002-04-RestTemplate 使用常见问题
一、使用
同前三节：ClientGetGoodsByGoodsIdResponse response = restTemplate.postForObject(svcUrl, request, Response.class);
二、问题汇总
1、no suitable HttpMessageConverter found for request type异常
这个问题通常会出现在postForObject中传入对象进行调用的时候。
分析RestTemplate源码，在HttpEntityRequestCallback类的doWithRequest方法中，如果messageConverters（这个字段后面会继续提及）列表字段循环处理的过程中没有满足return跳出的逻辑（也就是没有匹配的HttpMessageConverter），则抛出上述异常：
@Override @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public void doWithRequest(ClientHttpRequest httpRequest) throws IOException { super.doWithRequest(httpRequest); Object requestBody = this.requestEntity.getBody(); if (requestBody == null) { HttpHeaders httpHeaders = httpRequest.getHeaders(); HttpHeaders requestHeaders = this.requestEntity.getHeaders(); if (!requestHeaders.isEmpty()) { for (Map.Entry<String, List<String>> entry : requestHeaders.entrySet()) { httpHeaders.put(entry.getKey(), new LinkedList<>(entry.getValue())); } } if (httpHeaders.getContentLength() < 0) { httpHeaders.setContentLength(0L); } } else { Class<?> requestBodyClass = requestBody.getClass(); Type requestBodyType = (this.requestEntity instanceof RequestEntity ? ((RequestEntity<?>)this.requestEntity).getType() : requestBodyClass); HttpHeaders httpHeaders = httpRequest.getHeaders(); HttpHeaders requestHeaders = this.requestEntity.getHeaders(); MediaType requestContentType = requestHeaders.getContentType(); for (HttpMessageConverter<?> messageConverter : getMessageConverters()) { if (messageConverter instanceof GenericHttpMessageConverter) { GenericHttpMessageConverter<Object> genericConverter = (GenericHttpMessageConverter<Object>) messageConverter; if (genericConverter.canWrite(requestBodyType, requestBodyClass, requestContentType)) { if (!requestHeaders.isEmpty()) { for (Map.Entry<String, List<String>> entry : requestHeaders.entrySet()) { httpHeaders.put(entry.getKey(), new LinkedList<>(entry.getValue())); } } if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { if (requestContentType != null) { logger.debug("Writing [" + requestBody + "] as \"" + requestContentType + "\" using [" + messageConverter + "]"); } else { logger.debug("Writing [" + requestBody + "] using [" + messageConverter + "]"); } } genericConverter.write(requestBody, requestBodyType, requestContentType, httpRequest); return; } } else if (messageConverter.canWrite(requestBodyClass, requestContentType)) { if (!requestHeaders.isEmpty()) { for (Map.Entry<String, List<String>> entry : requestHeaders.entrySet()) { httpHeaders.put(entry.getKey(), new LinkedList<>(entry.getValue())); } } if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { if (requestContentType != null) { logger.debug("Writing [" + requestBody + "] as \"" + requestContentType + "\" using [" + messageConverter + "]"); } else { logger.debug("Writing [" + requestBody + "] using [" + messageConverter + "]"); } } ((HttpMessageConverter<Object>) messageConverter).write( requestBody, requestContentType, httpRequest); return; } } String message = "Could not write request: no suitable HttpMessageConverter found for request type [" + requestBodyClass.getName() + "]"; if (requestContentType != null) { message += " and content type [" + requestContentType + "]"; } throw new RestClientException(message); } } HttpEntityRequestCallback.doWithRequest
最简单的解决方案是，可以通过包装http请求头，并将请求对象序列化成字符串的形式传参，参考示例代码如下：
/* * Post请求调用 * */ public static String postForObject(RestTemplate restTemplate, String url, Object params) { HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders(); MediaType type = MediaType.parseMediaType("application/json; charset=UTF-8"); headers.setContentType(type); headers.add("Accept", MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON.toString()); String json = JSON.toJSONString(params); HttpEntity<String> formEntity = new HttpEntity<String>(json, headers); String result = restTemplate.postForObject(url, formEntity, String.class); return result; }
如果我们还想直接返回对象，直接反序列化返回的字符串即可：
/* * Post请求调用 * */ public static <T> T postForObject(RestTemplate restTemplate, String url, Object params, Class<T> clazz) { T response = null; String respStr = postForObject(restTemplate, url, params); response = JSON.parseObject(respStr, clazz); return response; }
其中，序列化和反序列化工具比较多，常用的比如fastjson、jackson和gson。
2、no suitable HttpMessageConverter found for response type异常
和发起请求发生异常一样，处理应答的时候也会有问题。
StackOverflow上有人问过相同的问题，根本原因是HTTP消息转换器HttpMessageConverter缺少MIME Type，也就是说HTTP在把输出结果传送到客户端的时候，客户端必须启动适当的应用程序来处理这个输出文档，这可以通过多种MIME（多功能网际邮件扩充协议）Type来完成。
对于服务端应答，很多HttpMessageConverter默认支持的媒体类型（MIMEType）都不同。StringHttpMessageConverter默认支持的则是MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN，SourceHttpMessageConverter默认支持的则是MediaType.TEXT_XML，FormHttpMessageConverter默认支持的是MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED和MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA，在REST服务中，我们用到的最多的还是MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter，这是一个比较通用的转化器（继承自GenericHttpMessageConverter接口），根据分析，它默认支持的MIMEType为MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON：
/** * Construct a new {@link MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter} with a custom {@link ObjectMapper}. * You can use {@link Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder} to build it easily. * @see Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder#json() */ public MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter(ObjectMapper objectMapper) { super(objectMapper, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON, new MediaType("application", "*+json")); }
但是有些应用接口默认的应答MIMEType不是application/json，比如我们调用一个外部天气预报接口，如果使用RestTemplate的默认配置，直接返回一个字符串应答是没有问题的：
String url = "http://wthrcdn.etouch.cn/weather_mini?city=上海"; String result = restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class); ClientWeatherResultVO vo = SerializeUtil.DeSerialize(result, ClientWeatherResultVO.class);
但是，如果我们想直接返回一个实体对象：
String url = "http://wthrcdn.etouch.cn/weather_mini?city=上海"; ClientWeatherResultVO weatherResultVO = restTemplate.getForObject(url, ClientWeatherResultVO.class);
则直接报异常：
Could not extract response: no suitable HttpMessageConverter found for response type [class ]
and content type [application/octet-stream]
很多人碰到过这个问题，首次碰到估计大多都比较懵吧，很多接口都是json或者xml或者plain text格式返回的，什么是application/octet-stream？
查看RestTemplate源代码，一路跟踪下去会发现HttpMessageConverterExtractor类的extractData方法有个解析应答及反序列化逻辑，如果不成功，抛出的异常信息和上述一致：
@Override @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes", "resource"}) public T extractData(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException { MessageBodyClientHttpResponseWrapper responseWrapper = new MessageBodyClientHttpResponseWrapper(response); if (!responseWrapper.hasMessageBody() || responseWrapper.hasEmptyMessageBody()) { return null; } MediaType contentType = getContentType(responseWrapper); try { for (HttpMessageConverter<?> messageConverter : this.messageConverters) { if (messageConverter instanceof GenericHttpMessageConverter) { GenericHttpMessageConverter<?> genericMessageConverter = (GenericHttpMessageConverter<?>) messageConverter; if (genericMessageConverter.canRead(this.responseType, null, contentType)) { if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Reading [" + this.responseType + "] as \"" + contentType + "\" using [" + messageConverter + "]"); } return (T) genericMessageConverter.read(this.responseType, null, responseWrapper); } } if (this.responseClass != null) { if (messageConverter.canRead(this.responseClass, contentType)) { if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Reading [" + this.responseClass.getName() + "] as \"" + contentType + "\" using [" + messageConverter + "]"); } return (T) messageConverter.read((Class) this.responseClass, responseWrapper); } } } } catch (IOException | HttpMessageNotReadableException ex) { throw new RestClientException("Error while extracting response for type [" + this.responseType + "] and content type [" + contentType + "]", ex); } throw new RestClientException("Could not extract response: no suitable HttpMessageConverter found " + "for response type [" + this.responseType + "] and content type [" + contentType + "]"); } HttpMessageConverterExtractor.extractData
StackOverflow上的解决的示例代码可以接受，但是并不准确，常见的MIMEType都应该加进去，贴一下我认为正确的代码：
package com.power.demo.restclient.config; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; import com.google.common.collect.Lists; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.http.converter.*; import org.springframework.http.converter.cbor.MappingJackson2CborHttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.feed.AtomFeedHttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.feed.RssChannelHttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.json.GsonHttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.json.JsonbHttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.smile.MappingJackson2SmileHttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.support.AllEncompassingFormHttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.xml.Jaxb2RootElementHttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.xml.MappingJackson2XmlHttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.xml.SourceHttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; @Component public class RestTemplateConfig { private static final boolean romePresent = ClassUtils.isPresent("com.rometools.rome.feed.WireFeed", RestTemplate .class.getClassLoader()); private static final boolean jaxb2Present = ClassUtils.isPresent("javax.xml.bind.Binder", RestTemplate.class.getClassLoader()); private static final boolean jackson2Present = ClassUtils.isPresent("com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper", RestTemplate.class.getClassLoader()) && ClassUtils.isPresent("com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator", RestTemplate.class.getClassLoader()); private static final boolean jackson2XmlPresent = ClassUtils.isPresent("com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.xml.XmlMapper", RestTemplate.class.getClassLoader()); private static final boolean jackson2SmilePresent = ClassUtils.isPresent("com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.smile.SmileFactory", RestTemplate.class.getClassLoader()); private static final boolean jackson2CborPresent = ClassUtils.isPresent("com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.cbor.CBORFactory", RestTemplate.class.getClassLoader()); private static final boolean gsonPresent = ClassUtils.isPresent("com.google.gson.Gson", RestTemplate.class.getClassLoader()); private static final boolean jsonbPresent = ClassUtils.isPresent("javax.json.bind.Jsonb", RestTemplate.class.getClassLoader()); // 启动的时候要注意，由于我们在服务中注入了RestTemplate，所以启动的时候需要实例化该类的一个实例 @Autowired private RestTemplateBuilder builder; @Autowired private ObjectMapper objectMapper; // 使用RestTemplateBuilder来实例化RestTemplate对象，spring默认已经注入了RestTemplateBuilder实例 @Bean public RestTemplate restTemplate() { RestTemplate restTemplate = builder.build(); List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters = Lists.newArrayList(); MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter converter = new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter(); converter.setObjectMapper(objectMapper); //不加会出现异常 //Could not extract response: no suitable HttpMessageConverter found for response type [class ] MediaType[] mediaTypes = new MediaType[]{ MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON, MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8, MediaType.TEXT_HTML, MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN, MediaType.TEXT_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_STREAM_JSON, MediaType.APPLICATION_ATOM_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED, MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF, }; converter.setSupportedMediaTypes(Arrays.asList(mediaTypes)); //messageConverters.add(converter); if (jackson2Present) { messageConverters.add(converter); } else if (gsonPresent) { messageConverters.add(new GsonHttpMessageConverter()); } else if (jsonbPresent) { messageConverters.add(new JsonbHttpMessageConverter()); } messageConverters.add(new FormHttpMessageConverter()); messageConverters.add(new ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter()); messageConverters.add(new StringHttpMessageConverter()); messageConverters.add(new ResourceHttpMessageConverter(false)); messageConverters.add(new SourceHttpMessageConverter()); messageConverters.add(new AllEncompassingFormHttpMessageConverter()); if (romePresent) { messageConverters.add(new AtomFeedHttpMessageConverter()); messageConverters.add(new RssChannelHttpMessageConverter()); } if (jackson2XmlPresent) { messageConverters.add(new MappingJackson2XmlHttpMessageConverter()); } else if (jaxb2Present) { messageConverters.add(new Jaxb2RootElementHttpMessageConverter()); } if (jackson2SmilePresent) { messageConverters.add(new MappingJackson2SmileHttpMessageConverter()); } if (jackson2CborPresent) { messageConverters.add(new MappingJackson2CborHttpMessageConverter()); } restTemplate.setMessageConverters(messageConverters); return restTemplate; } } RestTemplateConfig
看到上面的代码，再对比一下RestTemplate内部实现，就知道我参考了RestTemplate的源码，有洁癖的人可能会说这一坨代码有点啰嗦，上面那一堆static final的变量和messageConverters填充数据方法，暴露了RestTemplate的实现，如果RestTemplate修改了，这里也要改，非常不友好，而且看上去一点也不OO。
经过分析，RestTemplateBuilder.build()构造了RestTemplate对象，只要将内部MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter修改一下支持的MediaType即可，RestTemplate的messageConverters字段虽然是private final的，我们依然可以通过反射修改之，改进后的代码如下：
package com.power.demo.restclient.config; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; import com.google.common.collect.Lists; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; import java.util.Optional; import java.util.stream.Collectors; @Component public class RestTemplateConfig { // 启动的时候要注意，由于我们在服务中注入了RestTemplate，所以启动的时候需要实例化该类的一个实例 @Autowired private RestTemplateBuilder builder; @Autowired private ObjectMapper objectMapper; // 使用RestTemplateBuilder来实例化RestTemplate对象，spring默认已经注入了RestTemplateBuilder实例 @Bean public RestTemplate restTemplate() { RestTemplate restTemplate = builder.build(); List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters = Lists.newArrayList(); MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter converter = new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter(); converter.setObjectMapper(objectMapper); //不加可能会出现异常 //Could not extract response: no suitable HttpMessageConverter found for response type [class ] MediaType[] mediaTypes = new MediaType[]{ MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON, MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM, MediaType.TEXT_HTML, MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN, MediaType.TEXT_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_STREAM_JSON, MediaType.APPLICATION_ATOM_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8, MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF, }; converter.setSupportedMediaTypes(Arrays.asList(mediaTypes)); try { //通过反射设置MessageConverters Field field = restTemplate.getClass().getDeclaredField("messageConverters"); field.setAccessible(true); List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> orgConverterList = (List<HttpMessageConverter<?>>) field.get(restTemplate); Optional<HttpMessageConverter<?>> opConverter = orgConverterList.stream() .filter(x -> x.getClass().getName().equalsIgnoreCase(MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter.class .getName())) .findFirst(); if (opConverter.isPresent() == false) { return restTemplate; } messageConverters.add(converter);//添加MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter //添加原有的剩余的HttpMessageConverter List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> leftConverters = orgConverterList.stream() .filter(x -> x.getClass().getName().equalsIgnoreCase(MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter.class .getName()) == false) .collect(Collectors.toList()); messageConverters.addAll(leftConverters); System.out.println(String.format("【HttpMessageConverter】原有数量：%s，重新构造后数量：%s" , orgConverterList.size(), messageConverters.size())); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } restTemplate.setMessageConverters(messageConverters); return restTemplate; } } RestTemplateConfig
除了一个messageConverters字段，看上去我们不再关心RestTemplate那些外部依赖包和内部构造过程，果然干净简洁好维护了很多。
3、乱码问题
这个也是一个非常经典的问题。解决方案非常简单，找到HttpMessageConverter，看看默认支持的Charset。AbstractJackson2HttpMessageConverter是很多HttpMessageConverter的基类，默认编码为UTF-8：
public abstract class AbstractJackson2HttpMessageConverter extends AbstractGenericHttpMessageConverter<Object> { public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = StandardCharsets.UTF_8; }
而StringHttpMessageConverter比较特殊，有人反馈过发生乱码问题由它默认支持的编码ISO-8859-1引起：
/** * Implementation of {@link HttpMessageConverter} that can read and write strings. * * <p>By default, this converter supports all media types ({@code */*}), * and writes with a {@code Content-Type} of {@code text/plain}. This can be overridden * by setting the {@link #setSupportedMediaTypes supportedMediaTypes} property. * * @author Arjen Poutsma * @author Juergen Hoeller * @since 3.0 */ public class StringHttpMessageConverter extends AbstractHttpMessageConverter<String> { public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1; /** * A default constructor that uses {@code "ISO-8859-1"} as the default charset. * @see #StringHttpMessageConverter(Charset) */ public StringHttpMessageConverter() { this(DEFAULT_CHARSET); } }
如果在使用过程中发生乱码，我们可以通过方法设置HttpMessageConverter支持的编码，常用的有UTF-8、GBK等。
4、反序列化异常
这是开发过程中容易碰到的又一个问题。因为Java的开源框架和工具类非常之多，而且版本更迭频繁，所以经常发生一些意想不到的坑。
以joda time为例，joda time是流行的java时间和日期框架，但是如果你的接口对外暴露joda time的类型，比如DateTime，那么接口调用方（同构和异构系统）可能会碰到序列化难题，反序列化时甚至直接抛出如下异常：
org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConversionException: Type definition error: [simple type, class org.joda.time.Chronology]; nested exception is com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.exc.InvalidDefinitionException: Cannot construct instance of `org.joda.time.Chronology` (no Creators, like default construct, exist): abstract types either need to be mapped to concrete types, have custom deserializer, or contain additional type information
at [Source: (PushbackInputStream);
我在前厂就碰到过，可以参考这里，后来为了调用方便，改回直接暴露Java的Date类型。
当然解决的方案不止这一种，可以使用jackson支持自定义类的序列化和反序列化的方式。在精度要求不是很高的系统里，实现简单的DateTime自定义序列化：
package com.power.demo.util; import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator; import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonSerializer; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider; import org.joda.time.DateTime; import org.joda.time.format.DateTimeFormat; import org.joda.time.format.DateTimeFormatter; import java.io.IOException; /** * 在默认情况下，jackson会将joda time序列化为较为复杂的形式，不利于阅读，并且对象较大。 * <p> * JodaTime 序列化的时候可以将datetime序列化为字符串，更容易读 **/ public class DateTimeSerializer extends JsonSerializer<DateTime> { private static DateTimeFormatter dateFormatter = DateTimeFormat.forPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); @Override public void serialize(DateTime value, JsonGenerator jgen, SerializerProvider provider) throws IOException, JsonProcessingException { jgen.writeString(value.toString(dateFormatter)); } }
以及DateTime反序列化：
package com.power.demo.util; import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParser; import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationContext; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonDeserializer; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode; import org.joda.time.DateTime; import org.joda.time.format.DateTimeFormat; import org.joda.time.format.DateTimeFormatter; import java.io.IOException; /** * JodaTime 反序列化将字符串转化为datetime **/ public class DatetimeDeserializer extends JsonDeserializer<DateTime> { private static DateTimeFormatter dateFormatter = DateTimeFormat.forPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); @Override public DateTime deserialize(JsonParser jp, DeserializationContext context) throws IOException, JsonProcessingException { JsonNode node = jp.getCodec().readTree(jp); String s = node.asText(); DateTime parse = DateTime.parse(s, dateFormatter); return parse; } }
最后可以在RestTemplateConfig类中对常见调用问题进行汇总处理，可以参考如下：
package com.power.demo.restclient.config; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.module.SimpleModule; import com.google.common.collect.Lists; import com.power.demo.util.DateTimeSerializer; import com.power.demo.util.DatetimeDeserializer; import org.joda.time.DateTime; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; import java.util.Optional; import java.util.stream.Collectors; @Component public class RestTemplateConfig { // 启动的时候要注意，由于我们在服务中注入了RestTemplate，所以启动的时候需要实例化该类的一个实例 @Autowired private RestTemplateBuilder builder; @Autowired private ObjectMapper objectMapper; // 使用RestTemplateBuilder来实例化RestTemplate对象，spring默认已经注入了RestTemplateBuilder实例 @Bean public RestTemplate restTemplate() { RestTemplate restTemplate = builder.build(); //注册model,用于实现jackson joda time序列化和反序列化 SimpleModule module = new SimpleModule(); module.addSerializer(DateTime.class, new DateTimeSerializer()); module.addDeserializer(DateTime.class, new DatetimeDeserializer()); objectMapper.registerModule(module); List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters = Lists.newArrayList(); MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter converter = new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter(); converter.setObjectMapper(objectMapper); //不加会出现异常 //Could not extract response: no suitable HttpMessageConverter found for response type [class ] MediaType[] mediaTypes = new MediaType[]{ MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON, MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM, MediaType.TEXT_HTML, MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN, MediaType.TEXT_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_STREAM_JSON, MediaType.APPLICATION_ATOM_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8, MediaType.APPLICATION_PDF, }; converter.setSupportedMediaTypes(Arrays.asList(mediaTypes)); try { //通过反射设置MessageConverters Field field = restTemplate.getClass().getDeclaredField("messageConverters"); field.setAccessible(true); List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> orgConverterList = (List<HttpMessageConverter<?>>) field.get(restTemplate); Optional<HttpMessageConverter<?>> opConverter = orgConverterList.stream() .filter(x -> x.getClass().getName().equalsIgnoreCase(MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter.class .getName())) .findFirst(); if (opConverter.isPresent() == false) { return restTemplate; } messageConverters.add(converter);//添加MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter //添加原有的剩余的HttpMessageConverter List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> leftConverters = orgConverterList.stream() .filter(x -> x.getClass().getName().equalsIgnoreCase(MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter.class .getName()) == false) .collect(Collectors.toList()); messageConverters.addAll(leftConverters); System.out.println(String.format("【HttpMessageConverter】原有数量：%s，重新构造后数量：%s" , orgConverterList.size(), messageConverters.size())); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } restTemplate.setMessageConverters(messageConverters); return restTemplate; } }
目前良好地解决了RestTemplate常见调用问题，而且不需要你写RestTemplate帮助工具类了。
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/jeffwongishandsome/archive/2018/05/17/8995562.html
