4. DVWA亲测暴力破解
LOW等级
我们先用burpsuite抓包，因为burpsuite提供了暴力破解模块
我们先创建一个1.txt文件夹，把正确的账号密码写进去
我们输入 Username:1 Password:1 进行抓包，然后发送到intruder(攻击)模块
Sniper标签这个是我们最常用的，Sniper是狙击手的意思。这个模式会使用单一的payload【就是导入字典的payload】组。它会针对每个position中$$位置设置payload。这种攻击类型适合对常见漏洞中的请求参数单独地进行测试。攻击中的请求总数应该是position数量和payload数量的乘积。
Battering ram – 这一模式是使用单一的payload组。它会重复payload并且一次把所有相同的payload放入指定的位置中。这种攻击适合那种需要在请求中把相同的输入放到多个位置的情况。请求的总数是payload组中payload的总数。简单说就是一个playload字典同时应用到多个position中
Pitchfork – 这一模式是使用多个payload组。对于定义的位置可以使用不同的payload组。攻击会同步迭代所有的payload组，把payload放入每个定义的位置中。比如：position中A处有a字典，B处有b字典，则a【1】将会对应b【1】进行attack处理，这种攻击类型非常适合那种不同位置中需要插入不同但相关的输入的情况。请求的数量应该是最小的payload组中的payload数量
Cluster bomb – 这种模式会使用多个payload组。每个定义的位置中有不同的payload组。攻击会迭代每个payload组，每种payload组合都会被测试一遍。比如：position中A处有a字典，B处有b字典，则两个字典将会循环搭配组合进行attack处理这种攻击适用于那种位置中需要不同且不相关或者未知的输入的攻击。攻击请求的总数是各payload组中payload数量的乘积。
果然爆出了正确的账号跟密码
同样，我们也可以用python进行暴力破解:
Medium等级
经验证发现用LOW等级的方法依然可以进行暴力破解，但是明显可以感觉用的时间比LOW等级长
我们能来看一下源代码：
<?php if( isset( $_GET[ 'Login' ] ) ) { // Sanitise username input $user = $_GET[ 'username' ]; $user = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $user ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : "")); // Sanitise password input $pass = $_GET[ 'password' ]; $pass = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $pass ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : "")); $pass = md5( $pass ); // Check the database $query = "SELECT * FROM `users` WHERE user = '$user' AND password = '$pass';"; $result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' ); if( $result && mysqli_num_rows( $result ) == 1 ) { // Get users details $row = mysqli_fetch_assoc( $result ); $avatar = $row["avatar"]; // Login successful echo "<p>Welcome to the password protected area {$user}</p>"; echo "<img src=\"{$avatar}\" />"; } else { // Login failed sleep( 2 ); echo "<pre><br />Username and/or password incorrect.</pre>"; } ((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res); } ?>
中间有个sleep(2)的php函数，即是如果账号或者密码错误，程序停止运行两秒，导致medium等级的爆破所用时间更长
High等级
我们先来抓包看一下，输入username:1 password:1 ,抓到的包如图：
多了一个user_token的验证
我们来看一下源代码：
<?php if( isset( $_GET[ 'Login' ] ) ) { // Check Anti-CSRF token checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' ); // Sanitise username input $user = $_GET[ 'username' ]; $user = stripslashes( $user ); $user = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $user ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : "")); // Sanitise password input $pass = $_GET[ 'password' ]; $pass = stripslashes( $pass ); $pass = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $pass ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : "")); $pass = md5( $pass ); // Check database $query = "SELECT * FROM `users` WHERE user = '$user' AND password = '$pass';"; $result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' ); if( $result && mysqli_num_rows( $result ) == 1 ) { // Get users details $row = mysqli_fetch_assoc( $result ); $avatar = $row["avatar"]; // Login successful echo "<p>Welcome to the password protected area {$user}</p>"; echo "<img src=\"{$avatar}\" />"; } else { // Login failed sleep( rand( 0, 3 ) ); echo "<pre><br />Username and/or password incorrect.</pre>"; } ((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res); } // Generate Anti-CSRF token generateSessionToken(); ?>
这里利用burp来爆破带有规律性的token验证：
1.抓包，选择Pitchfork(草叉模式)，添加爆破的参数
2.在Options中找到Request Engine模块，把线程数设为1
3.在Options中找到Rediections模块，选择always，允许重定向
4.在Options中找到Grep-Extract模块，点击Add，并设置筛选条件，得到user_token。
5.在Payloads中为选择的参数设置字典
6.开始爆破
根据返回长度的大小，可以得到正确的用户密码
除了burpsuite爆破，也可以通过python脚本实现，鄙人较菜，代码不好看，但是经实验可以运行：
代码执行结果：
impossible等级
impossible几乎是不可能注入，我们来看一下代码
<?php if( isset( $_POST[ 'Login' ] ) ) { // Check Anti-CSRF token checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' ); // Sanitise username input $user = $_POST[ 'username' ]; $user = stripslashes( $user ); $user = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $user ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : "")); // Sanitise password input $pass = $_POST[ 'password' ]; $pass = stripslashes( $pass ); $pass = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $pass ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : "")); $pass = md5( $pass ); // Default values $total_failed_login = 3; $lockout_time = 15; $account_locked = false; // Check the database (Check user information) $data = $db->prepare( 'SELECT failed_login, last_login FROM users WHERE user = (:user) LIMIT 1;' ); $data->bindParam( ':user', $user, PDO::PARAM_STR ); $data->execute(); $row = $data->fetch(); // Check to see if the user has been locked out. if( ( $data->rowCount() == 1 ) && ( $row[ 'failed_login' ] >= $total_failed_login ) ) { // User locked out. Note, using this method would allow for user enumeration! //echo "<pre><br />This account has been locked due to too many incorrect logins.</pre>"; // Calculate when the user would be allowed to login again $last_login = strtotime( $row[ 'last_login' ] ); $timeout = $last_login + ($lockout_time * 60); $timenow = time(); /* print "The last login was: " . date ("h:i:s", $last_login) . "<br />"; print "The timenow is: " . date ("h:i:s", $timenow) . "<br />"; print "The timeout is: " . date ("h:i:s", $timeout) . "<br />"; */ // Check to see if enough time has passed, if it hasn't locked the account if( $timenow < $timeout ) { $account_locked = true; // print "The account is locked<br />"; } } // Check the database (if username matches the password) $data = $db->prepare( 'SELECT * FROM users WHERE user = (:user) AND password = (:password) LIMIT 1;' ); $data->bindParam( ':user', $user, PDO::PARAM_STR); $data->bindParam( ':password', $pass, PDO::PARAM_STR ); $data->execute(); $row = $data->fetch(); // If its a valid login... if( ( $data->rowCount() == 1 ) && ( $account_locked == false ) ) { // Get users details $avatar = $row[ 'avatar' ]; $failed_login = $row[ 'failed_login' ]; $last_login = $row[ 'last_login' ]; // Login successful echo "<p>Welcome to the password protected area <em>{$user}</em></p>"; echo "<img src=\"{$avatar}\" />"; // Had the account been locked out since last login? if( $failed_login >= $total_failed_login ) { echo "<p><em>Warning</em>: Someone might of been brute forcing your account.</p>"; echo "<p>Number of login attempts: <em>{$failed_login}</em>.<br />Last login attempt was at: <em>${last_login}</em>.</p>"; } // Reset bad login count $data = $db->prepare( 'UPDATE users SET failed_login = "0" WHERE user = (:user) LIMIT 1;' ); $data->bindParam( ':user', $user, PDO::PARAM_STR ); $data->execute(); } else { // Login failed sleep( rand( 2, 4 ) ); // Give the user some feedback echo "<pre><br />Username and/or password incorrect.<br /><br/>Alternative, the account has been locked because of too many failed logins.<br />If this is the case, <em>please try again in {$lockout_time} minutes</em>.</pre>"; // Update bad login count $data = $db->prepare( 'UPDATE users SET failed_login = (failed_login + 1) WHERE user = (:user) LIMIT 1;' ); $data->bindParam( ':user', $user, PDO::PARAM_STR ); $data->execute(); } // Set the last login time $data = $db->prepare( 'UPDATE users SET last_login = now() WHERE user = (:user) LIMIT 1;' ); $data->bindParam( ':user', $user, PDO::PARAM_STR ); $data->execute(); } // Generate Anti-CSRF token generateSessionToken(); ?>
我们尝试输入错误的用户名跟密码：
发现再次尝试要等到15分钟后，果然是impossible等级，限制了暴力破解，多次尝试输入
所以说要防止暴力破解：
