CentOS7安装Python3.10环境

主要步骤：
依赖=>下载=>编译=>配置

依赖
　　常见错误

　　　　没有安装相关的依赖库

　　The necessary bits to build these optional modules were not found:
　　_curses　　_curses_panel　　_dbm
　　_gdbm　　_lzma　　　　　　_sqlite3
　　_tkinter　　_uuid　　　　　　readline
　　To find the necessary bits,look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name

OPenSSL的版本太旧

Failed to build these modules:
_hashlib　　_ssl

Cound not build the ssl module!
Python requires a OpenSSL 1.1.1 or newer

替换阿里源

tar -zcvf CentOS-bk.tar.gz /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

安装依赖

yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"
yum install -y ncurese-devel gdbm-devel xz-devel sqlite-devel tk-devel uuid-devel readline-devel bzip2-devel libffi-devel
yum install -y openssl-devel openssl11 openssl11-devel

官网地址

https://www.python.org

CentOS上下载

mkdir -p /doc/temp && cd /doc/temp
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.4/Python-3.10.4.tgz

编译

设置编译FLAG
export CFLAGS=$(pkg-config --cflags openssl11)
export LDFLAGS=$(pkg-config --libs openssl11)

进入源码目录
tar xvzf Python-3.10.4.tgz
cd Python-3.10.4

编译
./configure --enable-optimizations && make altinstall

验证

/usr/local/bin/python3.10 --version
/usr/local/bin/pip3.10 --version

配置

配置快捷命令
ln -sf /usr/local/bin/python3.10  /usr/bin/python3
ln -sf /usr/local/bin/pip3.10  /usr/bin/pip3

配置pip源

mkdir -p  ~/.pip
touch ~/.pip/pip.conf
pip.conf的内容改为国内的