jQuery基础
jQuery基础
jQuery概述
JQuery是一个兼容多浏览器的javascript库, 核心理念是write less, do more(写得更少, 做得更多). 对javascript进行了封装, 使开发更加便捷, 并且在兼容性方面十分优秀.
jQuery对象
jQuery 对象就是通过jQuery包装DOM对象后产生的对象. jQuery 对象是 jQuery 独有的. 如果一个对象是 jQuery 对象, 那么它就可以使用 jQuery 里的方法: $(“#test”).html();
$("#test").html()
// 意思是指:获取ID为test的元素内的html代码. 其中html()是jQuery里的方法
// 这段代码等同于用DOM实现代码: document.getElementById(" test ").innerHTML;
// 虽然jQuery对象是包装DOM对象后产生的, 但是jQuery无法使用DOM对象的任何方法, 同理DOM对象也不能使用jQuery里的方法.乱使用会报错.
// 约定:如果获取的是jQuery对象, 那么要在变量前面加上$.
var $variable = jQuery 对象
var variable = DOM 对象
$variable[0]:jquery对象转为dom对象 $("#msg").html(); $("#msg")[0].innerHTML
jQuery的基础语法:$(selector).action()
寻找元素(选择器和筛选器)
选择器
基本选择器
$("*")
$("#id")
$(".class")
$("element")
$(".class, p, div")
层级选择器
$(".outer div")
$(".outer>div")
$(".outer+div")
$(".outer~div")
基本筛选器
$("li:first")
$("li:eq(2)") // 等于
$("li:even")
$("li:gt(1)") // 大于
$("li:lt(1)") // 小于
$("li:last")
属性选择器
$('[id="div1"]')
$('["lala="haha"][id]')
表单选择器
$("[type='text']") 等同于 $(":text")
// 注意只适用于input标签: $("input:checked")
筛选器
过滤筛选器
$("li").eq(2)
$("li").first()
$("ul li").hasclass("test")
查找筛选器
$("div").children(".test") $("div").find(".test")
$(".test").next() $(".test").nextAll() $(".test").nextUntil()
$("div").prev() $("div").prevAll() $("div").prevUntil()
$(".test").parent() $(".test").parents() $(".test").parentUntil()
$("div").siblings()
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="div1">hello 1
<div class="div7">hello 8</div>
<div class="div2">hello 2
<div class="div3">hello 3</div>
</div>
<div class="div3">hello 4</div>
<div class="div4">hello 5</div>
<div class="div5">hello 6
<div class="div9">hello 9</div>
</div>
<div class="div6">hello 7</div>
</div>
<p>hihihihihi</p>
</body>
<script>
//children - 只找子代元素, find - 找所有后代元素
// $(".div1").children(".div3").css('color','red');
// $(".div1").find(".div3").css('color','red');
//next - 与它同级的下个元素, nextAll - 与它同级的下面的所有元素, nextUntil - 与它同级的下面到until之前的元素, 不包括until的元素
// $(".div2").next().css('color','red');
// $(".div2").nextAll().css('color','red');
// $(".div2").nextUntil(".div6").css('color','red');
//与next相反
// $(".div2").prev().css('color','red');
// $(".div3").prevAll().css('color','red');
// $(".div2").prevUntil(".div6").css('color','red');
// $(".div2").parent().css('color','red'); //div1内全变红
// $(".div2").parents().css('color','red'); //父级的父级, 全部变红
// $(".div3").parentsUntil(".div1").css('color','red'); //div2内全变红
$(".div2").siblings().css('color','red'); //hello1,2,3没变, 其他都变
</script>
</html>
实例: 左侧菜单
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>left_menu</title>
<style>
.menu{
height: 500px;
width: 30%;
background-color: lemonchiffon;
float: left;
}
.content{
height: 500px;
width: 70%;
background-color: salmon;
float: left;
}
.title{
border: #c0cddf solid 1px;
line-height: 50px;
background-color: #425a66;
color: skyblue;}
.hide{
display: none;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="outer">
<div class="menu">
<div class="item">
<div class="title" onclick="show(this)">菜单一</div>
<div class="con">
<div>111</div>
<div>111</div>
<div>111</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="item">
<div class="title" onclick="show(this)">菜单二</div>
<div class="con hide">
<div>111</div>
<div>111</div>
<div>111</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="item">
<div class="title" onclick="show(this)">菜单三</div>
<div class="con hide">
<div>111</div>
<div>111</div>
<div>111</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="content"></div>
</div>
<script src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script>
// 方式一:
$(".item .title").click(function () {
// $(this).next().removeClass("hide").parent().siblings().children(".con").addClass("hide");
$(this).next().removeClass("hide"); //和con并列的hide会被remove
$(this).parent().siblings().children(".con").addClass("hide");
})
// 方式二: 在class="title"后面onclick时间
// function show(a) {
// $(a).next().removeClass("hide");
// $(a).parent().siblings().children(".con").addClass("hide");
// }
</script>
</body>
</html>
实例: tab菜单
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>tab</title>
<script src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script>
function tab(self){
var index=$(self).attr("xxx");
$("#"+index).removeClass("hide").siblings().addClass("hide");
$(self).addClass("current").siblings().removeClass("current");
}
</script>
<style>
*{
margin: 0px;
padding: 0px;
}
.tab_outer{
margin: 0px auto;
width: 60%;
}
.menu{
background-color: #cccccc;
/*border: 1px solid red;*/
line-height: 40px;
}
.menu li{
display: inline-block;
}
.menu a{
border-right: 1px solid red;
padding: 11px;
}
.content{
background-color: tan;
border: 1px solid green;
height: 300px;
}
.hide{
display: none;
}
.current{
background-color: darkgray;
color: yellow;
border-top: solid 2px rebeccapurple;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="tab_outer">
<ul class="menu">
<li xxx="c1" class="current" onclick="tab(this);">菜单一</li>
<li xxx="c2" onclick="tab(this);">菜单二</li>
<li xxx="c3" onclick="tab(this);">菜单三</li>
</ul>
<div class="content">
<div id="c1">内容一</div>
<div id="c2" class="hide">内容二</div>
<div id="c3" class="hide">内容三</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
body { margin: 0 auto; font-family: Arial; _font-family: 宋体,Arial; font-size: 12px; } body, dl, dt, dd, ul, ol, li, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, pre, code, form, fieldset, legend, input, button, textarea, p, blockquote, th, td, figure, div { margin: 0; padding: 0; } ol, ul, li { list-style: none; } a{ cursor:pointer; text-decoration:none; } /*a:hover{ color: #F60 !important; text-decoration: underline; }*/ img{ border:none; border-width:0px; } table{ border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; } .red{ color: #c00!important; } .m8{ margin:8px; } .mt10{ margin-top:10px; } .mt20{ margin-top:20px; } .mr5{ margin-right:5px; } .ml5{ margin-left:5px; } .ml10{ margin-left:10px; } .mb10{ margin-bottom:10px; } .pt18{ padding-top:18px; } .pt20{ padding-top:20px; } .pb20{ padding-bottom:20px; } .nbr{ border-right:0px; } .font12{ font-size:12px; } .font14{ font-size:14px; } .font16{ font-size:16px; } .bold{ font-weight:bold; } .left{ float:left; } .right{ float:right; } .hide{ display:none; } .show{ display:table; } .clearfix{ clear:both; } .clearfix:after { content: "."; display: block; height: 0; clear: both; visibility: hidden; } * html .clearfix {zoom: 1;} .container{ width:1190px; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; } .group-box-1 .title{ height: 33px; line-height: 33px; border: 1px solid #DDD; background: #f5f5f5; padding-top: 0; padding-left: 0; } .group-box-1 .title .title-font{ display: inline-block; font-size: 14px; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei','SimHei'; font-weight: bold; color: #333; padding-left: 10px; } .group-box-1 .body { border: 1px solid #e4e4e4; border-top: none; } .tab-menu-box1 { border: 1px solid #ddd; margin-bottom: 20px; } .tab-menu-box1 .menu { line-height: 33px; height: 33px; background-color: #f5f5f5; } .tab-menu-box1 .content { min-height: 100px; border-top: 1px solid #ddd; background-color: white; } .tab-menu-box1 .menu ul { padding: 0; margin: 0; list-style: none; /*position: absolute;*/ } .tab-menu-box1 .menu ul li { position: relative; float: left; font-size: 14px; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei','SimHei'; text-align: center; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; border-right: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 0 18px; cursor: pointer; } .tab-menu-box1 .menu ul li:hover { color: #c9033b; } .tab-menu-box1 .menu .more { float: right; font-size: 12px; padding-right: 10px; font-family: "宋体"; color: #666; text-decoration: none; } .tab-menu-box1 .menu a:hover { color: #f60 !important; text-decoration: underline; } .tab-menu-box1 .menu .current { margin-top: -1px; color: #c9033b; background: #fff; height: 33px; border-top: 2px solid #c9033b; z-index: 10; } .tab-menu-box-2 .float-title { display: none; top: 0px; position: fixed; z-index: 50; } .tab-menu-box-2 .title { width: 890px; border-bottom: 2px solid #b20101; border-left: 1px solid #e1e1e1; clear: both; height: 32px; } .tab-menu-box-2 .title a { float: left; width: 107px; height: 31px; line-height: 31px; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-top: 1px solid #e1e1e1; border-right: 1px solid #e1e1e1; background: url(/Content/images/bg4.png?3) 0 -308px repeat-x; text-decoration: none; color: #333; cursor: pointer; } .tab-menu-box-2 .title a:hover { background-position: -26px -271px; text-decoration: none; color: #fff; } .tab-menu-box-2 .content { min-height: 100px; background-color: white; } .tab-menu-box3 { border: 1px solid #ddd; } .tab-menu-box3 .menu { line-height: 33px; height: 33px; background-color: #f5f5f5; } .tab-menu-box3 .content { height: 214px; border-top: 1px solid #ddd; background-color: white; } .tab-menu-box3 .menu ul { padding: 0; margin: 0; list-style: none; /*position: absolute;*/ } .tab-menu-box3 .menu ul li { position: relative; float: left; font-size: 14px; font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei','SimHei'; text-align: center; font-size: 14px; width:50%; cursor: pointer; } .tab-menu-box3 .menu ul li:hover { color: #c9033b; } .tab-menu-box3 .menu .more { float: right; font-size: 12px; padding-right: 10px; font-family: "宋体"; color: #666; text-decoration: none; } .tab-menu-box3 .menu a:hover { color: #f60 !important; text-decoration: underline; font-weight: bold; } .tab-menu-box3 .menu .current { margin-top: -1px; color: #c9033b; background: #fff; height: 33px; border-top: 2px solid #c9033b; z-index: 10; font-weight: bold; }
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head lang="en"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <link href="tab.css" rel="stylesheet" /> </head> <body> <div class='container'> <div class='tab-menu-box1'> <div class='menu'> <ul id='tab-menu-title'> <li class='current' content-to='1'>价格趋势</li> <li content-to='2'>市场分布</li> <li content-to='3'>其他</li> </ul> </div> <div id='tab-menu-body' class='content'> <div content='1'>content1</div> <div content='2' class='hide'>content2</div> <div content='3' class='hide'>content3</div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script> <script type='text/javascript'> $(function(){ ChangeTab('#tab-menu-title', '#tab-menu-body'); }) function ChangeTab(title, body) { $(title).children().bind("click", function () { $menu = $(this); $content = $(body).find('div[content="' + $(this).attr("content-to") + '"]'); $menu.addClass('current').siblings().removeClass('current'); $content.removeClass('hide').siblings().addClass('hide'); }); } </script> </body> </html>
操作元素(属性,css,文档处理)
1. 属性操作
-------------------------- 属性
$("").attr();
$("").removeAttr();
$("").prop();
$("").removeProp();
-------------------------- CSS类
$("").addClass(class|fn)
$("").removeClass([class|fn])
-------------------------- HTML代码/文本/值
$("").html([val|fn])
$("").text([val|fn])
$("").val([val|fn|arr])
---------------------------
$("").css("color","red")
注意:
<input id="chk1" type="checkbox" />是否可见 <input id="chk2" type="checkbox" checked="checked" />是否可见 <script> console.log($("#chk1").prop("checked"));//false console.log($("#chk2").prop("checked"));//true console.log($("#chk1").attr("checked"));//undefined console.log($("#chk2").attr("checked"));//checked </script> prop()函数的结果: 1.如果有相应的属性, 返回true 2.如果没有相应的属性, 返回false attr()函数的结果: 1.如果有相应的属性, 返回指定属性值 2.如果没有相应的属性, 返回值是undefined //对于HTML元素本身就带有的固有属性,在处理时,使用prop方法. //对于HTML元素我们自己自定义的DOM属性,在处理时,使用attr方法. //像checkbox,radio和select这样的元素,选中属性对应“checked”和“selected”,这些也属于固有属性,因此需要使用prop方法去操作才能获得正确的结果. // 对于prop // $("#chk1").prop("checked","") 和 // $("#chk1").prop("checked","check") 可以取消选择和选择 // 用attr则做不到
jQuery循环的两种方式:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td><input type="checkbox"></td>
<td>111</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input type="checkbox"></td>
<td>222</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input type="checkbox"></td>
<td>333</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input type="checkbox"></td>
<td>444</td>
</tr>
</table>
<script src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script>
// jquery循环的两种方式
// 方式一
li=[10,20,30,40]
dic={name:"charon",sex:"male"}
$.each(li,function(i,x){
console.log(i,x)
})
// 方式二
$("tr").each(function(){
console.log($(this).html())
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
实例: 全反选
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script>
function selectall(){
$("table :checkbox").prop("checked",true)
}
function cancel(){
$("table :checkbox").prop("checked",false)
}
function reverse(){
$("table :checkbox").each(function(){
//方式一:
$(this).prop("checked",!$(this).prop("checked"));
// // 方式二:
// if ($(this).prop("checked")){
// $(this).prop("checked",false)
// }
// else {
// $(this).prop("checked",true)
// }
});
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<button onclick="selectall();">全选</button>
<button onclick="cancel();">取消</button>
<button onclick="reverse();">反选</button>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td><input type="checkbox"></td>
<td>111</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input type="checkbox"></td>
<td>222</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input type="checkbox"></td>
<td>333</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input type="checkbox"></td>
<td>444</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
实例: 模态对话框
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<style>
.back{
background-color: rebeccapurple;
height: 2000px;
}
.shade{
position: fixed;
top: 0;
bottom: 0;
left:0;
right: 0;
background-color: coral;
opacity: 0.4;
}
.hide{
display: none;
}
.models{
position: fixed;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
margin-left: -100px;
margin-top: -100px;
height: 200px;
width: 200px;
background-color: gold;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="back">
<input id="ID1" type="button" value="click" onclick="action1(this)">
</div>
<div class="shade hide"></div>
<div class="models hide">
<input id="ID2" type="button" value="cancel" onclick="action2(this)">
</div>
<script src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script>
function action1(self){
$(self).parent().siblings().removeClass("hide");
}
function action2(self){
//$(self).parent().parent().children(".models,.shade").addClass("hide")
$(self).parent().addClass("hide").prev().addClass("hide")
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
2. 文档处理
//创建一个标签对象
$("<p>")
//内部插入
$("").append(content|fn) ----->$("p").append("<b>Hello</b>");
$("").appendTo(content) ----->$("p").appendTo("div");
$("").prepend(content|fn) ----->$("p").prepend("<b>Hello</b>");
$("").prependTo(content) ----->$("p").prependTo("#foo");
//外部插入
$("").after(content|fn) ----->$("p").after("<b>Hello</b>");
$("").before(content|fn) ----->$("p").before("<b>Hello</b>");
$("").insertAfter(content) ----->$("p").insertAfter("#foo");
$("").insertBefore(content) ----->$("p").insertBefore("#foo");
//替换
$("").replaceWith(content|fn) ----->$("p").replaceWith("<b>Paragraph. </b>");
//删除
$("").empty()
$("").remove([expr])
//复制
$("").clone([Even[,deepEven]])
实例: 复制样式条
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="outer">
<div class="item">
<input type="button" value="+" onclick="add(this);">
<input type="text">
</div>
</div>
<script src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script>
function add(self){
// 注意: 如果var $clone_obj=$(".outer .item").clone();会一遍二,二变四的增加
var $clone_obj=$(self).parent().clone();
$clone_obj.children(":button").val("-").attr("onclick","removed(this)");
$(self).parent().parent().append($clone_obj);
}
function removed(self){
$(self).parent().remove()
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
3. CSS操作
CSS
$("").css(name|pro|[,val|fn])
位置
$("").offset([coordinates]) // 获取当前标签距离文档顶部的高度
$("").position()
$("").scrollTop([val]) //有参数时, 跳转数值位置
$("").scrollLeft([val])
尺寸
$("").height([val|fn]) // 获取当前标签自己的高度
$("").width([val|fn])
$("").innerHeight() // 获取第一个匹配元素内部区域高度(自己高度+padding)
$("").innerWidth()
$("").outerHeight([soptions]) //参数为true时, 获取自己高度+padding+border
//参数为false时, 获取自己高度+padding+border+margin
$("").outerWidth([options])
实例: 返回顶部
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script>
window.onscroll=function(){
var current=$(window).scrollTop();
console.log(current);
if (current>100){
$(".returnTop").removeClass("hide");
}
else {
$(".returnTop").addClass("hide");
}
}
function returnTop(){
//$(".div1").scrollTop(0);
$(window).scrollTop(0);
}
</script>
<style>
body{
margin: 0px;
}
.returnTop{
height: 60px;
width: 100px;
background-color: darkgray;
position: fixed;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
color: greenyellow;
line-height: 60px;
text-align: center;
}
.div1{
background-color: orchid;
font-size: 5px;
overflow: auto;
width: 500px;
}
.div2{
background-color: darkcyan;
}
.div3{
background-color: aqua;
}
.div{
height: 600px;
}
.hide{
display: none;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="div1 div">
<p>hello</p>
<p>hello</p>
<p>hello</p>
<p>hello</p>
<p>hello</p>
<p>hello</p>
<p>hello</p>
<p>hello</p>
<p>hello</p>
<p>hello</p>
<p>hello</p>
<p>hello</p>
<p>hello</p>
<p>hello</p>
<p>hello</p>
<p>hello</p>
<p>hello</p>
<p>hello</p>
</div>
<div class="div2 div"></div>
<div class="div3 div"></div>
<div class="returnTop" onclick="returnTop();">返回顶部</div>
</body>
</html>
事件
页面载入
- ready(fn) // 当DOM载入就绪可以查询及操纵时绑定一个要执行的函数.
$(document).ready(function(){...}) 可以简写成: $(function(){...})
事件处理
- on(eve,[sel],[data],fn)
- off(eve,[sel],[fn])
- one(type,[data],fn)
- trigger(type,[data])
- triggerHandler(type, [data])
$("").on(eve,[selector],[data],fn) // 在选择元素上绑定一个或多个事件的事件处理函数.
// eve: event事件 fn: function事件被触发时执行的函数
// .on的[selector]参数是筛选出调用.on方法的dom元素的指定子元素(触发事件的选择器元素的后代), 如:
// $('ul').on('click','li', function(){console.log('click');})就是筛选出ul下的li给其绑定click事件;
[selector]参数的好处:
在于.on方法为动态添加的元素也能绑上指定事件;如:
//用$('ul').on('click', 'li', function(){console.log('click');}方式绑定,然后动态添加
//li:$('ul').append('<li>js new li<li>');这个新生成的li被绑上了click事件.
[data]参数的调用(必须是键值对形式):
function myHandler(event) {
alert(event.data.foo);
}
$("li").on("click", {foo: "bar"}, myHandler)
事件切换
- hover([over,]out)
- toggle([spe],[eas],[fn])
事件
- blur([[data],fn])
- change([[data],fn])
- click([[data],fn])
- dblclick([[data],fn])
- focus([[data],fn])
- focusin([data],fn)
- focusout([data],fn)
- keydown([[data],fn])
- keypress([[data],fn])
- keyup([[data],fn])
- mousedown([[data],fn])
- mouseenter([[data],fn])
- mouseleave([[data],fn])
- mousemove([[data],fn])
- mouseout([[data],fn])
- mouseover([[data],fn])
- mouseup([[data],fn])
- resize([[data],fn])
- scroll([[data],fn])
- select([[data],fn])
- submit([[data],fn])
实例: 面板拖动
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<div style="border: 1px solid #ddd;width: 600px;position: absolute;">
<div id="title" style="background-color: black;height: 40px;color: white;">
标题
</div>
<div style="height: 300px;">
内容
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script>
$(function(){
// 页面加载完成之后自动执行
$('#title').mouseover(function(){
$(this).css('cursor','move');
}).mousedown(function(e){
var _event = e || window.event;
// 原始鼠标横纵坐标位置
var ord_x = _event.clientX;
var ord_y = _event.clientY;
var parent_left = $(this).parent().offset().left;
var parent_top = $(this).parent().offset().top;
$(this).bind('mousemove', function(e){ // 用$(this).on("mousemove",function (e){也行
var _new_event = e || window.event;
var new_x = _new_event.clientX;
var new_y = _new_event.clientY;
var x = parent_left + (new_x - ord_x);
var y = parent_top + (new_y - ord_y);
$(this).parent().css('left',x+'px');
$(this).parent().css('top',y+'px');
})
}).mouseup(function(){
$(this).unbind('mousemove'); // 用$(this).off("mousemove")也行
});
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
实例: 放大镜
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>bigger</title>
<style>
*{
margin: 0;
padding:0;
}
.outer{
height: 350px;
width: 350px;
border: dashed 5px cornflowerblue;
}
.outer .small_box{
position: relative;
}
.outer .small_box .float{
height: 175px;
width: 175px;
background-color: darkgray;
opacity: 0.4;
fill-opacity: 0.4;
position: absolute;
display: none;
}
.outer .big_box{
height: 400px;
width: 400px;
overflow: hidden;
position:absolute;
left: 360px;
top: 0px;
z-index: 1;
border: 5px solid rebeccapurple;
display: none;
}
.outer .big_box img{
position: absolute;
z-index: 5;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="outer">
<div class="small_box">
<div class="float"></div>
<img src="samll.jpg">
</div>
<div class="big_box">
<img src="big.jpg">
</div>
</div>
<script src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script>
$(function(){
$(".small_box").mouseover(function(){
$(".float").css("display","block");
$(".big_box").css("display","block")
});
$(".small_box").mouseout(function(){
$(".float").css("display","none");
$(".big_box").css("display","none")
});
$(".small_box").mousemove(function(e){
var _event=e || window.event;
var float_width=$(".float").width();
var float_height=$(".float").height();
console.log(float_height,float_width);
var float_height_half=float_height/2;
var float_width_half=float_width/2;
console.log(float_height_half,float_width_half);
var small_box_width=$(".small_box").height();
var small_box_height=$(".small_box").width();
// 鼠标点距离左边界的长度与float应该与左边界的距离差半个float的width,height同理
var mouse_left=_event.clientX-float_width_half;
var mouse_top=_event.clientY-float_height_half;
if(mouse_left<0){
mouse_left=0
}else if (mouse_left>small_box_width-float_width){
mouse_left=small_box_width-float_width
}
if(mouse_top<0){
mouse_top=0
}else if (mouse_top>small_box_height-float_height){
mouse_top=small_box_height-float_height
}
$(".float").css("left",mouse_left+"px");
$(".float").css("top",mouse_top+"px")
var percentX=($(".big_box img").width()-$(".big_box").width())/ (small_box_width-float_width);
var percentY=($(".big_box img").height()-$(".big_box").height())/(small_box_height-float_height);
console.log(percentX,percentY)
$(".big_box img").css("left", -percentX*mouse_left+"px")
$(".big_box img").css("top", -percentY*mouse_top+"px")
})
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
动画效果
显示隐藏
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<p style="display: none">hello world</p>
<input id="show" type="button" value="显示">
<input id="hide" type="button" value="隐藏">
<input id="toggle" type="button" value="toggle">
<script src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script>
$("#show").click(function () {
$("p").show(2000,function () {
alert(123)
});
});
$("#hide").click(function () {
$("p").hide(1000);
});
$("#toggle").click(function () {
$("p").toggle(1000);
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
淡入淡出
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div" style="display:none ;width: 200px;height: 200px;background-color: rebeccapurple"></div>
<input id="In" type="button" value="fadeIn">
<input id="out" type="button" value="fadeout">
<input id="toggle" type="button" value="fadetoggle">
<input id="fadeto" type="button" value="fadeto">
<script src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script>
$("#In").click(function () {
$("div").fadeIn(2000);
})
$("#out").click(function () {
$("div").fadeOut(1000);
})
$("#toggle").click(function () {
$("div").fadeToggle(1000);
});
$("#fadeto").click(function () {
$("div").fadeTo(1000,0.9); //0.9为透明度
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
滑动
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
$("#flipshow").click(function(){
$("#content").slideDown(1000);
});
$("#fliphide").click(function(){
$("#content").slideUp(1000);
});
$("#toggle").click(function(){
$("#content").slideToggle(1000);
})
});
</script>
<style>
#flipshow,#content,#fliphide,#toggle{
padding: 5px;
text-align: center;
background-color: blueviolet;
border:solid 1px red;
}
#content{
padding: 50px;
display: none;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="flipshow">出现</div>
<div id="fliphide">隐藏</div>
<div id="toggle">toggle</div>
<div id="content">helloworld</div>
</body>
</html>
回调函数
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
$("button").click(function(){
$("p").hide(1000,function(){
alert('动画结束')
})
// $("p").css('color','red').slideUp(1000).slideDown(2000)
})
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<button>隐藏</button>
<p>helloworld helloworld helloworld</p>
</body>
</html>
扩展方法 (插件机制)
一. 用JQuery写插件时, 有两个方法:
$.extend(object): 为JQuery 添加一个静态方法, 即可以直接调用
$.fn.extend(object): 为JQuery实例添加一个方法, 即前面要有个标签才能调用
<script> jQuery.extend({ min: function(a, b) { return a < b ? a : b; }, max: function(a, b) { return a > b ? a : b; } }); console.log($.min(3,4)); //直接调用 //----------------------------------------------------------------------- $.fn.extend({ "print":function(){ for (var i=0;i<this.length;i++){ console.log($(this)[i].innerHTML) } } }); $("p").print(); //前面有标签才能调用 </script>
二. 定义作用域
定义一个JQuery插件, 首先要为这个插件定义私有作用域. 外部的代码不能直接访问插件内部的代码, 插件内部的代码不污染全局变量. 在一定的作用上减低了插件与运行环境的依赖.
//将extend放在一个自执行函数里, 为了加一个私有域, 保护内部变量不受外部干扰 (function ($) { var num=13; $.fn.extend({ print:function () { console.log($(this).html()) } }); })(jQuery); $("p").print()
三. 默认参数
定义了jQuery插件之后, 如果希望某些参数具有默认值, 可以以这种方式来指定.
//步骤1 定义JQuery的作用域 (function ($) { //步骤3-a 插件的默认值属性 var defaults = { prevId: 'prevBtn', prevText: 'Previous', nextId: 'nextBtn', nextText: 'Next' //…… }; //步骤6-a 在插件里定义方法 var showLink = function (obj) { $(obj).append(function () { return "(" + $(obj).attr("href") + ")" }); } //步骤2 插件的扩展方法名称 $.fn.easySlider = function (options) { //步骤3-b 合并用户自定义属性,默认属性 var options = $.extend(defaults, options); //步骤4 支持JQuery选择器 //步骤5 支持链式调用 return this.each(function () { //步骤6-b 在插件里定义方法 showLink(this); }); } })(jQuery);
实例练习
注册验证
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <form class="Form"> <p>用户名: <input class="v1" type="text" name="username" mark="用户名"></p> <p>邮箱: <input class="v1" type="text" name="email" mark="邮箱"></p> <p><input class="v1" type="submit" value="submit" onclick="return validate()"></p> </form> <script src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script> <script> // 注意: // DOM对象--->jquery对象 $(DOM) // jquery对象--->DOM对象 $("")[0] //--------------------------------------------------------- // DOM绑定版本 function validate(){ flag=true; $("Form .v1").each(function(){ $(this).next("span").remove();// 防止对此点击按钮产生多个span标签 var value=$(this).val(); if (value.trim().length==0){ var mark=$(this).attr("mark"); console.log(mark) var ele=document.createElement("span"); ele.innerHTML=mark+"不能为空!"; $(this).after(ele); $(ele).prop("class","error");// DOM对象转换为jquery对象 flag=false; //有问题, 最后return false, 数据不会被提交 } }); return flag } $(".Form :submit").click(function(){}); </script> </body> </html>
滚动菜单
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head lang="en"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> <style> body{ margin: 0px; } img { border: 0; } ul{ padding: 0; margin: 0; list-style: none; } .clearfix:after { content: "."; display: block; height: 0; clear: both; visibility: hidden; } .wrap{ width: 980px; margin: 0 auto; } .pg-header{ background-color: #303a40; -webkit-box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.2); -moz-box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.2); box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.2); } .pg-header .logo{ float: left; padding:5px 10px 5px 0px; } .pg-header .logo img{ vertical-align: middle; width: 110px; height: 40px; } .pg-header .nav{ line-height: 50px; } .pg-header .nav ul li{ float: left; } .pg-header .nav ul li a{ display: block; color: #ccc; padding: 0 20px; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14px; } .pg-header .nav ul li a:hover{ color: #fff; background-color: #425a66; } .pg-body{ } .pg-body .catalog{ position: absolute; top:60px; width: 200px; background-color: #fafafa; bottom: 0px; } .pg-body .catalog.fixed{ position: fixed; top:10px; } .pg-body .catalog .catalog-item.active{ color: #fff; background-color: #425a66; } .pg-body .content{ position: absolute; top:60px; width: 700px; margin-left: 210px; background-color: #fafafa; overflow: auto; } .pg-body .content .section{ height: 500px; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="pg-header"> <div class="wrap clearfix"> <div class="logo"> <a href="#"> <img src="http://core.pc.lietou-static.com/revs/images/common/logo_7012c4a4.pn"> </a> </div> <div class="nav"> <ul> <li> <a href="#">首页</a> </li> <li> <a href="#">功能一</a> </li> <li> <a href="#">功能二</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pg-body"> <div class="wrap"> <div class="catalog"> <div class="catalog-item" auto-to="function1"><a>第1张</a></div> <div class="catalog-item" auto-to="function2"><a>第2张</a></div> <div class="catalog-item" auto-to="function3"><a>第3张</a></div> </div> <div class="content"> <div menu="function1" class="section"> <h1>第一章</h1> </div> <div menu="function2" class="section"> <h1>第二章</h1> </div> <div menu="function3" class="section"> <h1>第三章</h1> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div onclick="GoTop();" style="cursor: pointer; position: fixed;right: 0;bottom: 0;width: 50px;height: 50px;background-color: #303a40;color: white;border: 1px solid red;">返回顶部</div> <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function GoTop() { $(window).scrollTop(0); } $(function(){ Init(); }); function Init(){ // 或者直接写 window.onscroll=function(){ 也可以 $(window).scroll(function() { var scrollTop = $(window).scrollTop(); if(scrollTop > 50){ $('.catalog').addClass('fixed'); }else{ $('.catalog').removeClass('fixed'); } $('.content').children().each(function(){ var offSet = $(this).offset(); var offTop = offSet.top - scrollTop; var height = $(this).height(); if(offTop<=0 && offTop> -height){ //去除其他 //添加自己 var docHeight = $(document).height(); var winHeight = $(window).height(); if(docHeight == winHeight+scrollTop) { $('.catalog').children('div:last-child').addClass('active').siblings().removeClass('active'); }else{ var index = $(this).attr('menu'); target='div[auto-to="'+index+'"]'; $('.catalog').children(target).addClass('active').siblings().removeClass('active'); } } }); }); } </script> </body> </html>
商场菜单
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=8"> <title>购物商城</title> <style> *{ margin: 0; padding: 0; } .hide{ display:none; } .header-nav { height: 39px; background: #c9033b; } .header-nav .bg{ background: #c9033b; } .header-nav .nav-allgoods .menuEvent { display: block; height: 39px; line-height: 39px; text-decoration: none; color: #fff; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-family: 微软雅黑; color: #fff; width: 100px; } .header-nav .nav-allgoods .menuEvent .catName { height: 39px; line-height: 39px; font-size: 15px; } .header-nav .nav-allmenu a { display: inline-block; height: 39px; vertical-align: top; padding: 0 15px; text-decoration: none; color: #fff; float: left; } .header-menu a{ color:#656565; } .header-menu .menu-catagory{ position: absolute; background-color: #fff; border-left:1px solid #fff; height: 316px; width: 230px; z-index: 4; float: left; } .header-menu .menu-catagory .catagory { border-left:4px solid #fff; height: 104px; border-bottom: solid 1px #eaeaea; } .header-menu .menu-catagory .catagory:hover { height: 102px; border-left:4px solid #c9033b; border-bottom: solid 1px #bcbcbc; border-top: solid 1px #bcbcbc; } .header-menu .menu-content .item{ margin-left:230px; position:absolute; background-color:white; height:314px; width:500px; z-index:4; float:left; border: solid 1px #bcbcbc; border-left:0; box-shadow: 1px 1px 5px #999; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="pg-header"> <div class="header-nav"> <div class="container narrow bg"> <div class="nav-allgoods left"> <a id="all_menu_catagory" href="#" class="menuEvent"> <strong class="catName">全部商品分类</strong> <span class="arrow" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;"></span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header-menu"> <div class="container narrow hide"> <div id="nav_all_menu" class="menu-catagory"> <div class="catagory" float-content="one"> <div class="title">家电</div> <div class="body"> <a href="#">空调</a> </div> </div> <div class="catagory" float-content="two"> <div class="title">床上用品</div> <div class="body"> <a href="http://www.baidu.com">床单</a> </div> </div> <div class="catagory" float-content="three"> <div class="title">水果</div> <div class="body"> <a href="#">橘子</a> </div> </div> </div> <div id="nav_all_content" class="menu-content"> <div class="item hide" float-id="one"> <dl> <dt><a href="#" class="red">厨房用品</a></dt> <dd> <span>| <a href="#" target="_blank" title="勺子">勺子</a> </span> </dd> </dl> <dl> <dt><a href="#" class="red">厨房用品</a></dt> <dd> <span>| <a href="#" target="_blank" title="菜刀">菜刀</a> </span> </dd> </dl> <dl> <dt><a href="#" class="red">厨房用品</a></dt> <dd> <span>| <a href="#">菜板</a> </span> </dd> </dl> <dl> <dt><a href="#" class="red">厨房用品</a></dt> <dd> <span>| <a href="#" target="_blank" title="碗">碗</a> </span> </dd> </dl> </div> <div class="item hide" float-id="two"> <dl> <dt><a href="#" class="red">厨房用品</a></dt> <dd> <span>| <a href="#" target="_blank" title="">角阀</a> </span> </dd> </dl> <dl> <dt><a href="#" class="red">厨房用品</a></dt> <dd> <span>| <a href="#" target="_blank" title="角阀">角阀</a> </span> </dd> </dl> <dl> <dt><a href="#" class="red">厨房用品</a></dt> <dd> <span>| <a href="#" target="_blank" title="角阀">角阀</a> </span> </dd> </dl> </div> <div class="item hide" float-id="three"> <dl> <dt><a href="#" class="red">厨房用品3</a></dt> <dd> <span>| <a href="#" target="_blank" title="角阀">角阀3</a> </span> </dd> </dl> <dl> <dt><a href="#" class="red">厨房用品3</a></dt> <dd> <span>| <a href="http://www.meilele.com/category-jiaofa/" target="_blank" title="角阀">角阀3</a> </span> </dd> </dl> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { Change_Menu('#all_menu_catagory','#nav_all_menu', '#nav_all_content'); }); function Change_Menu(all_menu_catagory,menu, content) { $all_menu_catagory = $(all_menu_catagory); $menu = $(menu); $content = $(content); $all_menu_catagory.bind("mouseover", function () { $menu.parent().removeClass('hide'); }); $all_menu_catagory.bind("mouseout", function () { $menu.parent().addClass('hide'); }); $menu.children().bind("mouseover", function () { $menu.parent().removeClass('hide'); $item_content = $content.find('div[float-id="' + $(this).attr("float-content") + '"]'); $item_content.removeClass('hide').siblings().addClass('hide'); }); $menu.bind("mouseout", function () { $content.children().addClass('hide'); $menu.parent().addClass('hide'); }); $content.children().bind("mouseover", function () { $menu.parent().removeClass('hide'); $(this).removeClass('hide'); }); $content.children().bind("mouseout", function () { $(this).addClass('hide'); $menu.parent().addClass('hide'); }); } </script> </body> </html>
编辑框
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head lang="en"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> <style> .edit-mode{ background-color: #b3b3b3; padding: 8px; text-decoration: none; color: white; } .editing{ background-color: #f0ad4e; } </style> </head> <body> <div style="padding: 20px"> <input type="button" onclick="CheckAll('#edit_mode', '#tb1');" value="全选" /> <input type="button" onclick="CheckReverse('#edit_mode', '#tb1');" value="反选" /> <input type="button" onclick="CheckCancel('#edit_mode', '#tb1');" value="取消" /> <a id="edit_mode" class="edit-mode" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="EditMode(this, '#tb1');">进入编辑模式</a> </div> <table border="1"> <thead> <tr> <th>选择</th> <th>主机名</th> <th>端口</th> <th>状态</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody id="tb1"> <tr> <td><input type="checkbox" /></td> <td edit="true">v1</td> <td>v11</td> <td edit="true" edit-type="select" sel-val="1" global-key="STATUS">在线</td> </tr> <tr> <td><input type="checkbox" /></td> <td edit="true">v1</td> <td>v11</td> <td edit="true" edit-type="select" sel-val="2" global-key="STATUS">下线</td> </tr> <tr> <td><input type="checkbox" /></td> <td edit="true">v1</td> <td>v11</td> <td edit="true" edit-type="select" sel-val="1" global-key="STATUS">在线</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script> <script> /* 监听是否已经按下control键 */ window.globalCtrlKeyPress = false; window.onkeydown = function(event){ if(event && event.keyCode == 17){ window.globalCtrlKeyPress = true; } }; window.onkeyup = function(event){ if(event && event.keyCode == 17){ window.globalCtrlKeyPress = false; } }; /* 按下Control,联动表格中正在编辑的select */ function MultiSelect(ths){ if(window.globalCtrlKeyPress){ var index = $(ths).parent().index(); var value = $(ths).val(); $(ths).parent().parent().nextAll().find("td input[type='checkbox']:checked").each(function(){ $(this).parent().parent().children().eq(index).children().val(value); }); } } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function(){ BindSingleCheck('#edit_mode', '#tb1'); }); function BindSingleCheck(mode, tb){ $(tb).find(':checkbox').bind('click', function(){ var $tr = $(this).parent().parent(); if($(mode).hasClass('editing')){ if($(this).prop('checked')){ RowIntoEdit($tr); }else{ RowOutEdit($tr); } } }); } function CreateSelect(attrs,csses,option_dict,item_key,item_value,current_val){ var sel= document.createElement('select'); $.each(attrs,function(k,v){ $(sel).attr(k,v); }); $.each(csses,function(k,v){ $(sel).css(k,v); }); $.each(option_dict,function(k,v){ var opt1=document.createElement('option'); var sel_text = v[item_value]; var sel_value = v[item_key]; if(sel_value==current_val){ $(opt1).text(sel_text).attr('value', sel_value).attr('text', sel_text).attr('selected',true).appendTo($(sel)); }else{ $(opt1).text(sel_text).attr('value', sel_value).attr('text', sel_text).appendTo($(sel)); } }); return sel; } STATUS = [ {'id': 1, 'value': "在线"}, {'id': 2, 'value': "下线"} ]; BUSINESS = [ {'id': 1, 'value': "车上会"}, {'id': 2, 'value': "二手车"} ]; function RowIntoEdit($tr){ $tr.children().each(function(){ if($(this).attr('edit') == "true"){ if($(this).attr('edit-type') == "select"){ var select_val = $(this).attr('sel-val'); var global_key = $(this).attr('global-key'); var selelct_tag = CreateSelect({"onchange": "MultiSelect(this);"}, {}, window[global_key], 'id', 'value', select_val); $(this).html(selelct_tag); }else{ var orgin_value = $(this).text(); var temp = "<input value='"+ orgin_value+"' />"; $(this).html(temp); } } }); } function RowOutEdit($tr){ $tr.children().each(function(){ if($(this).attr('edit') == "true"){ if($(this).attr('edit-type') == "select"){ var new_val = $(this).children(':first').val(); var new_text = $(this).children(':first').find("option[value='"+new_val+"']").text(); $(this).attr('sel-val', new_val); $(this).text(new_text); }else{ var orgin_value = $(this).children().first().val(); $(this).text(orgin_value); } } }); } function CheckAll(mode, tb){ if($(mode).hasClass('editing')){ $(tb).children().each(function(){ var tr = $(this); var check_box = tr.children().first().find(':checkbox'); if(check_box.prop('checked')){ }else{ check_box.prop('checked',true); RowIntoEdit(tr); } }); }else{ $(tb).find(':checkbox').prop('checked', true); } } function CheckReverse(mode, tb){ if($(mode).hasClass('editing')){ $(tb).children().each(function(){ var tr = $(this); var check_box = tr.children().first().find(':checkbox'); if(check_box.prop('checked')){ check_box.prop('checked',false); RowOutEdit(tr); }else{ check_box.prop('checked',true); RowIntoEdit(tr); } }); }else{ // $(tb).children().each(function(){ var tr = $(this); var check_box = tr.children().first().find(':checkbox'); if(check_box.prop('checked')){ check_box.prop('checked',false); }else{ check_box.prop('checked',true); } }); } } function CheckCancel(mode, tb){ if($(mode).hasClass('editing')){ $(tb).children().each(function(){ var tr = $(this); var check_box = tr.children().first().find(':checkbox'); if(check_box.prop('checked')){ check_box.prop('checked',false); RowOutEdit(tr); }else{ } }); }else{ $(tb).find(':checkbox').prop('checked', false); } } function EditMode(ths, tb){ if($(ths).hasClass('editing')){ $(ths).removeClass('editing'); $(tb).children().each(function(){ var tr = $(this); var check_box = tr.children().first().find(':checkbox'); if(check_box.prop('checked')){ RowOutEdit(tr); }else{ } }); }else{ $(ths).addClass('editing'); $(tb).children().each(function(){ var tr = $(this); var check_box = tr.children().first().find(':checkbox'); if(check_box.prop('checked')){ RowIntoEdit(tr); }else{ } }); } } </script> </body> </html>

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