webbench工具使用和源码分析

Webbench是有名的网站压力测试工具,它是由Lionbridge公司(http://www.lionbridge.com)开发.它的帮助文件和文档请到:www.webbench.com上查看.

Webbech能测试处在相同硬件上,不同服务的性能以及不同硬件上同一个服务的运行状况.webBech的标准测试可以向我们展示服务器的两项 内容:每秒钟相应请求数和每秒钟传输数据量.webbench不但能具有便准静态页面的测试能力,还能对动态页面(ASP,PHP,JAVA,CGI)进 行测试的能力.还有就是他支持对含有SSL的安全网站例如电子商务网站进行静态或动态的性能测试.

下载：

    官方网站:http://home.tiscali.cz/~cz210552/webbench.html

安装：

    tar zxvf webbench-1.5.tar.gz

    cd webbench-1.5

    make;make install


使用：

    webbench -c 200 -t 20 http://www.doglover.net/

    其中-c 200 代表200个并发用户进行访问-t 20  即20S，访问的url为http://www.doglover.net/；运行20S之后可以看到如下的结果：


    可以根据打印中的信息来判断网站的抗压情况。另外使用 webbench -help  可以获得更多的使用信息。

源码分析：
    整个webbench工程一共有两个C文件：socket.c和webbench.c。具体的分析如下：
socket.c
  1. /* $Id: socket.c 1.1 1995/01/01 07:11:14 cthuang Exp $
  2.  *
  3.  * This module has been modified by Radim Kolar for OS/2 emx
  4.  */
  6. /***********************************************************************
  7.   module:       socket.c
  8.   program:      popclient
  9.   SCCS ID:      @(#)socket.c    1.5  4/1/94
  10.   programmer:   Virginia Tech Computing Center
  11.   compiler:     DEC RISC C compiler (Ultrix 4.1)
  12.   environment:  DEC Ultrix 4.3 
  13.   description:  UNIX sockets code.
  14.  ***********************************************************************/
  15.  
  16. #include <sys/types.h>
  17. #include <sys/socket.h>
  18. #include <fcntl.h>
  19. #include <netinet/in.h>
  20. #include <arpa/inet.h>
  21. #include <netdb.h>
  22. #include <sys/time.h>
  23. #include <string.h>
  24. #include <unistd.h>
  25. #include <stdio.h>
  26. #include <stdlib.h>
  27. #include <stdarg.h>
  29. int Socket(const char *host, int clientPort)
  30. {
  31.     int sock;
  32.     unsigned long inaddr;
  33.     struct sockaddr_in ad;
  34.     struct hostent *hp;
  35.     //获取host
  36.     memset(&ad, 0, sizeof(ad));
  37.     ad.sin_family = AF_INET;
  39.     inaddr = inet_addr(host);
  40.     if (inaddr != INADDR_NONE)
  41.         memcpy(&ad.sin_addr, &inaddr, sizeof(inaddr));
  42.     else
  43.     {
  44.         hp = gethostbyname(host);
  45.         if (hp == NULL)
  46.             return -1;
  47.         memcpy(&ad.sin_addr, hp->h_addr, hp->h_length);
  48.     }
  49.     ad.sin_port = htons(clientPort);
  50.     //socket建立
  51.     sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
  52.     if (sock < 0)
  53.         return sock;
  54. 	//连接
  55.     if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&ad, sizeof(ad)) < 0)
  56.         return -1;
  57.     return sock;
  58. }

webbench.c
  1. /*
  2.  * (C) Radim Kolar 1997-2004
  3.  * This is free software, see GNU Public License version 2 for
  4.  * details.
  5.  *
  6.  * Simple forking WWW Server benchmark:
  7.  *
  8.  * Usage:
  9.  *   webbench --help
  10.  *
  11.  * Return codes:
  12.  *    0 - sucess
  13.  *    1 - benchmark failed (server is not on-line)
  14.  *    2 - bad param
  15.  *    3 - internal error, fork failed
  16.  * 
  17.  */ 
  18. #include "socket.c"
  19. //这里只有本文件用到了socket.c文件，所以可以这样包含进来
  20. #include <unistd.h>
  21. #include <sys/param.h>
  22. #include <rpc/types.h>
  23. #include <getopt.h>
  24. #include <strings.h>
  25. #include <time.h>
  26. #include <signal.h>
  28. /* values */
  29. volatile int timerexpired=0;
  30. int speed=0;
  31. int failed=0;
  32. int bytes=0;
  33. /* globals */
  34. int http10=1; /* 0 - http/0.9, 1 - http/1.0, 2 - http/1.1 */
  35. /* Allow: GET, HEAD, OPTIONS, TRACE */
  36. #define METHOD_GET 0
  37. #define METHOD_HEAD 1
  38. #define METHOD_OPTIONS 2
  39. #define METHOD_TRACE 3
  40. #define PROGRAM_VERSION "1.5"
  41. int method=METHOD_GET;
  42. int clients=1;
  43. int force=0;
  44. int force_reload=0;
  45. int proxyport=80;
  46. char *proxyhost=NULL;
  47. int benchtime=30;
  48. /* internal */
  49. int mypipe[2];
  50. char host[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
  51. #define REQUEST_SIZE 2048
  52. char request[REQUEST_SIZE];
  54. static const struct option long_options[]=
  55. {
  56.  {"force",no_argument,&force,1},
  57.  {"reload",no_argument,&force_reload,1},
  58.  {"time",required_argument,NULL,'t'},
  59.  {"help",no_argument,NULL,'?'},
  60.  {"http09",no_argument,NULL,'9'},
  61.  {"http10",no_argument,NULL,'1'},
  62.  {"http11",no_argument,NULL,'2'},
  63.  {"get",no_argument,&method,METHOD_GET},
  64.  {"head",no_argument,&method,METHOD_HEAD},
  65.  {"options",no_argument,&method,METHOD_OPTIONS},
  66.  {"trace",no_argument,&method,METHOD_TRACE},
  67.  {"version",no_argument,NULL,'V'},
  68.  {"proxy",required_argument,NULL,'p'},
  69.  {"clients",required_argument,NULL,'c'},
  70.  {NULL,0,NULL,0}
  71. };
  73. /* prototypes */
  74. static void benchcore(const char* host,const int port, const char *request);
  75. static int bench(void);
  76. static void build_request(const char *url);
  78. static void alarm_handler(int signal)
  79. {
  80.    timerexpired=1;
  81. }	
  83. static void usage(void)
  84. {//标准错误输出打印下面的字符串，在"" ""中代表一个连续的字符串
  85.    fprintf(stderr,
  86. 	"webbench [option]... URL\n"
  87. 	"  -f|--force               Don't wait for reply from server.\n"
  88. 	"  -r|--reload              Send reload request - Pragma: no-cache.\n"
  89. 	"  -t|--time <sec>          Run benchmark for <sec> seconds. Default 30.\n"
  90. 	"  -p|--proxy <server:port> Use proxy server for request.\n"
  91. 	"  -c|--clients <n>         Run <n> HTTP clients at once. Default one.\n"
  92. 	"  -9|--http09              Use HTTP/0.9 style requests.\n"
  93. 	"  -1|--http10              Use HTTP/1.0 protocol.\n"
  94. 	"  -2|--http11              Use HTTP/1.1 protocol.\n"
  95. 	"  --get                    Use GET request method.\n"
  96. 	"  --head                   Use HEAD request method.\n"
  97. 	"  --options                Use OPTIONS request method.\n"
  98. 	"  --trace                  Use TRACE request method.\n"
  99. 	"  -?|-h|--help             This information.\n"
  100. 	"  -V|--version             Display program version.\n"
  101. 	);
  102. };
  103. int main(int argc, char *argv[])
  104. {
  105.  int opt=0;
  106.  int options_index=0;
  107.  char *tmp=NULL;
  108.  //检查参数，参数不对进行用法展示
  109.  if(argc==1)
  110.  {
  111. 	  usage();
  112.       return 2;
  113.  } 
  114. //获取传入的命令行参数，根据long_options设置进行返回。optarg和optind为外部变量
  115.  while((opt=getopt_long(argc,argv,"912Vfrt:p:c:?h",long_options,&options_index))!=EOF )
  116.  {//根据解析出的参数进行赋值到变量中进行后续的使用
  117.   switch(opt)
  118.   {
  119.    case  0 : break;
  120.    case 'f': force=1;break;
  121.    case 'r': force_reload=1;break; 
  122.    case '9': http10=0;break;
  123.    case '1': http10=1;break;
  124.    case '2': http10=2;break;
  125.    case 'V': printf(PROGRAM_VERSION"\n");exit(0);
  126.    case 't': benchtime=atoi(optarg);break;	     
  127.    case 'p': 
  128. 	     /* proxy server parsing server:port */
  129. 	     tmp=strrchr(optarg,':');
  130. 	     proxyhost=optarg;
  131. 	     if(tmp==NULL)
  132. 	     {
  133. 		     break;
  134. 	     }
  135. 	     if(tmp==optarg)
  136. 	     {
  137. 		     fprintf(stderr,"Error in option --proxy %s: Missing hostname.\n",optarg);
  138. 		     return 2;
  139. 	     }
  140. 	     if(tmp==optarg+strlen(optarg)-1)
  141. 	     {
  142. 		     fprintf(stderr,"Error in option --proxy %s Port number is missing.\n",optarg);
  143. 		     return 2;
  144. 	     }
  145. 	     *tmp='\0';
  146. 	     proxyport=atoi(tmp+1);break;
  147.    case ':':
  148.    case 'h':
  149.    case '?': usage();return 2;break;
  150.    case 'c': clients=atoi(optarg);break;
  151.   }
  152.  }
  153.  //检查参数个数
  154.  if(optind==argc) 
  155.  {
  156. 		fprintf(stderr,"webbench: Missing URL!\n");
  157. 		usage();
  158. 		return 2;
  159.  }
  160. //检查客户并发数和测试时间，并对违法的设置给出默认的值
  161.  if(clients==0) clients=1;
  162.  if(benchtime==0) benchtime=60;
  163.  /* Copyright */
  164.  fprintf(stderr,"Webbench - Simple Web Benchmark "PROGRAM_VERSION"\n"
  165. 	 "Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.\n"
  166. 	 );
  167.  //建立requst命令
  168.  build_request(argv[optind]);
  169.  /* print bench info */
  170.  printf("\nBenchmarking: ");
  171.  switch(method)
  172.  {
  173. 	 case METHOD_GET:
  174. 	 default:
  175. 		 printf("GET");break;
  176. 	 case METHOD_OPTIONS:
  177. 		 printf("OPTIONS");break;
  178. 	 case METHOD_HEAD:
  179. 		 printf("HEAD");break;
  180. 	 case METHOD_TRACE:
  181. 		 printf("TRACE");break;
  182.  }
  183.  printf(" %s",argv[optind]);
  184.  switch(http10)
  185.  {
  186. 	 case 0: printf(" (using HTTP/0.9)");break;
  187. 	 case 2: printf(" (using HTTP/1.1)");break;
  188.  }
  189.  printf("\n");
  190.  if(clients==1) printf("1 client");
  191.  else
  192.    printf("%d clients",clients);
  194.  printf(", running %d sec", benchtime);
  195.  if(force) printf(", early socket close");
  196.  if(proxyhost!=NULL) printf(", via proxy server %s:%d",proxyhost,proxyport);
  197.  if(force_reload) printf(", forcing reload");
  198.  printf(".\n");
  199.  //以上区间为打印的提示信息，下面的主处理
  200.  return bench();
  201. }
  203. void build_request(const char *url)
  204. {
  205.   char tmp[10];
  206.   int i;
  207. //清零
  208.   bzero(host,MAXHOSTNAMELEN);
  209.   bzero(request,REQUEST_SIZE);
  210. //设置版本http
  211.   if(force_reload && proxyhost!=NULL && http10<1) http10=1;
  212.   if(method==METHOD_HEAD && http10<1) http10=1;
  213.   if(method==METHOD_OPTIONS && http10<2) http10=2;
  214.   if(method==METHOD_TRACE && http10<2) http10=2;
  215. //测试方式
  216.   switch(method)
  217.   {
  218. 	  default:
  219. 	  case METHOD_GET: strcpy(request,"GET");break;
  220. 	  case METHOD_HEAD: strcpy(request,"HEAD");break;
  221. 	  case METHOD_OPTIONS: strcpy(request,"OPTIONS");break;
  222. 	  case METHOD_TRACE: strcpy(request,"TRACE");break;
  223.   }
  224. //拼接requset命令
  225.   strcat(request," ");
  227.   if(NULL==strstr(url,"://"))
  228.   {
  229. 	  fprintf(stderr, "\n%s: is not a valid URL.\n",url);
  230. 	  exit(2);
  231.   }
  232.   if(strlen(url)>1500)
  233.   {
  234.          fprintf(stderr,"URL is too long.\n");
  235. 	 exit(2);
  236.   }
  237.   if(proxyhost==NULL)
  238. 	   if (0!=strncasecmp("http://",url,7)) 
  239. 	   {
  240. 	   		fprintf(stderr,"\nOnly HTTP protocol is directly supported, set --proxy for others.\n");
  241.             exit(2);
  242.        }
  243.   /* protocol/host delimiter */
  244.   i=strstr(url,"://")-url+3;
  245.   /* printf("%d\n",i); */
  247.   if(strchr(url+i,'/')==NULL)
  248.   {
  249.     fprintf(stderr,"\nInvalid URL syntax - hostname don't ends with '/'.\n");
  250.     exit(2);
  251.   }
  252.   if(proxyhost==NULL)
  253.   {
  254.    /* get port from hostname */
  255.    if(index(url+i,':')!=NULL && index(url+i,':')<index(url+i,'/'))
  256.    {
  257. 	   strncpy(host,url+i,strchr(url+i,':')-url-i);
  258. 	   bzero(tmp,10);
  259. 	   strncpy(tmp,index(url+i,':')+1,strchr(url+i,'/')-index(url+i,':')-1);
  260. 	   /* printf("tmp=%s\n",tmp); */
  261. 	   proxyport=atoi(tmp);
  262. 	   if(proxyport==0) proxyport=80;
  263.    } 
  264.    else
  265.    {
  266.      strncpy(host,url+i,strcspn(url+i,"/"));
  267.    }
  268.    // printf("Host=%s\n",host);
  269.    strcat(request+strlen(request),url+i+strcspn(url+i,"/"));
  270.   } 
  271.   else
  272.   {
  273.    // printf("ProxyHost=%s\nProxyPort=%d\n",proxyhost,proxyport);
  274.    strcat(request,url);
  275.   }
  276.   if(http10==1)
  277. 	  strcat(request," HTTP/1.0");
  278.   else if (http10==2)
  279. 	  strcat(request," HTTP/1.1");
  280.   strcat(request,"\r\n");
  281.   if(http10>0)
  282. 	  strcat(request,"User-Agent: WebBench "PROGRAM_VERSION"\r\n");
  283.   if(proxyhost==NULL && http10>0)
  284.   {
  285. 	  strcat(request,"Host: ");
  286. 	  strcat(request,host);
  287. 	  strcat(request,"\r\n");
  288.   }
  289.   if(force_reload && proxyhost!=NULL)
  290.   {
  291. 	  strcat(request,"Pragma: no-cache\r\n");
  292.   }
  293.   if(http10>1)
  294. 	  strcat(request,"Connection: close\r\n");
  295.   /* add empty line at end */
  296.   if(http10>0) strcat(request,"\r\n"); 
  297.   // printf("Req=%s\n",request);
  298. }
  300. /* vraci system rc error kod */
  301. static int bench(void)
  302. {
  303.   int i,j,k;	
  304.   pid_t pid=0;
  305.   FILE *f;
  307.   /* check avaibility of target server */
  308.   i=Socket(proxyhost==NULL?host:proxyhost,proxyport);
  309.   if(i<0)
  310.   { 
  311. 	   fprintf(stderr,"\nConnect to server failed. Aborting benchmark.\n");
  312. 	   return 1;
  313.   }
  314.   close(i);
  315.   /* create pipe */
  316.   if(pipe(mypipe))
  317.   {
  318. 	  perror("pipe failed.");
  319. 	  return 3;
  320.   }
  322.   /* not needed, since we have alarm() in childrens */
  323.   /* wait 4 next system clock tick */
  324.   /*
  325.   cas=time(NULL);
  326.   while(time(NULL)==cas)
  327.         sched_yield();
  328.   */
  330.   /* fork childs */
  331.   for(i=0;i<clients;i++)
  332.   {
  333. 	   pid=fork();
  334. 	   if(pid <= (pid_t) 0)
  335. 	   {
  336. 		   /* child process or error*/
  337. 	           sleep(1); /* make childs faster */
  338. 		   break;
  339. 	   }
  340.   }
  342.   if( pid< (pid_t) 0)
  343.   {
  344.           fprintf(stderr,"problems forking worker no. %d\n",i);
  345. 	  perror("fork failed.");
  346. 	  return 3;
  347.   }
  349.   if(pid== (pid_t) 0)
  350.   {
  351.     /* I am a child */
  352. 	//子进程进行
  353.     if(proxyhost==NULL)
  354.       benchcore(host,proxyport,request);
  355.          else
  356.       benchcore(proxyhost,proxyport,request);
  358.          /* write results to pipe */
  359. 		 //将得到的信息进行打印到管道里面
  360. 	 f=fdopen(mypipe[1],"w");
  361. 	 if(f==NULL)
  362. 	 {
  363. 		 perror("open pipe for writing failed.");
  364. 		 return 3;
  365. 	 }
  366. 	 /* fprintf(stderr,"Child - %d %d\n",speed,failed); */
  367. 	 fprintf(f,"%d %d %d\n",speed,failed,bytes);
  368. 	 fclose(f);
  369. 	 return 0;
  370.   } else
  371.   {
  372.   	//父进程进行统计信息
  373. 	  f=fdopen(mypipe[0],"r");
  374. 	  if(f==NULL) 
  375. 	  {
  376. 		  perror("open pipe for reading failed.");
  377. 		  return 3;
  378. 	  }
  379. 	  setvbuf(f,NULL,_IONBF,0);
  380. 	  speed=0;
  381.           failed=0;
  382.           bytes=0;
  384. 	  while(1)
  385. 	  {//读取管道中的值
  386. 		  pid=fscanf(f,"%d %d %d",&i,&j,&k);
  387. 		  if(pid<2)
  388.           {
  389.                fprintf(stderr,"Some of our childrens died.\n");
  390.                break;
  391.           }
  392. 		  speed+=i;
  393. 		  failed+=j;
  394. 		  bytes+=k;
  395. 		  /* fprintf(stderr,"*Knock* %d %d read=%d\n",speed,failed,pid); */
  396. 		  if(--clients==0) break;
  397. 	  }
  398. 	  fclose(f);
  399. //输出统计出的信息
  400.   printf("\nSpeed=%d pages/min, %d bytes/sec.\nRequests: %d susceed, %d failed.\n",
  401. 		  (int)((speed+failed)/(benchtime/60.0f)),
  402. 		  (int)(bytes/(float)benchtime),
  403. 		  speed,
  404. 		  failed);
  405.   }
  406.   return i;
  407. }
  409. void benchcore(const char *host,const int port,const char *req)
  410. {
  411.  int rlen;
  412.  char buf[1500];
  413.  int s,i;
  414.  struct sigaction sa;
  415. //设置定时器信号
  416.  /* setup alarm signal handler */
  417.  sa.sa_handler=alarm_handler;
  418.  sa.sa_flags=0;
  419.  if(sigaction(SIGALRM,&sa,NULL))
  420.     exit(3);
  421.  alarm(benchtime);
  422. //在时间段内进行循环的访问request命令和接收回复并进行统计
  423.  rlen=strlen(req);
  424.  nexttry:while(1)
  425.  {
  426.     if(timerexpired)
  427.     {
  428.        if(failed>0)
  429.        {
  430.           /* fprintf(stderr,"Correcting failed by signal\n"); */
  431.           failed--;
  432.        }
  433.        return;
  434.     }
  435.     s=Socket(host,port);                          
  436.     if(s<0) { failed++;continue;} 
  437.     if(rlen!=write(s,req,rlen)) {failed++;close(s);continue;}
  438.     if(http10==0) 
  439. 	    if(shutdown(s,1)) { failed++;close(s);continue;}
  440.     if(force==0) 
  441.     {
  442.             /* read all available data from socket */
  443. 	    while(1)
  444. 	    {
  445.               if(timerexpired) break; 
  446. 	      i=read(s,buf,1500);
  447.               /* fprintf(stderr,"%d\n",i); */
  448. 	      if(i<0) 
  449.           { 
  450.              failed++;
  451.              close(s);
  452.              goto nexttry;
  453.           }
  454. 	       else
  455. 		       if(i==0) break;
  456. 		       else
  457. 			       bytes+=i;
  458. 	    }
  459.     }
  460.     if(close(s)) {failed++;continue;}
  461.     speed++;
  462.  }
  463. }

一个比较见到处理流程示意图，其中忽略了错误处理，只体现了大致的处理过程。





posted on 2017-08-28 11:30  cfzhang  阅读(304)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报

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