Zabbix---数据库表分区
1） 查询zabbix数据库中各种表存储的大小和行数:
mysql> select table_name, (data_length + index_length)/1024/1024 as total_mb, table_rows from information_schema.tables where table_schema='zabbix';
2）共有四个存储过程
partition_create - 这将在给定模式中的给定表上创建一个分区。
partition_drop - 这将删除给定模式中给定表上给定时间戳的分区。
partition_maintenance - 此功能是用户调用的。它负责解析给定的参数，然后根据需要创建/删除分区。
partition_verify - 检查给定模式中给定表上是否启用了分区。如果没有启用，它将创建一个单独的分区。
创建存储过程Sql脚本
# cat partition.sql
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_create`(SCHEMANAME varchar(64), TABLENAME varchar(64), PARTITIONNAME varchar(64), CLOCK int)
BEGIN
/*
SCHEMANAME = The DB schema in which to make changes
TABLENAME = The table with partitions to potentially delete
PARTITIONNAME = The name of the partition to create
*/
/*
Verify that the partition does not already exist
*/
DECLARE RETROWS INT;
SELECT COUNT(1) INTO RETROWS
FROM information_schema.partitions
WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND table_name = TABLENAME AND partition_description >= CLOCK;
IF RETROWS = 0 THEN
/*
1. Print a message indicating that a partition was created.
2. Create the SQL to create the partition.
3. Execute the SQL from #2.
*/
SELECT CONCAT( "partition_create(", SCHEMANAME, ",", TABLENAME, ",", PARTITIONNAME, ",", CLOCK, ")" ) AS msg;
SET @sql = CONCAT( 'ALTER TABLE ', SCHEMANAME, '.', TABLENAME, ' ADD PARTITION (PARTITION ', PARTITIONNAME, ' VALUES LESS THAN (', CLOCK, '));' );
PREPARE STMT FROM @sql;
EXECUTE STMT;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;
END IF;
END$$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_drop`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64), DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE BIGINT)
BEGIN
/*
SCHEMANAME = The DB schema in which to make changes
TABLENAME = The table with partitions to potentially delete
DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE = Delete any partitions with names that are dates older than this one (yyyy-mm-dd)
*/
DECLARE done INT DEFAULT FALSE;
DECLARE drop_part_name VARCHAR(16);
/*
Get a list of all the partitions that are older than the date
in DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE. All partitions are prefixed with
a "p", so use SUBSTRING TO get rid of that character.
*/
DECLARE myCursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT partition_name
FROM information_schema.partitions
WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND table_name = TABLENAME AND CAST(SUBSTRING(partition_name FROM 2) AS UNSIGNED) < DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE;
DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = TRUE;
/*
Create the basics for when we need to drop the partition. Also, create
@drop_partitions to hold a comma-delimited list of all partitions that
should be deleted.
*/
SET @alter_header = CONCAT("ALTER TABLE ", SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME, " DROP PARTITION ");
SET @drop_partitions = "";
/*
Start looping through all the partitions that are too old.
*/
OPEN myCursor;
read_loop: LOOP
FETCH myCursor INTO drop_part_name;
IF done THEN
LEAVE read_loop;
END IF;
SET @drop_partitions = IF(@drop_partitions = "", drop_part_name, CONCAT(@drop_partitions, ",", drop_part_name));
END LOOP;
IF @drop_partitions != "" THEN
/*
1. Build the SQL to drop all the necessary partitions.
2. Run the SQL to drop the partitions.
3. Print out the table partitions that were deleted.
*/
SET @full_sql = CONCAT(@alter_header, @drop_partitions, ";");
PREPARE STMT FROM @full_sql;
EXECUTE STMT;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;
SELECT CONCAT(SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME) AS `table`, @drop_partitions AS `partitions_deleted`;
ELSE
/*
No partitions are being deleted, so print out "N/A" (Not applicable) to indicate
that no changes were made.
*/
SELECT CONCAT(SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME) AS `table`, "N/A" AS `partitions_deleted`;
END IF;
END$$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_maintenance`(SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR(32), TABLE_NAME VARCHAR(32), KEEP_DATA_DAYS INT, HOURLY_INTERVAL INT, CREATE_NEXT_INTERVALS INT)
BEGIN
DECLARE OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE VARCHAR(16);
DECLARE PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
DECLARE OLD_PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
DECLARE LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP INT;
DECLARE CUR_TIME INT;
CALL partition_verify(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, HOURLY_INTERVAL);
SET CUR_TIME = UNIX_TIMESTAMP(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(), '%Y-%m-%d 00:00:00'));
SET @__interval = 1;
create_loop: LOOP
IF @__interval > CREATE_NEXT_INTERVALS THEN
LEAVE create_loop;
END IF;
SET LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP = CUR_TIME + (HOURLY_INTERVAL * @__interval * 3600);
SET PARTITION_NAME = FROM_UNIXTIME(CUR_TIME + HOURLY_INTERVAL * (@__interval - 1) * 3600, 'p%Y%m%d%H00');
IF(PARTITION_NAME != OLD_PARTITION_NAME) THEN
CALL partition_create(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, PARTITION_NAME, LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP);
END IF;
SET @__interval=@__interval+1;
SET OLD_PARTITION_NAME = PARTITION_NAME;
END LOOP;
SET OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE=DATE_FORMAT(DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL KEEP_DATA_DAYS DAY), '%Y%m%d0000');
CALL partition_drop(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE);
END$$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_verify`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64), HOURLYINTERVAL INT(11))
BEGIN
DECLARE PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
DECLARE RETROWS INT(11);
DECLARE FUTURE_TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMP;
/*
* Check if any partitions exist for the given SCHEMANAME.TABLENAME.
*/
SELECT COUNT(1) INTO RETROWS
FROM information_schema.partitions
WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND table_name = TABLENAME AND partition_name IS NULL;
/*
* If partitions do not exist, go ahead and partition the table
*/
IF RETROWS = 1 THEN
/*
* Take the current date at 00:00:00 and add HOURLYINTERVAL to it. This is the timestamp below which we will store values.
* We begin partitioning based on the beginning of a day. This is because we don't want to generate a random partition
* that won't necessarily fall in line with the desired partition naming (ie: if the hour interval is 24 hours, we could
* end up creating a partition now named "p201403270600" when all other partitions will be like "p201403280000").
*/
SET FUTURE_TIMESTAMP = TIMESTAMPADD(HOUR, HOURLYINTERVAL, CONCAT(CURDATE(), " ", '00:00:00'));
SET PARTITION_NAME = DATE_FORMAT(CURDATE(), 'p%Y%m%d%H00');
-- Create the partitioning query
SET @__PARTITION_SQL = CONCAT("ALTER TABLE ", SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME, " PARTITION BY RANGE(`clock`)");
SET @__PARTITION_SQL = CONCAT(@__PARTITION_SQL, "(PARTITION ", PARTITION_NAME, " VALUES LESS THAN (", UNIX_TIMESTAMP(FUTURE_TIMESTAMP), "));");
-- Run the partitioning query
PREPARE STMT FROM @__PARTITION_SQL;
EXECUTE STMT;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;
END IF;
END$$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE`partition_maintenance_all`(SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR(32))
BEGIN
CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history', 7, 24, 7);
CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_log', 7, 24, 7);
CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_str', 7, 24, 7);
CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_text', 7, 24, 7);
CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_uint', 30, 24, 7);
CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'trends', 730, 24, 14);
CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'trends_uint', 730, 24, 14);
END$$
DELIMITER ;
3）导入存储过程到zabbix库中
[root@172-21-3-218 zabbix]#mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix < partition.sql
4）执行存储过程
# 数据量大的话初次执行使用nohup 放在后台
# mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix -e "CALL partition_maintenance_all('zabbix')" &> /root/partition.log
5）完成后查看表结构出现多个PARTITION表示分区创建成功
mysql> show create table history\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: history
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `history` (
`itemid` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL,
`clock` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`value` double(16,4) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0.0000',
`ns` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
KEY `history_1` (`itemid`,`clock`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin
/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE (`clock`)
(PARTITION p202010130000 VALUES LESS THAN (1602604800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202010140000 VALUES LESS THAN (1602691200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202010150000 VALUES LESS THAN (1602777600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202010160000 VALUES LESS THAN (1602864000) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202010170000 VALUES LESS THAN (1602950400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202010180000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603036800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202010190000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603123200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202010200000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603209600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202010210000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603296000) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202010220000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603382400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202010230000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603468800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202010240000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603555200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202010250000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603641600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202010260000 VALUES LESS THAN (1603728000) ENGINE = InnoDB) */
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
6）编写脚本加计划任务自动执行
# cat partition.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
tmpfile=/tmp/partition_$$
/bin/date > $tmpfile
/bin/mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix -e "CALL partition_maintenance_all('zabbix');" >>$tmpfile 2>&1
/bin/rm -f $tmpfile
7）加入crontab计划任务
8）完成后要关闭zabbix 管家中的历史和趋势：
web界面选择 管理——> 一般 ——> 管家 ，去掉历史数据和趋势的勾选
