ShellExecute API函数用法简介
有几个API函数都可以实现这些功能,但是在大多数情况下ShellExecute是更多的被使用的,同时它并不是太复杂。
编辑本段原型及参数含义
ShellExecute函数原型及参数含义如下:
ShellExecute( hWnd: HWND; {指定父窗口句柄}
Operation: PChar; {指定动作, 譬如: open、print}
FileName: PChar; {指定要打开的文件或程序}
Parameters: PChar; {给要打开的程序指定参数; 如果打开的是文件这里应该是 nil}
Directory: PChar; {缺省目录}
ShowCmd: Integer {打开选项}
): HINST; {执行成功会返回应用程序句柄; 如果这个值 <= 32, 表示执行错误} //返回值可能的错误有: = 0 {内存不足}
ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND = 2; {文件名错误}
ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND = 3; {路径名错误}
ERROR_BAD_FORMAT = 11; {EXE 文件无效}
SE_ERR_SHARE = 26; {发生共享错误}
SE_ERR_ASSOCINCOMPLETE = 27; {文件名不完全或无效}
SE_ERR_DDETIMEOUT = 28; {超时}
SE_ERR_DDEFAIL = 29; {DDE 事务失败}
SE_ERR_DDEBUSY = 30; {正在处理其他 DDE 事务而不能完成该 DDE 事务} SE_ERR_NOASSOC = 31; {没有相关联的应用程序} //ShowCmd 参数可选值:SW_HIDE = 0; {隐藏}
SW_SHOWNORMAL = 1; {用最近的大小和位置显示, 激活}
SW_NORMAL = 1; {同 SW_SHOWNORMAL}
SW_SHOWMINIMIZED = 2; {最小化, 激活}
SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED = 3; {最大化, 激活}
SW_MAXIMIZE = 3; {同 SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED}
SW_SHOWNOACTIVATE = 4; {用最近的大小和位置显示, 不激活}
SW_SHOW = 5; {同 SW_SHOWNORMAL}
SW_MINIMIZE = 6; {最小化, 不激活}
SW_SHOWMINNOACTIVE = 7; {同 SW_MINIMIZE}
SW_SHOWNA = 8; {同 SW_SHOWNOACTIVATE}
SW_RESTORE = 9; {同 SW_SHOWNORMAL}
SW_SHOWDEFAULT = 10; {同 SW_SHOWNORMAL}
SW_MAX = 10; {同 SW_SHOWNORMAL}
编辑本段例子
调用计算器
ShellExecute(NULL,"open","calc.exe",VBNULLString,VBNULLString,SW_SHOWNORMAL);
调用记事本
ShellExecute(NULL,"open","NOTEPAD.EXE",VBNULLString,VBNULLString,SW_SHOWNORMAL);
●hWnd:用于指定父窗口句柄。当函数调用过程出现错误时,它将作为Windows消息窗口的父窗口。例如,可以将其设置为应用程序主窗口句柄,即Application.Handle,也可以将其设置为桌面窗口句柄(用GetDesktopWindow函数获得)。
●Operation:用于指定要进行的操作。其中"open"操作表示执行由FileName参数指定的程序,或打开由FileName参数指定的文件或文件夹;"print"操作表示打印由FileName参数指定的文件;"explore"操作表示浏览由FileName参数指定的文件夹。当参数设为nil时,表示执行默认操作"open"。
●FileName:用于指定要打开的文件名、要执行的程序文件名或要浏览的文件夹名。
●Parameters:若FileName参数是一个可执行程序,则此参数指定命令行参数,否则此参数应为nil或PChar(0)。
●Directory:用于指定默认目录。
●ShowCmd:若FileName参数是一个可执行程序,则此参数指定程序窗口的初始显示方式,否则此参数应设置为0。
若ShellExecute函数调用成功,则返回值为被执行程序的实例句柄。若返回值小于32,则表示出现错误。
上述仅仅是ShellExecute函数的标准用法,下面将介绍它的特殊用法。
编辑本段2.特殊用法
如果将FileName参数设置为"http:"协议格式,那么该函数将打开默认浏览器并链接到指定的URL地址。若用户机器中安装了多个浏览器,则该函数将根据Windows 9x/NT注册表中http协议处理程序(Protocols Handler)的设置确定启动哪个浏览器。
格式一:http://网站域名。
如:ShellExecute(Handle, "open", "http://www.neu.edu.cn", NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL);
格式二:http://网站域名/网页文件名。
如:ShellExecute(Handle, "open"," http:// ; www.neu.edu.cn/default.htm",NULL,NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL); 如果将FileName参数设置为"mailto:"协议格式,那么该函数将启动默认邮件客户程序,如Microsoft Outlook(也包括Microsoft Outlook Express)或Netscape Messanger。若用户机器中安装了多个邮件客户程序,则该函数将根据Windows 9x/NT注册表中mailto协议处理程序的设置确定启动哪个邮件客户程序。
格式一:mailto:
如:ShellExecute(Handle,"open", "mailto:", NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL);打开新邮件窗口。
格式二:mailto:用户账号@邮件服务器地址
如:ShellExecute(Handle, "open"," mailto:who@mail.neu.edu.cn", NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL);打开新邮件窗口,并自动填入收件人地址。若指定多个收件人地址,则收件人地址之间必须用分号或逗号分隔开(下同)。
格式三:mailto:用户账号@邮件服务器地址?
subject=邮件主题&body=邮件正文 如:ShellExecute(handle, 'open', ' mailto:who@mail.neu.edu.cn?subject=Hello&Body=This is a test',NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL);打开新邮件窗口,并自动填入收件人地址、邮件主题和邮件正文。若邮件正文包括多行文本,则必须在每行文本之间加入换行转义字符%0a。
例子(delphi): 在一个应用程序调用c:\Project1.exe; ShellExecute(handle, 'open',"c:\Project1.exe",'字串内容',NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL); 在Project1.exe里可以调用: procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject); var i:integer; begin for i:=1 to paramcount do if ParamStr(i)<>'' then showmessage(ParamStr(i)); end; 最后的那个参数,为窗口指定可视性方面的一个命令。 请用下述任何一个常数 SW_HIDE 隐藏窗口,活动状态给另一个窗口 SW_MINIMIZE 最小化窗口,活动状态给另一个窗口 SW_RESTORE 用原来的大小和位置显示一个窗口,同时令其进入活动状态 SW_SHOW 用当前的大小和位置显示一个窗口,同时令其进入活动状态 SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED 最大化窗口,并将其激活 SW_SHOWMINIMIZED 最小化窗口,并将其激活 SW_SHOWMINNOACTIVE 最小化一个窗口,同时不改变活动窗口 SW_SHOWNA 用当前的大小和位置显示一个窗口,不改变活动窗口 SW_SHOWNOACTIVATE 用最近的大小和位置显示一个窗口,同时不改变活动窗口 SW_SHOWNORMAL 与SW_RESTORE相同
ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "open", "http://wpa.qq.com/msgrd?V=1&Uin=493349636&Site=ioshenmue&Menu=yes", vbNullString, vbNullString, SW_MINIMIZE
VB ShellExecute 函数
ShellExecute
声明:
Private Declare Function ShellExecute Lib "shell32.dll" Alias "ShellExecuteA" _ (ByVal hWnd As Long, ByVal lpOperation As String, _ ByVal lpFile As String, ByVal lpParameters As String, _ ByVal lpDirectory As String, ByVal nShowCmd As Long) As Long
原型:
HINSTANCE ShellExecute(
HWND hwnd, //父窗口句柄
LPCTSTR lpOperation, //操作,"open","print","explore"
LPCTSTR lpFile, //文件名,前面可加路径
LPCTSTR lpParameters, //参数
LPCTSTR lpDirectory, //默认文件夹
INT nShowCmd //显示方式
);
打开一个应用程序
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","calc.exe","","", SW_SHOW );
或
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","notepad.exe","c:MyLog.log","",SW_SHOW );
打开一个同系统程序相关连的文档
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","c:abc.txt","","",SW_SHOW );
激活相关程序,发送EMAIL
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","mailto:xxf@5y6s.com","","", SW_SHOW );
打开文件夹
ShellExecute(handle, "open", path_to_folder, NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL)
用系统打印机打印文档
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"print","c:abc.txt","","", SW_HIDE);
本函数还可以用来连接到网页,照下面写就行了:
ShellExecute 0&, vbNullString, "", vbNullString, vbNullString, vbNormalFocus
或者这样写来发送Email:
ShellExecute me.hwnd, "open", "mailto:xxf@5y6s.com", vbNullString, vbNullString, SW_SHOW
另外有ShellExecute的替代用法,更加简单实用,不用API,一句Shell搞定!
连接到网页:
Shell "rundll32.exe url.dll,FileProtocolHandler "
打开文件:
Shell "rundll32.exe url.dll,FileProtocolHandler " & App.Path & "SHELLTST.TXT"
ShellExecute API应用整理
作者: yanek
1. 执行"打开","查找","资源管理器"和"打印"
必要的声明:
' nShowCmd
Public Const SW_HIDE = 0
Public Const SW_SHOWNORMAL = 1
Public Const SW_SHOWMINIMIZED = 2
Public Const SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED = 3
Public Const SW_MAXIMIZE = 3
Public Const SW_SHOWNOACTIVATE = 4
Public Const SW_SHOW = 5
Public Const SW_MINIMIZE = 6
Public Const SW_SHOWMINNOACTIVE = 7
Public Const SW_SHOWNA = 8
Public Const SW_RESTORE = 9
' Error Code
Public Const ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND = 2
Public Const ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND = 3
Public Const ERROR_BAD_FORMAT = 11
Public Const SE_ERR_FNF = 2
Public Const SE_ERR_PNF = 3
Public Const SE_ERR_ACCESSDENIED = 5
Public Const SE_ERR_OOM = 8
Public Const SE_ERR_SHARE = 26
Public Const SE_ERR_ASSOCINCOMPLETE = 27
Public Const SE_ERR_DDETIMEOUT = 28
Public Const SE_ERR_DDEFAIL = 29
Public Const SE_ERR_DDEBUSY = 30
Public Const SE_ERR_NOASSOC = 31
Public Const SE_ERR_DLLNOTFOUND = 32
Public Declare Function ShellExecute Lib "shell32.dll" _
Alias "ShellExecuteA" _
(ByVal hwnd As Long, _
ByVal lpOperation As String, _
ByVal lpFile As String, _
ByVal lpParameters As String, _
ByVal lpDirectory As String, _
ByVal nShowCmd As Long) As Long
"打开"操作 ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "open", Text1.Text, vbNullString, vbNullString, SW_SHOWNORMAL
"查找"操作 ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "find", LocalDir,vbNullString, vbNullString, SW_SHOWNORMAL
"打印"操作 ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "print",Text1.Text,vbNullString, vbNullString, SW_SHOWNORMAL
"资源管理器"ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "explore", LocalDir, vbNullString, vbNullString, SW_SHOWNORMAL
打开"我的文档"ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "open", "explorer",vbNullString, vbNullString,SW_SHOWNORMAL
打开"我的电脑"ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "open", "explorer", "::{20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D}", vbNullString, SW_SHOWNORMAL
打开"网上邻居"ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "open", "explorer", "::{208D2C60-3AEA-1069-A2D7-08002B30309D}", vbNullString, SW_SHOWNORMAL
打开"回收站"ShellExecute Me.hwnd, "open", "explorer", "::{645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E}", vbNullString, SW_SHOWNORMAL
ShellExecuteEx API演示
必要声明:
Public Type SHELLEXECUTEINFO
cbSize As Long
fMask As Long
hwnd As Long
lpVerb As String
lpFile As String
lpParameters As String
lpDirectory As String
nShow As Long
hInstApp As Long
' Optional fields
lpIDList As Long
lpClass As String
hkeyClass As Long
dwHotKey As Long
hIcon As Long
hProcess As Long
End Type
' fMask
Public Const SEE_MASK_CLASSKEY = &H3
Public Const SEE_MASK_CLASSNAME = &H1
Public Const SEE_MASK_CONNECTNETDRV = &H80
Public Const SEE_MASK_DOENVSUBST = &H200
Public Const SEE_MASK_FLAG_DDEWAIT = &H100
Public Const SEE_MASK_FLAG_NO_UI = &H400
Public Const SEE_MASK_HOTKEY = &H20
Public Const SEE_MASK_ICON = &H10
Public Const SEE_MASK_IDLIST = &H4
Public Const SEE_MASK_INVOKEIDLIST = &HC
Public Const SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS = &H40
Public Declare Function ShellExecuteEX Lib "shell32.dll" _
Alias "ShellExecuteEx" _
(lpExecInfo As SHELLEXECUTEINFO) As Boolean
执行调用"文件属性"对话框
Dim dwReturn As Long
Dim lpExecInfo As SHELLEXECUTEINFO
With lpExecInfo
.cbSize = Len(lpExecInfo)
.fMask = SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS Or _
SEE_MASK_INVOKEIDLIST Or _
SEE_MASK_FLAG_NO_UI
.hwnd = Me.hwnd
.lpVerb = "properties"
.lpFile = LocalDir & File1.FileName
.lpParameters = vbNullChar
.lpDirectory = vbNullChar
.nShow = SW_SHOWNORMAL
.hInstApp = 0
.lpIDList = 0
End With
dwReturn = ShellExecuteEX(lpExecInfo)

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