httpclient作为客户端调用webservice

1.个人观点

webservice框架有很多，比如axis、axis2、cxf、xFire等等，做服务端和做客户端都可行，个人感觉使用这些框架的好处是减少了对于接口信息的解析，最主要的是减少了对于传递于网络中XML的解析，代价是你不得不在你的框架中添加对于这些框架的依赖。个人观点是：服务端使用这些框架还行，如果做客户端，没必要使用这些框架，只需使用httpclient即可。

2.需求场景

已经拿到对于接口的描述文件WebServiceFromB.wsdl，需要建立客户端进行调用，WebServiceFromB.wsdl内容如下：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<wsdl:definitions targetNamespace="https://webservices.b.com" xmlns:apachesoap="https://xml.apache.org/xml-soap" xmlns:impl="https://webservices.b.com" xmlns:intf="https://webservices.b.com" xmlns:soapenc="https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:wsdl="https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:wsdlsoap="https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:xsd="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> 
<!--WSDL created by Apache Axis version: 1.4 
Built on Apr 22, 2006 (06:55:48 PDT)--> 
 <wsdl:types> 
  <schema targetNamespace="https://webservices.b.com" xmlns="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> 
   <import namespace="https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"/> 
   <complexType name="OrderRequest"> 
    <sequence> 
     <element name="mobile" nillable="true" type="soapenc:string"/> 
     <element name="orderStatus" type="xsd:int"/> 
     <element name="productCode" nillable="true" type="soapenc:string"/> 
    </sequence> 
   </complexType> 
   <complexType name="OrderResponse"> 
    <sequence> 
     <element name="status" type="xsd:int"/> 
    </sequence> 
   </complexType> 
   <complexType name="QueryRequest"> 
    <sequence> 
     <element name="endTime" nillable="true" type="xsd:dateTime"/> 
     <element name="mobile" nillable="true" type="soapenc:string"/> 
     <element name="startTime" nillable="true" type="xsd:dateTime"/> 
    </sequence> 
   </complexType> 
   <complexType name="QueryResponse"> 
    <sequence> 
     <element name="product" nillable="true" type="soapenc:string"/> 
     <element name="status" type="xsd:int"/> 
    </sequence> 
   </complexType> 
  </schema> 
 </wsdl:types> 
   <wsdl:message name="queryRequest"> 
      <wsdl:part name="in0" type="impl:QueryRequest"/> 
   </wsdl:message> 
   <wsdl:message name="orderResponse"> 
      <wsdl:part name="orderReturn" type="impl:OrderResponse"/> 
   </wsdl:message> 
   <wsdl:message name="queryResponse"> 
      <wsdl:part name="queryReturn" type="impl:QueryResponse"/> 
   </wsdl:message> 
   <wsdl:message name="orderRequest"> 
      <wsdl:part name="in0" type="impl:OrderRequest"/> 
   </wsdl:message> 
   <wsdl:portType name="WebServiceFromB"> 
      <wsdl:operation name="order" parameterOrder="in0"> 
         <wsdl:input message="impl:orderRequest" name="orderRequest"/> 
         <wsdl:output message="impl:orderResponse" name="orderResponse"/> 
      </wsdl:operation> 
      <wsdl:operation name="query" parameterOrder="in0"> 
         <wsdl:input message="impl:queryRequest" name="queryRequest"/> 
         <wsdl:output message="impl:queryResponse" name="queryResponse"/> 
      </wsdl:operation> 
   </wsdl:portType> 
   <wsdl:binding name="WebServiceFromBSoapBinding" type="impl:WebServiceFromB"> 
      <wsdlsoap:binding style="rpc" transport="https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/> 
      <wsdl:operation name="order"> 
         <wsdlsoap:operation soapAction=""/> 
         <wsdl:input name="orderRequest"> 
            <wsdlsoap:body encodingStyle="https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="https://webservices.b.com" use="encoded"/> 
         </wsdl:input> 
         <wsdl:output name="orderResponse"> 
            <wsdlsoap:body encodingStyle="https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="https://webservices.b.com" use="encoded"/> 
         </wsdl:output> 
      </wsdl:operation> 
      <wsdl:operation name="query"> 
         <wsdlsoap:operation soapAction=""/> 
         <wsdl:input name="queryRequest"> 
            <wsdlsoap:body encodingStyle="https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="https://webservices.b.com" use="encoded"/> 
         </wsdl:input> 
         <wsdl:output name="queryResponse"> 
            <wsdlsoap:body encodingStyle="https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" namespace="https://webservices.b.com" use="encoded"/> 
         </wsdl:output> 
      </wsdl:operation> 
   </wsdl:binding> 
   <wsdl:service name="WebServiceFromBService"> 
      <wsdl:port binding="impl:WebServiceFromBSoapBinding" name="WebServiceFromB"> 
         <wsdlsoap:address location="https://localhost:8080/services/WebServiceFromB"/> 
      </wsdl:port> 
   </wsdl:service> 
</wsdl:definitions>

3.获取调用报文

1.首先得安装soapUI 4.5.2,安装后打开，截图如下：

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2.右键点击“Projects”创建工程，截图如下：

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3.双击展开左侧创建的工程下所有节点，最后双击“Request 1”节点，在右侧即可拿到soap格式消息，这个就是我们后面作为客户端调用服务端的报文内容，截图如下：

\

拿到的调用order的soap消息为：

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<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soapenv="https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:web="https://webservices.b.com"> 
   <soapenv:Header/> 
   <soapenv:Body> 
      <web:order soapenv:encodingStyle="https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"> 
         <in0 xsi:type="web:OrderRequest"> 
            <mobile xsi:type="soapenc:string" xmlns:soapenc="https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">?</mobile> 
            <orderStatus xsi:type="xsd:int">?</orderStatus> 
            <productCode xsi:type="soapenc:string" xmlns:soapenc="https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">?</productCode> 
         </in0> 
      </web:order> 
   </soapenv:Body> 
</soapenv:Envelope>

拿到的调用query的soap消息为：

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<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soapenv="https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:web="https://webservices.b.com"> 
   <soapenv:Header/> 
   <soapenv:Body> 
      <web:query soapenv:encodingStyle="https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"> 
         <in0 xsi:type="web:QueryRequest"> 
            <endTime xsi:type="xsd:dateTime">?</endTime> 
            <mobile xsi:type="soapenc:string" xmlns:soapenc="https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">?</mobile> 
            <startTime xsi:type="xsd:dateTime">?</startTime> 
         </in0> 
      </web:query> 
   </soapenv:Body> 
</soapenv:Envelope>

4.用httpclient发送soap消息

直接上代码，代码如下：

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import java.nio.charset.Charset; 
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; 
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig; 
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse; 
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; 
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity; 
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient; 
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder; 
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; 
import org.apache.log4j.Logger; 
   
public class HttpClientCallSoapUtil { 
    static int socketTimeout = 30000;// 请求超时时间 
    static int connectTimeout = 30000;// 传输超时时间 
    static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(HttpClientCallSoapUtil.class); 
   
    /**
     * 使用SOAP1.1发送消息
     * 
     * @param postUrl
     * @param soapXml
     * @param soapAction
     * @return
     */ 
    public static String doPostSoap1_1(String postUrl, String soapXml, 
            String soapAction) { 
        String retStr = ""; 
        // 创建HttpClientBuilder 
        HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClientBuilder.create(); 
        // HttpClient 
        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = httpClientBuilder.build(); 
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(postUrl); 
                //  设置请求和传输超时时间 
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom() 
                .setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout) 
                .setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout).build(); 
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig); 
        try { 
            httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8"); 
            httpPost.setHeader("SOAPAction", soapAction); 
            StringEntity data = new StringEntity(soapXml, 
                    Charset.forName("UTF-8")); 
            httpPost.setEntity(data); 
            CloseableHttpResponse response = closeableHttpClient 
                    .execute(httpPost); 
            HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity(); 
            if (httpEntity != null) { 
                // 打印响应内容 
                retStr = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "UTF-8"); 
                logger.info("response:" + retStr); 
            } 
            // 释放资源 
            closeableHttpClient.close(); 
        } catch (Exception e) { 
            logger.error("exception in doPostSoap1_1", e); 
        } 
        return retStr; 
    } 
   
    /**
     * 使用SOAP1.2发送消息
     * 
     * @param postUrl
     * @param soapXml
     * @param soapAction
     * @return
     */ 
    public static String doPostSoap1_2(String postUrl, String soapXml, 
            String soapAction) { 
        String retStr = ""; 
        // 创建HttpClientBuilder 
        HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClientBuilder.create(); 
        // HttpClient 
        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = httpClientBuilder.build(); 
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(postUrl); 
                // 设置请求和传输超时时间 
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom() 
                .setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout) 
                .setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout).build(); 
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig); 
        try { 
            httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", 
                    "application/soap+xml;charset=UTF-8"); 
            httpPost.setHeader("SOAPAction", soapAction); 
            StringEntity data = new StringEntity(soapXml, 
                    Charset.forName("UTF-8")); 
            httpPost.setEntity(data); 
            CloseableHttpResponse response = closeableHttpClient 
                    .execute(httpPost); 
            HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity(); 
            if (httpEntity != null) { 
                // 打印响应内容 
                retStr = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "UTF-8"); 
                logger.info("response:" + retStr); 
            } 
            // 释放资源 
            closeableHttpClient.close(); 
        } catch (Exception e) { 
            logger.error("exception in doPostSoap1_2", e); 
        } 
        return retStr; 
    } 
   
    public static void main(String[] args) { 
        String orderSoapXml = "<?xml version = \"1.0\" ?>" 
                + "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:xsd=\"https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soapenv=\"https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:web=\"https://webservices.b.com\">" 
                + "   <soapenv:Header/>" 
                + "   <soapenv:Body>" 
                + "      <web:order soapenv:encodingStyle=\"https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\">" 
                + "         <in0 xsi:type=\"web:OrderRequest\">" 
                + "            <mobile xsi:type=\"soapenc:string\" xmlns:soapenc=\"https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\">?</mobile>" 
                + "            <orderStatus xsi:type=\"xsd:int\">?</orderStatus>" 
                + "            <productCode xsi:type=\"soapenc:string\" xmlns:soapenc=\"https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\">?</productCode>" 
                + "         </in0>" + "      </web:order>" 
                + "   </soapenv:Body>" + "</soapenv:Envelope>"; 
        String querySoapXml = "<?xml version = \"1.0\" ?>" 
                + "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:xsd=\"https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soapenv=\"https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:web=\"https://webservices.b.com\">" 
                + "   <soapenv:Header/>" 
                + "   <soapenv:Body>" 
                + "      <web:query soapenv:encodingStyle=\"https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\">" 
                + "         <in0 xsi:type=\"web:QueryRequest\">" 
                + "            <endTime xsi:type=\"xsd:dateTime\">?</endTime>" 
                + "            <mobile xsi:type=\"soapenc:string\" xmlns:soapenc=\"https://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\">?</mobile>" 
                + "            <startTime xsi:type=\"xsd:dateTime\">?</startTime>" 
                + "         </in0>" + "      </web:query>" 
                + "   </soapenv:Body>" + "</soapenv:Envelope>"; 
        String postUrl = "https://localhost:8080/services/WebServiceFromB"; 
        //采用SOAP1.1调用服务端，这种方式能调用服务端为soap1.1和soap1.2的服务 
        doPostSoap1_1(postUrl, orderSoapXml, ""); 
        doPostSoap1_1(postUrl, querySoapXml, ""); 
   
        //采用SOAP1.2调用服务端，这种方式只能调用服务端为soap1.2的服务 
        //doPostSoap1_2(postUrl, orderSoapXml, "order"); 
        //doPostSoap1_2(postUrl, querySoapXml, "query"); 
    } 
}

5.总结

优点：

1.使用httpclient作为客户端调用webservice，不用关注繁琐的webservice框架，只需找到SOAP消息格式，添加httpclient依赖就行。

2.使用httpclient调用webservice，建议采用soap1.1方式调用，经测试使用soap1.1方式能调用soap1.1和soap1.2的服务端。

缺点：

唯一的缺点是，你得自己解析返回的XML，找到你关注的信息内容。

 

转自：https://www.2cto.com/kf/201701/583039.html

posted @ 2018-06-01 00:32  N神3  阅读(88)  评论(0)    收藏  举报