GO开发环境搭建

下载安装

阿里云盘

https://www.alipan.com/s/ztTaPkk1in6

官方地址

All releases - The Go Programming Language

配置环境变量

Windows 上用管理员身份打开 PowerShell

1. 按下 Win+X 组合键，弹出快速访问菜单。
2. 选择 Windows PowerShell（管理员）

运行命令

# ---------------------- 配置参数（修改为你的实际路径）----------------------
$targetGOROOT = "D:\program\Go"  # Go安装根目录
$targetGOPATH = "D:\gospace"       # Go工作区目录
$envScope = "User"             # 环境变量作用域：Machine=系统环境变量（所有用户生效），User=用户环境变量（仅当前用户）
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------

# --------------- 步骤1：校验并配置GOROOT（避免重复/无效更新）---------------
Write-Host "正在校验并配置GOROOT..." -ForegroundColor Cyan
$currentGOROOT = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("GOROOT", $envScope)
if ($currentGOROOT -eq $targetGOROOT) {
    Write-Host "GOROOT已配置为目标路径：$targetGOROOT，无需更新。" -ForegroundColor Green
} else {
    if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($currentGOROOT)) {
        Write-Host "检测到GOROOT现有值：$currentGOROOT，将更新为目标路径：$targetGOROOT" -ForegroundColor Yellow
    }
    # 配置GOROOT，永久生效
    [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("GOROOT", $targetGOROOT, $envScope)
    Write-Host "GOROOT配置成功：$targetGOROOT" -ForegroundColor Green
}

# --------------- 步骤2：校验并配置GOPATH（避免重复/无效更新）---------------
Write-Host "`n正在校验并配置GOPATH..." -ForegroundColor Cyan
$currentGOPATH = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("GOPATH", $envScope)
if ($currentGOPATH -eq $targetGOPATH) {
    Write-Host "GOPATH已配置为目标路径：$targetGOPATH，无需更新。" -ForegroundColor Green
} else {
    if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($currentGOPATH)) {
        Write-Host "检测到GOPATH现有值：$currentGOPATH，将更新为目标路径：$targetGOPATH" -ForegroundColor Yellow
    }
    # 配置GOPATH，永久生效
    [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("GOPATH", $targetGOPATH, $envScope)
    Write-Host "GOPATH配置成功：$targetGOPATH" -ForegroundColor Green
}

# --------------- 步骤3：校验并追加路径到PATH（避免重复添加）---------------
Write-Host "`n正在校验并配置PATH环境变量..." -ForegroundColor Cyan
# 定义需要添加到PATH的两个目标路径
$goBinPath = Join-Path -Path $targetGOROOT -ChildPath "bin"
$goWorkBinPath = Join-Path -Path $targetGOPATH -ChildPath "bin"
$targetPaths = @($goBinPath, $goWorkBinPath)

# 获取当前系统PATH的完整值
$currentPATH = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("PATH", $envScope)
# 拆分PATH为独立路径列表（Windows路径分隔符为;，处理可能的首尾空格）
$pathList = $currentPATH -split ";" | ForEach-Object { $_.Trim() } | Where-Object { -not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($_) }

# 标记是否需要更新PATH
$needUpdatePATH = $false
# 存储最终的PATH列表
$newPathList = $pathList.Clone()

# 逐个校验目标路径是否已存在
foreach ($targetPath in $targetPaths) {
    # 不区分大小写校验（Windows路径大小写不敏感）
    $pathExists = $newPathList | Where-Object { $_ -eq $targetPath }
    if ($pathExists) {
        Write-Host "PATH中已存在路径：$targetPath，无需追加。" -ForegroundColor Green
    } else {
        Write-Host "PATH中缺失路径：$targetPath，将追加。" -ForegroundColor Yellow
        $newPathList += $targetPath
        $needUpdatePATH = $true
    }
}

# 若需要更新，则重新写入PATH（保持原有顺序，仅追加缺失路径）
if ($needUpdatePATH) {
    $newPATH = $newPathList -join ";"
    [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("PATH", $newPATH, $envScope)
    Write-Host "PATH配置成功，已追加缺失的Go相关路径。" -ForegroundColor Green
} else {
    Write-Host "PATH中已包含所有Go相关路径，无需更新。" -ForegroundColor Green
}

# --------------- 步骤4：输出配置完成提示 ---------------
Write-Host "`n==================== 配置流程结束 ====================" 
Write-Host "1. 配置已永久生效（写入系统注册表），请打开【新的终端】验证。"
Write-Host "2. 验证命令：go version （输出版本信息即表示成功）"
Write-Host "3. 可选验证：go env （查看GOROOT、GOPATH配置是否正确）"