java web-03-jsp
1、什么是JSP
java servlet pages:java服务器端页面,也和servlet一样,用于动态web技术;
2、JSP基础语法
JSP表达式:
<%--
jsp表达式
作用:用来将程序的输出,输出到客户端
<%= 变量或者表达式%>
--%>
<%= new java.util.Date()%>
JSP脚本片段:
<%
int sum=0;
for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {
sum = sum + i;
}
out.println(sum);
%>
脚本片段的再实现:
<%
int x=1;
out.println(x);
%>
<p>这是一个jsp文档</p>
<%
out.println(x);
%>
<%-- 在代码嵌入html元素--%>
<%
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
%>
<h1>hello world</h1>
<%
}
%>
JSP声明:
<%!
static {
System.out.println("Loading Servlet!");
}
private int globalVar = 0;
public void hello(){
System.out.println("进入了方法hello");
}
%>
<%
hello();
%>
JSP声明:会被编译到SP生成java的类中!其他的,就会生成到_jspService方法中!
在JSP中,嵌入java代码即可!
JSP注释,不会在客户端显示,HTML就会!
3、JSP指令
<head>
<title>header</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>这是header</h1>
</body>
<head>
<title>footer</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>这是footer</h1>
</body>
<head>
<title>jsp指令</title>
</head>
<body>
<%-- include会将两个页面合二为一 --%>
<%@ include file="common/header.jsp"%>
<h1>网页主体</h1>
<%@ include file="common/footer.jsp"%>
<hr>
<%--二--%>
<%-- jsp:include:拼接页面,本质还是三个--%>
<jsp:include page="/common/header.jsp"></jsp:include>
<h1>网页主体</h1>
<jsp:include page="/common/footer.jsp"></jsp:include>
</body>
错误页面跳转.jsp
<head>
<title>404</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>404</h1>
<img src="../image/404.jpg">
</body>
<head>
<title>500</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>500</h1>
<img src="../image/500.jpg">
</body>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%--如果代码出现错误,则跳转到500页面--%>
<%@ page errorPage="error/500.jsp" %>
<%--指定这个页面是个错误页面--%>
<%--<%@ page isErrorPage="true" %>--%>
<%--如果搜索的路径(文件)不存在,则跳转到404页面--%>
<html>
<head>
<title>错误页面跳转</title>
</head>
<body>
<% int x = 1/0; %>
</body>
</html>
web.xml
<error-page>
<error-code>404</error-code>
<location>/error/404.jsp</location>
</error-page>
4、9大内置对象
存东西
<%--内置对象--%>
<%
pageContext.setAttribute("name1","1号");//只在一个页面中有效
request.setAttribute("name2","2号");//只在一次请求中有效
session.setAttribute("name3","3号");//只在一次会话中有效
application.setAttribute("name4","4号");//只在服务器中有效
%>
<%
//从底层到高层(作用域):page--request--session--application
String name1 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name1");
String name2 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name2");
String name3 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name3");
String name4 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name4");
String name5 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name5");
%>
<%--使用ER表达式输出 ${}--%>
<h1>取出的值为</h1>
<h3>${name1}</h3>
<h3>${name2}</h3>
<h3>${name3}</h3>
<h3>${name4}</h3>
<h3><%=name5%></h3>
实现页面跳转:
<head>
<title>pageContextDemo02</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
pageContext.forward("/index.jsp");
//request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.jsp").forward(request,response);
%>
</body>
获取pageContextDemo01中的数据
<body>
<%
//从pageContext取出,我们通过寻找你的方式来输出
String name1 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name1");
String name2 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name2");
String name3 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name3");
String name4 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name4");
String name5 = (String) pageContext.findAttribute("name5");
%>
<%--使用ER表达式输出 ${}--%>
<h1>取出的值为</h1>
<h3>${name1}</h3>
<h3>${name2}</h3>
<h3>${name3}</h3>
<h3>${name4}</h3>
<h3><%=name5%></h3>
</body>
5、JSP标签、JSTL标签、EL表达式
导包
JSP标签:
<head>
<title>jspTag01</title>
</head>
<body>
<jsp:forward page="/jspTag02.jsp">
<jsp:param name="name" value="张三"/>
<jsp:param name="age" value="20"/>
</jsp:forward>
</body>
<head>
<title>jspTag02</title>
</head>
<body>
名字:<%=request.getParameter("name")%>
年龄:<%=request.getParameter("age")%>
</body>
JSTL表达式:
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>coreif</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="coreif.jsp" method="get">
<%--
EL表达式获取表中的数据
${param.参数名}
--%>
<input type="text" name="username" value="${param.username}">
<input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
<c:if test="${param.username=='admin'}" var="isAdmin">
<c:out value="管理员欢迎你!"/>
</c:if>
<c:out value="${isAdmin}"/>
</body>
</html>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>corewhen</title>
</head>
<body>
<%--定义一个变量score--%>
<c:set var="score" value="99"></c:set>
<c:choose>
<c:when test="${score>=90}">
90
</c:when>
<c:when test="${score>=80}">
80
</c:when>
<c:when test="${score>=70}">
70
</c:when>
<c:when test="${score>=60}">
60
</c:when>
<c:when test="${score<60}">
不及格
</c:when>
</c:choose>
</body>
</html>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.ArrayList" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>coreforeach</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
ArrayList<String> people = new ArrayList<>();
people.add(0,"一");
people.add(1,"二");
people.add(2,"三");
people.add(3,"四");
people.add(4,"五");
request.setAttribute("list",people);
%>
<%--
var , 每一次遍历出来的变量
item , 要遍历的对象
begin , 哪里开始
end , 到哪里
step , 步长
--%>
<c:forEach var="people" items="${list}">
<c:out value="${people}"></c:out>
</c:forEach>
<hr>
<c:forEach var="people" items="${list}" begin="1" end="3" step="2">
<c:out value="${people}"></c:out><br>
</c:forEach>
</body>
</html>
EL表达式: ${ }
- 获取数据
- 执行运算
- 获取web开发的常用对象
6、JavaBean
public class People {
private int id;
private String name;
private int age;
private String address;
}
<head>
<title>javaBean</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
// People people = new People();
// 等价于下面jsp:setProperty
// people.setId(1);
%>
<jsp:useBean id="people" class="com.feng.pojo.People" scope="page"/>
<%--setProperty:设定属性--%>
<jsp:setProperty name="people" property="id" value="1"/>
<jsp:setProperty name="people" property="name" value="tom"/>
<jsp:setProperty name="people" property="age" value="20"/>
<jsp:setProperty name="people" property="address" value="Shanghai"/>
<%--等价于jsp:getProperty--%>
<%--<%=people.getId()%>--%>
id:<jsp:getProperty name="people" property="id"/>
姓名:<jsp:getProperty name="people" property="name"/>
年龄:<jsp:getProperty name="people" property="age"/>
地址:<jsp:getProperty name="people" property="address"/>
</body>

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