Android 系统文件分享写法
首先在AndroidManifestxml文件创建一个Fileprovider（适配7.0以上的系统）
Google参考:https://developer.android.google.cn/training/secure-file-sharing/setup-sharing
<provider android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider" android:authorities="com.mxy.filemanger.fileprovider" android:grantUriPermissions="true" android:exported="false"> <meta-data android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS" android:resource="@xml/filepaths" /> </provider>
其中authorities是你的程序包名+.fileprovider
然后在res新建一个文件夹xml,在xml文件夹里面再创建一个filepaths.xml文件
filepaths.xml文件内容如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <external-path name="external" path=""/> </paths>
path为空报错可以忽略
在paths节点内部支持以下几个子节点，分别为：
- <root-path/> 代表设备的根目录new File("/");
- <files-path/> 代表context.getFilesDir()
- <cache-path/> 代表context.getCacheDir()
- <external-path/> 代表Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
- <external-files-path>代表context.getExternalFilesDirs()
- <external-cache-path>代表getExternalCacheDirs()
path代表目录下的子目录，如：
<cache-path name = "cache" path = "path />
表context.getChcheDir()/path目录，如果path为空，代表直接使用该根目录。
既然要使用content://URI替代file://URI，那么我们需要一个虚拟路径对真实文件路径进行映射。通过编写xml文件，其中path路径确定了可访问的文件目录，name属性映射了真实文件路径。
代码使用:
val sendIntent = Intent() val uri: Uri val file = File(it.path!!) uri = if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) { //"com.mxy.filemanger.fileprovider"是AndroidManifest刚刚设置的authorities FileProvider.getUriForFile(applicationContext, "com.mxy.filemanger.fileprovider", file); } else { Uri.fromFile(file) } sendIntent.action = Intent.ACTION_SEND sendIntent.flags = Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri) //可以使用setClassName单独分享到某个软件，如果不使用setClassName则调用系统所有能分享的软件 //sendIntent.setClassName("com.tencent.mm", "com.tencent.mm.ui.tools.ShareImgUI");//微信朋友 //sendIntent.setClassName("com.tencent.mobileqq", "cooperation.qqfav.widget.QfavJumpActivity");//保存到QQ收藏 //"*/*代表所有类型的文件 /** * 注意如果不设定特定的类型，比如在分享jpg图片到微信会显示一个字符串文件不是显示图片，要设置为image/jpeg，但是用分享到qq则可以正常显示,这里要特别注意一下，建议每个文件都匹配正确的类型
* 比如sendIntent.type="image/jpeg" */ sendIntent.type="=*/*" startActivity(sendIntent)
这里有网上找到的一些类型：
{".3gp", "video/3gpp"},
{".apk", "application/vnd.android.package-archive"},
{".asf", "video/x-ms-asf"},
{".avi", "video/x-msvideo"},
{".bin", "application/octet-stream"},
{".bmp", "image/bmp"},
{".c", "text/plain"},
{".class", "application/octet-stream"},
{".conf", "text/plain"},
{".cpp", "text/plain"},
{".doc", "application/msword"},
{".exe", "application/octet-stream"},
{".gif", "image/gif"},
{".gtar", "application/x-gtar"},
{".gz", "application/x-gzip"},
{".h", "text/plain"},
{".htm", "text/html"},
{".html", "text/html"},
{".jar", "application/java-archive"},
{".java", "text/plain"},
{".jpeg", "image/jpeg"},
{".jpg", "image/jpeg"},
{".js", "application/x-javascript"},
{".log", "text/plain"},
{".m3u", "audio/x-mpegurl"},
{".m4a", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
{".m4b", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
{".m4p", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
{".m4u", "video/vnd.mpegurl"},
{".m4v", "video/x-m4v"},
{".mov", "video/quicktime"},
{".mp2", "audio/x-mpeg"},
{".mp3", "audio/x-mpeg"},
{".mp4", "video/mp4"},
{".mpc", "application/vnd.mpohun.certificate"},
{".mpe", "video/mpeg"},
{".mpeg", "video/mpeg"},
{".mpg", "video/mpeg"},
{".mpg4", "video/mp4"},
{".mpga", "audio/mpeg"},
{".msg", "application/vnd.ms-outlook"},
{".ogg", "audio/ogg"},
{".pdf", "application/pdf"},
{".png", "image/png"},
{".pps", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
{".ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
{".prop", "text/plain"},
{".rar", "application/x-rar-compressed"},
{".rc", "text/plain"},
{".rmvb", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"},
{".rtf", "application/rtf"},
{".sh", "text/plain"},
{".tar", "application/x-tar"},
{".tgz", "application/x-compressed"},
{".txt", "text/plain"},
{".wav", "audio/x-wav"},
{".wma", "audio/x-ms-wma"},
{".wmv", "audio/x-ms-wmv"},
{".wps", "application/vnd.ms-works"},
{".xml", "text/plain"},
{".z", "application/x-compress"},
{".zip", "application/zip"},
{"", "*/*"}
下面是一个查询文件类型的方法：
private fun getMimeType(filePath:String): String? { val mmr = MediaMetadataRetriever() var mime: String? = "text/plain" mime = try { mmr.setDataSource(filePath) mmr.extractMetadata(MediaMetadataRetriever.METADATA_KEY_MIMETYPE) } catch (e: IllegalStateException) { return mime } catch (e: IllegalArgumentException) { return mime } catch (e: RuntimeException) { return mime } return mime }
配合上面的方法和自身增加一些判断条件可以改为（判断条件自行发挥）
val sendIntent = Intent() val uri: Uri val file = File(it.path!!) uri = if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) { FileProvider.getUriForFile(applicationContext, "com.mxy.filemanger.fileprovider", file); } else { Uri.fromFile(file) } sendIntent.action = Intent.ACTION_SEND sendIntent.flags = Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri) val mimeType = getMimeType(file.absolutePath) if (mimeType.isNullOrEmpty()&&FormatsUtils.endWithPhoto(file.absolutePath)) { sendIntent.type = "image/jpeg" }else{ sendIntent.type = mimeType } startActivity(sendIntent)
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