添加列
ALTER TABLE `project_id.dataset_id.table_id`
ADD COLUMN new_column_name STRING;
删除列
ALTER TABLE `project_id.dataset_id.table_id`
DROP COLUMN column_name;
重命名列
ALTER TABLE `project_id.dataset_id.table_id`
RENAME COLUMN old_column_name TO new_column_name;
修改列类型
ALTER TABLE `project_id.dataset_id.table_id`
ALTER COLUMN column_name SET DATA TYPE INT64;
使用 CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE 语句
CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE `project_id.dataset_id.table_id` AS
SELECT
column1,
column2,
new_column_name AS new_column_alias
FROM
`project_id.dataset_id.table_id`;