helm 部署单节点 mysql 8.0.36
添加 helm 仓库
helm repo add bitnami https://charts.bitnami.com/bitnami
查看 helm 仓库，看看 8.0.36 版本的 mysql 对应哪个版本的 chart 包
helm search repo mysql -l | grep 8.0.36
bitnami 的一般列出来的都挺多的，我一般喜新厌旧
bitnami/mysql 10.2.1 8.0.36 MySQL is a fast, reliable, scalable, and easy t...
bitnami/mysql 10.1.1 8.0.36 MySQL is a fast, reliable, scalable, and easy t...
bitnami/mysql 10.1.0 8.0.36 MySQL is a fast, reliable, scalable, and easy t...
bitnami/mysql 10.0.0 8.0.36 MySQL is a fast, reliable, scalable, and easy t...
bitnami/mysql 9.23.0 8.0.36 MySQL is a fast, reliable, scalable, and easy t...
bitnami/mysql 9.22.0 8.0.36 MySQL is a fast, reliable, scalable, and easy t...
bitnami/mysql 9.21.2 8.0.36 MySQL is a fast, reliable, scalable, and easy t...
bitnami/mysql 9.21.1 8.0.36 MySQL is a fast, reliable, scalable, and easy t...
bitnami/mysql 9.19.1 8.0.36 MySQL is a fast, reliable, scalable, and easy t...
bitnami/mysql 9.19.0 8.0.36 MySQL is a fast, reliable, scalable, and easy t...
bitnami/mysql 9.18.2 8.0.36 MySQL is a fast, reliable, scalable, and easy t...
bitnami/mysql 9.18.0 8.0.36 MySQL is a fast, reliable, scalable, and easy t...
bitnami/mysql 9.17.1 8.0.36 MySQL is a fast, reliable, scalable, and easy t...
bitnami/mysql 9.17.0 8.0.36 MySQL is a fast, reliable, scalable, and easy t...
bitnami/mysql 9.16.4 8.0.36 MySQL is a fast, reliable, scalable, and easy t...
下载 chart 包
helm pull bitnami/mysql --version 10.2.1
tar xf mysql-10.2.1.tgz
cd mysql
修改 values.yml 文件
先备份一下
cp values.yaml{,.bak}
利用
openssl rand 8来生成八个字符的随机内容，这个内容不可读，利用-base64转码变成可读的字符
openssl rand 8 -base64
原配置文件比较长，这里就展示一下我修改过的内容
# 一般 helm 部署的 pod 名字都是 releaseName 开头的，会把整体 pod 名字拉长了
## 直接使用 fullnameOverride 来指定自己想要生成的 pod 名字
fullnameOverride: "mysql-store"
auth:
rootPassword: "10yX81E4E3A="
createDatabase: false
primary:
# 这里是配置 mysql 配置文件的，需要开启 binlog 之类的，自己添加一下就可以了
configuration: |-
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: kubernetes.io/hostname
operator: In
values:
- 192.168.11.198
安装 mysql
store 是我这边使用的 namespace，大家需要替换成自己的
helm install -n store mysql ./ -f values.yaml --create-namespace
返回类似下面的输出，说明 yaml 没有问题
NAME: mysql
LAST DEPLOYED: Mon Jul 29 14:33:06 2024
NAMESPACE: store
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
TEST SUITE: None
NOTES:
CHART NAME: mysql
CHART VERSION: 10.2.1
APP VERSION: 8.0.36
** Please be patient while the chart is being deployed **
Tip:
Watch the deployment status using the command: kubectl get pods -w --namespace store
Services:
echo Primary: mysql-store.store.svc.cluster.local:3306
Execute the following to get the administrator credentials:
echo Username: root
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=$(kubectl get secret --namespace store mysql-store -o jsonpath="{.data.mysql-root-password}" | base64 -d)
To connect to your database:
1. Run a pod that you can use as a client:
kubectl run mysql-store-client --rm --tty -i --restart='Never' --image docker.m.daocloud.io/bitnami/mysql:8.0.36-debian-12-r12 --namespace store --env MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=$MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD --command -- bash
2. To connect to primary service (read/write):
mysql -h mysql-store.store.svc.cluster.local -uroot -p"$MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD"
WARNING: There are "resources" sections in the chart not set. Using "resourcesPreset" is not recommended for production. For production installations, please set the following values according to your workload needs:
- primary.resources
- secondary.resources
+info https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/
创建 pv
因为开启了持久化，所以需要 pv 和 pvc，可以通过下面的命令来查看 pvc 对应的名字，同样的，下面的 pod 名字和 namespace 需要替换成自己的
k describe pod -n store mysql-store-0 | grep ClaimName
我这里直接使用 localpath 的类型来创建 pv，因为 pvc 已经自动创建好了
创建本地目录
mkdir -p /data/k8s-data/mysql-data
chmod 777 /data/k8s-data/mysql-data
- storage 的大小，需要自己评估了，不要盲目的抄
- nodeAffinity 是节点绑定的，可以抄，别全抄，你没有我的节点名称的
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: data-mysql-store-0
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
capacity:
storage: 30Gi
claimRef:
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
name: data-mysql-store-0
namespace: store
hostPath:
path: /data/k8s-data/mysql-data
type: "DirectoryOrCreate"
persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain
nodeAffinity:
required:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: kubernetes.io/hostname
operator: In
values:
- 192.168.11.198
apply yaml 文件，查看 pvc 是否处于 Bound 状态
k get pvc -n store | grep mysql
获取到的是 Bound 状态就没问题了
mysql-store-0 Bound mysql-store-0 30Gi RWO 63s
验证 mysql 版本
进入 mysql 容器
k exec -it -n store mysql-store-0 bash
登录 mysql（helm install 的时候有输出这个命令，拿来直接用就行）
mysql -h mysql-store.store.svc.cluster.local -uroot -p"$MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD"
执行下面的 sql 查看 mysql 版本
SELECT version();
可以看到，mysql 的版本是 8.0.36
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 8.0.36 |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
创建 mysql 备份 job
创建 mysql 备份用户
- 先说一下用户权限问题，我只是起了一个测试使用的，这里只包含了下面两个权限
SELECT：查询权限是肯定要有的，mysqldump 是将查询到的内容转换成 sql 语句LOCK TABLES：锁表备份需要有该权限，如果有 --single-transaction 参数不锁表备份，可以不赋予该权限
-- 创建 backupuser 用户
CREATE USER IF NOT EXISTS 'backupuser'@'%';
-- backupuser 用户配置密码
ALTER USER 'backupuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '6xOVfuAg';
-- backupuser 用户赋权
GRANT SELECT,LOCK TABLES ON *.* TO 'backupuser'@'%';
-- 刷新权限
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
-- 查看用户权限
SHOW GRANTS FOR 'backupuser'@'%';
用户被赋予了
SELECT和LOCK TABLES的权限
+------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for backupuser@% |
+------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT SELECT, LOCK TABLES ON *.* TO `backupuser`@`%` |
+------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
使用备份用户登录，验证用户名密码
mysql -h mysql-store.store.svc.cluster.local -ubackupuser -p6xOVfuAg
创建备份目录持久化
同样使用 hostpath 的方式存储
mkdir -p /data/k8s-data/mysql-back
chmod 777 /data/k8s-data/mysql-back
创建 job
---
apiVersion: batch/v1beta1
kind: CronJob
metadata:
name: mysql-backup
namespace: store
spec:
schedule: "0 17 * * *"
successfulJobsHistoryLimit: 1
failedJobsHistoryLimit: 2
jobTemplate:
spec:
template:
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: mysql-back
operator: Exists
containers:
- name: mysql-backup
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
image: docker.io/bitnami/mysql:8.0.36-debian-12-r12
env:
- name: MYSQL_HOST
value: mysql-store.store.svc.cluster.local
- name: TZ
value: Asia/Shanghai
- name: LANG
value: en_US.UTF-8
command:
- /bin/sh
- -c
- |
set -ex
mysqldump --host=${MYSQL_HOST} --user=backupuser \
--password=6xOVfuAg \
--all-databases --quick \
> /mysql-backup/mysql-$(date +"%Y%m%dT%H_%M_%S").sql && find /mysql-backup/ -type f -mtime +3 -exec rm -rf {} \;
volumeMounts:
- name: mysql-backup
mountPath: /mysql-backup
restartPolicy: OnFailure
volumes:
- name: mysql-backup
hostPath:
path: /data/k8s-data/mysql-back
type: DirectoryOrCreate
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