PyMongo模块
在python当中，一般常用于开发中操作monoDB的模块无非三个：pymongo, mongoEngine, motor
moter是python中基于pymongo实现的异步操作库，类似于aiomysql，aiomysql也是python基于pymysql实现的异步库。
mysql pymysql mysqlDB aiomysql[基于pymysql实现的异步库]
redis pyredis redis aioredis[基于pyredis实现的异步库]
mongo pymongo mongoengine[基于pymongo实现的ORM，高仿django的ORM] motor[基于pymongo实现的异步库]
PyMongo
文档：https://www.mongodb.com/docs/drivers/python/
文档：https://pymongo.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api/index.html
安装：
pip install pymongo -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple
数据库连接
数据库连接，无密码
import pymongo
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 无密码连接mongo[如果mongo没有开启用户访问控制机制的情况下，可以使用]
mongo = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017")
ret = mongo.list_databases()
数据库连接，有密码
import pymongo
from urllib.parse import quote_plus
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 有密码连接[最主要的连接方式]
username = quote_plus("root")
password = quote_plus("123456")
database = quote_plus("admin")
mongo = pymongo.MongoClient(f"mongodb://{username}:{password}@127.0.0.1:27017/{database}")
print(mongo.list_databases()) # 列出当前账户可操作的所有数据库
数据库管理
import pymongo
from urllib.parse import quote_plus
if __name__ == '__main__':
# # 无密码连接mongo[如果mongo没有开启用户访问控制机制的情况下，可以使用]
# mongo = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017")
# ret = mongo.list_databases()
# 有密码连接
username = quote_plus("root")
password = quote_plus("123456")
database = quote_plus("admin")
mongo = pymongo.MongoClient(f"mongodb://{username}:{password}@127.0.0.1:27017/{database}")
print(mongo.list_databases()) # 列出当前账户可操作的所有数据库
# 切换操作的数据库
db = mongo["test"]
print(db)
# 列出当前数据库下的所有集合
print(db.list_collections())
# 获取当前数据库下的指定集合操作对象
users_collection = db["orders"]
print(users_collection)
# 统计当前集合下所有的文档数量
count = users_collection.count_documents({})
print(count)
集合管理
import pymongo
from urllib.parse import quote_plus
if __name__ == '__main__':
# # 无密码连接mongo[如果mongo没有开启用户访问控制机制的情况下，可以使用]
# mongo = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017")
# ret = mongo.list_databases()
# 有密码连接
username = quote_plus("root")
password = quote_plus("123456")
database = quote_plus("admin")
mongo = pymongo.MongoClient(f"mongodb://{username}:{password}@127.0.0.1:27017/{database}")
print(mongo.list_databases()) # 列出当前账户可操作的所有数据库
# 切换操作的数据库
db = mongo["test"]
print(db)
print(db.list_collection_names())
# 列出当前数据库下的所有集合
print(db.list_collections())
# 获取当前数据库下的指定集合操作对象
users_collection = db["orders"]
print(users_collection)
# 统计当前集合下所有的文档数量
count = users_collection.count_documents({})
print(count)
# 删除集合
doc_collection = db["doc"]
doc_collection.drop()
文档管理
添加文档
import pymongo
from urllib.parse import quote_plus
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 连接数据库
username = quote_plus("root")
password = quote_plus("123456")
database = quote_plus("admin")
mongo = pymongo.MongoClient(f"mongodb://{username}:{password}@127.0.0.1:27017/{database}")
# 切换或新建数据库
db = mongo["yingmingapp"]
# 切换或新建数据集
users = db["users"]
# # 添加一个文档
# document = {"name": "xiaoming", "mobile": "13012345678", "age": 16}
# ret = users.insert_one(document)
# print(ret.inserted_id) # 返回新增文档的主键ID
# 添加多个文档
document_list = [
{"name": "xiaoming", "mobile": "13033345678", "age": 17},
{"name": "xiaohong", "mobile": "13044345678", "age": 18},
{"name": "xiaohei", "mobile": "13612345678", "age": 18},
]
ret = users.insert_many(document_list)
print(ret.inserted_ids) # 返回新增文档的主键ID列表
删除文档
import pymongo
from urllib.parse import quote_plus
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 连接数据库
username = quote_plus("root")
password = quote_plus("123456")
database = quote_plus("admin")
mongo = pymongo.MongoClient(f"mongodb://{username}:{password}@127.0.0.1:27017/{database}")
# 切换或新建数据库
db = mongo["yingmingapp"]
# 切换或新建数据集
users = db["users"]
"""删除文档"""
# 删除一篇文档
filter = {"name":"xiaoming"}
ret = users.delete_one(filter)
print(ret.deleted_count) # 返回删除文档的数量
# 删除多篇文档
filter = {"name": "xiaohong"}
ret = users.delete_many(filter)
print(ret.deleted_count) # 返回删除文档的数量
# 按指定条件删除多个文档
filter = {"age": {"$gte": 17}} # age >= 17
ret = users.delete_many(filter)
print(ret.deleted_count) # 返回删除文档的数量
更新文档
import pymongo
from urllib.parse import quote_plus
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 连接数据库
username = quote_plus("root")
password = quote_plus("123456")
database = quote_plus("admin")
mongo = pymongo.MongoClient(f"mongodb://{username}:{password}@127.0.0.1:27017/{database}")
# 切换或新建数据库
db = mongo["yingmingapp"]
# 切换或新建数据集
users = db["users"]
"""更新文档"""
# # 更新一个文档
# filter = {"name": "xiaoming"}
# update = {"$set": {"name": "xiaohong"}, "$inc": {"age": -3}}
# ret = users.update_one(filter=filter, update=update)
# print(ret.modified_count) # 返回更新文档的数量
# # 更新多个文档
# filter = {"name": "xiaohong"}
# update = {"$set": {"sex": True}}
# ret = users.update_many(filter=filter, update=update)
# print(ret.modified_count) # 返回更新文档的数量
# 把满足条件的一个文档进行替换
filter = {"name": "xiaoming"}
replace = {"name": "xiaolan", "age": 16, "sex": False} # 因为是直接替换文档，所以不需要指定更新运算符
ret = users.replace_one(filter, replace)
print(ret.modified_count) # 返回替换文档的数量
查询文档
import pymongo
from urllib.parse import quote_plus
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 连接数据库
username = quote_plus("root")
password = quote_plus("123456")
database = quote_plus("admin")
mongo = pymongo.MongoClient(f"mongodb://{username}:{password}@127.0.0.1:27017/{database}")
# 切换或新建数据库
db = mongo["test"]
# 切换或新建数据集
users = db["users"]
"""添加文档"""
# # 添加一个文档
# document = {"name": "xiaoming", "mobile": "13012345678", "age": 16}
# ret = users.insert_one(document)
# print(ret.inserted_id) # 返回新增文档的主键ID
#
#
# # 添加多个文档
# document_list = [
# {"name": "xiaoming", "mobile": "13033345678", "age": 17},
# {"name": "xiaohong", "mobile": "13044345678", "age": 18},
# {"name": "xiaohei", "mobile": "13612345678", "age": 18},
# ]
# ret = users.insert_many(document_list)
# print(ret.inserted_ids) # 返回新增文档的主键ID列表
"""删除文档"""
# # 删除一篇文档
# filter = {"name":"xiaoming"}
# ret = users.delete_one(filter)
# print(ret.deleted_count) # 返回删除文档的数量
#
# # 删除多篇文档
# filter = {"name": "xiaohong"}
# ret = users.delete_many(filter)
# print(ret.deleted_count) # 返回删除文档的数量
# # 按指定条件删除多个文档
# filter = {"age": {"$gte": 17}} # age >= 17
# ret = users.delete_many(filter)
# print(ret.deleted_count) # 返回删除文档的数量
"""更新文档"""
# # 更新一个文档
# filter = {"name": "xiaoming"}
# update = {"$set": {"name": "xiaohong"}, "$inc": {"age": -3}}
# ret = users.update_one(filter=filter, update=update)
# print(ret.modified_count) # 返回更新文档的数量
# # 更新多个文档
# filter = {"name": "xiaohong"}
# update = {"$set": {"sex": True}}
# ret = users.update_many(filter=filter, update=update)
# print(ret.modified_count) # 返回更新文档的数量
# # 把满足条件的一个文档进行替换
# filter = {"name": "xiaoming"}
# replace = {"name": "xiaolan", "age": 16, "sex": False} # 因为是直接替换文档，所以不需要指定更新运算符
# ret = users.replace_one(filter, replace)
# print(ret.modified_count) # 返回替换文档的数量
"""查询文档"""
# # 获取整个集合所有的文档数据
# orders = db["orders"]
# ducument_list = orders.find()
# for document in ducument_list:
# print(document)
# # 获取集合中第一个文档
# orders = db["orders"]
# document = orders.find_one()
# print(document)
# print(document.get("order_number")) # 获取文档中的任意数据
# print(document.get("items")) # 获取文档中的任意数据
# print(document["items"][0]) # 获取文档中的任意数据
# print(document["items"][0]["price"]) # 获取文档中的任意数据
# # 投影显示字段
# document = users.find_one({}, {"_id": 0})
# print(document)
#
# document = users.find_one({}, {"_id": 0, "name": 1, "age": 1})
# print(document)
# 按条件查询多条数据
# filter = {"age": 18}
# document_list = users.find(filter)
# for document in document_list:
# print(document)
# # 比较运算符
# filter = {"age": {"$gt":17}}
# document_list = users.find(filter)
# for document in document_list:
# print(document)
# # 结果排序，单字段排序
# filter = {"age": {"$lt": 32}}
# # pymongo.ASCENDING 就是 -1 ，表示升序， 从小到大
# # pymongo.DESCENDING 就是 1 ，表示降序， 从大到小
# document_list = users.find(filter).sort("age", pymongo.DESCENDING)
# print(list(document_list))
# # 结果排序，多字段排序
# filter = {"age": {"$lte": 34}}
# order = [("age", pymongo.DESCENDING), ("_id", pymongo.ASCENDING)]
# document_list = users.find(filter).sort(order)
# print(list(document_list))
# # 限制查询结果数量
# document_list = users.find().limit(3)
# print(list(document_list))
# # 偏移、跳过
# # skip(int)
# document_list = users.find().limit(3).skip(3) # 从第3篇文档开始获取3篇文档
# print(list(document_list))
# # 自定义条件函数
# document_list = users.find({"$where": "this.age==18"})
# print(list(document_list))
ret = db.command("buildinfo")
print(ret)
浙公网安备 33010602011771号