
        i++;
    }
    str[i]='\0';
    printf("截断处理后字符串：");
    printf("%s",str);
        
    return 0;
 }

#task8.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define N 5
#define M 20
 
void bubble_sort(char str[][M], int n); 
  
int main() {
     char name[][M] = {"Bob", "Bill", "Joseph", "Taylor", "George"};
     int i;
 
     printf("输出初始名单:\n");
     for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
         printf("%s\n", name[i]);
 
     printf("\n排序中...\n");
     bubble_sort(name, N);   
 
     printf("\n按字典序输出名单:\n");
     for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
         printf("%s\n", name[i]);
 
    system("pause");
     return 0;
}
 
void bubble_sort(char str[][M], int n)
{    
     int i,j;
     char tmp[M];
     for(i = 0;i < N-1;i++)
         for(j = 0;j < N-1-i;j++)
             if(strcmp(str[j],str[j+1])>0)
            {
             strcpy(tmp,str[j]);
             strcpy(str[j],str[j+1]);
             strcpy(str[j+1],tmp);}
}

posted @ 2023-04-20 08:55 202283300683陈宏伟阅读(16) 评论(0) 收藏举报

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