nginx的websocket
WebSocket 通过 HTTP 的 Upgrade 机制实现协议切换:
初始请求是 HTTP 请求
通过特定的头部告知服务器要进行协议升级
服务器返回 101 Switching Protocols 状态码后,连接转为 WebSocket 协议

标准的配置
location /ws/ {
proxy_pass http://websocket_backend;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
# WebSocket必需的头部
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection $connection_upgrade;
# 传递真实客户端信息
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
# 超时设置(WebSocket长连接)
proxy_connect_timeout 60s;
proxy_send_timeout 60s;
proxy_read_timeout 60s; # 关键:WebSocket心跳间隔
}
# 在http块中定义connection_upgrade映射
#这是一个动态映射:如果请求头中有 $http_upgrade(即客户端发送了 Upgrade 头),则设置 $connection_upgrade 为 upgrade,否则为 close
map $http_upgrade $connection_upgrade {
default upgrade;
'' close;
}
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