traceroute tracert 说明

traceroute tracert 说明
20130620 陈信
tracert路由跟踪图上返回的延时是基于ICMP协议的，相当于ping每一个节点IP.出现超时、延时大的原因有：
1.超时的节点设备（如网络设备路由器、服务器等）做了安全设置，禁止ICMP协议即禁ping (because most providers have CoPP (control plane policy) set up.很多运营商会针对不同的数据包做不同的规则,故可能会出现上一跳的延迟比下一跳高的情况) (很多设备这里tracert不通,是为了防止ping攻击)
2.超时的节点网络拥塞或者网络质量差延时过大所致
3.超时的节点设备宕机/关机等对ICMP协议无法响应
4.电信/联通/国际出口骨干延时太大
traceroute 202.108.251.6 -m 15(traceroute用的是UDP数据包)
traceroute to 202.108.251.6 (202.10(ping用的是ICMP)8.251.6), 15 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 180.186.88.65 (180.186.88.65) 0.506 ms 0.526 ms 0.572 ms
2 localhost (172.31.2.1) 1.201 ms 1.242 ms 1.292 ms
3 localhost (172.30.30.21) 1.716 ms 1.754 ms 1.884 ms
4 localhost (10.10.10.1) 18.659 ms 18.977 ms 19.194 ms
5 61.135.112.205 (61.135.112.205) 1.798 ms 1.878 ms 1.925 ms
6 61.148.147.9 (61.148.147.9) 406.732 ms 399.745 ms 399.612 ms
7 124.65.61.169 (124.65.61.169) 6.362 ms 6.392 ms 6.405 ms
8 61.148.146.30 (61.148.146.30) 3.362 ms 3.395 ms 3.413 ms
9 bt-228-030.bta.net.cn (202.106.228.30) 4.418 ms 4.633 ms 4.715 ms
10 210.74.174.10 (210.74.174.10) 9.157 ms 10.324 ms 11.098 ms^C

[root@zw-101-1-3-81 admin]# ping -c 10
PING 61.148.147.9 (61.148.147.9) 56(84) bytes of data.

--- 61.148.147.9 ping statistics ---
10 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 19001ms

用win的tracert (ICMP)则不通.

ping 210.125.84.15 -c 10
PING 210.125.84.15 (210.125.84.15) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 210.125.84.15: icmp_seq=1 ttl=45 time=151 ms
64 bytes from 210.125.84.15: icmp_seq=2 ttl=45 time=151 ms
64 bytes from 210.125.84.15: icmp_seq=3 ttl=45 time=151 ms
64 bytes from 210.125.84.15: icmp_seq=4 ttl=45 time=152 ms
64 bytes from 210.125.84.15: icmp_seq=5 ttl=45 time=151 ms
64 bytes from 210.125.84.15: icmp_seq=6 ttl=45 time=151 ms
64 bytes from 210.125.84.15: icmp_seq=7 ttl=45 time=151 ms
64 bytes from 210.125.84.15: icmp_seq=8 ttl=45 time=151 ms
64 bytes from 210.125.84.15: icmp_seq=9 ttl=45 time=151 ms
64 bytes from 210.125.84.15: icmp_seq=10 ttl=45 time=151 ms

--- 210.125.84.15 ping statistics ---
10 packets transmitted, 10 received, 0% packet loss, time 9163ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 151.325/151.645/152.719/0.649 ms

tracepath 210.125.84.15
1: 10.0.2.30 (10.0.2.30) 0.255ms pmtu 1500
1: ec2-175-41-192-62.ap-northeast-1.compute.amazonaws.com (175.41.192.62) 0.768ms
1: ec2-175-41-192-62.ap-northeast-1.compute.amazonaws.com (175.41.192.62) 0.925ms
2: 27.0.0.172 (27.0.0.172) 0.922ms asymm 1
3: 27.0.0.154 (27.0.0.154) 1.983ms asymm 2
4: 27.0.0.130 (27.0.0.130) 2.436ms asymm 3
5: 63-218-251-53.static.pccwglobal.net (63.218.251.53) 2.207ms asymm 4
6: 63-218-182-38.static.pccwglobal.net (63.218.182.38) 2.499ms asymm 5
7: virtela.ge2-16.br01.tok01.pccwbtn.net (63.218.147.222) 140.928ms asymm 13 //第7跳偶尔为200ms以上,但下面的节点还是维持在140-150ms之间. (because most providers have CoPP (control plane policy) set up.做了相应的策略导致这一跳高,数据封装协议的优先级)
8: 203.234.255.166 (203.234.255.166) 143.178ms asymm 14
9: 134.75.13.5 (134.75.13.5) 142.377ms asymm 15
10: 134.75.1.5 (134.75.1.5) 148.028ms asymm 16
11: ruby.kreonet.net (134.75.20.250) 149.505ms asymm 17
12: 134.75.105.114 (134.75.105.114) 146.740ms asymm 18
13: 134.75.85.54 (134.75.85.54) 148.843ms asymm 19
14: 210.125.84.15 (210.125.84.15) 151.907ms reached
Resume: pmtu 1500 hops 14 back 45

traceroute 210.125.84.15
traceroute to 210.125.84.15 (210.125.84.15), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 ec2-175-41-192-62.ap-northeast-1.compute.amazonaws.com (175.41.192.62) 0.677 ms 0.690 ms 0.673 ms
2 27.0.0.172 (27.0.0.172) 0.781 ms 0.789 ms 0.758 ms
3 27.0.0.154 (27.0.0.154) 2.014 ms 1.965 ms 1.952 ms
4 27.0.0.130 (27.0.0.130) 2.175 ms 2.182 ms 2.164 ms
5 63-218-251-53.static.pccwglobal.net (63.218.251.53) 2.148 ms 2.159 ms 2.142 ms
6 63-218-182-38.static.pccwglobal.net (63.218.182.38) 2.417 ms 2.354 ms 2.507 ms
7 * virtela.ge2-16.br01.tok01.pccwbtn.net (63.218.147.222) 140.981 ms 140.991 ms // *为丢包
8 203.234.255.166 (203.234.255.166) 142.385 ms 142.400 ms 142.583 ms
9 134.75.13.5 (134.75.13.5) 142.266 ms 142.509 ms 142.521 ms
10 134.75.1.5 (134.75.1.5) 147.988 ms 147.675 ms 147.899 ms
11 ruby.kreonet.net (134.75.20.250) 148.155 ms 148.198 ms 148.207 ms
12 134.75.105.114 (134.75.105.114) 146.570 ms 146.399 ms 146.614 ms
13 134.75.85.54 (134.75.85.54) 159.164 ms 159.370 ms 159.147 ms
14 210.125.84.15 (210.125.84.15) 151.805 ms 151.554 ms 151.491 ms