javaMail
JavaMail概述：
JavaMail是由Sun定义的一套收发电子邮件的API，不同的厂商可以提供自己的实现类。但它并没有包含在JDK中，而是作为JavaEE的一部分。
javaMail常见的邮件协议包括：
SMTP:简单的邮件传输协议，用于发送电子邮件协议；
POP3：用于接收电子邮件的标准邮件协议；
IMAP：互联网消息协议，是POP3的代替协议
这三种协议都有对应SSL加密传输的协议，分别是SMTPS，POP3S和IMAPS。
下面我们看一个例子来简单的了解一下Javamail
1.使用Spring发送带附件的电子邮件
大配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd"> <bean id="mailSender" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl"> <property name="host" value="192.168.8.71"></property><!-- 服务器 --> <property name="port" value="25"></property><!-- 端口 --> <property name="username" value="wxk"></property><!-- 用户名 --> <property name="password" value="wxk"></property><!-- 密码 --> <property name="protocol" value="smtp" ></property><!-- 协议 --> <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property><!-- 默认编码 --> <property name="javaMailProperties"> <props> <!-- 设置SMTP服务器需要用户验证 --> <prop key="mail.smtp.auth">true</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <bean id="mailWithAttachment" class="cn.bdqn.MailWithAttachment"> <property name="mailSender" ref="mailSender"></property> </bean> </beans>
log4j.properties
log4j.rootLogger=info,console log4j.appender.console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m%n
//测试
package cn.bdqn; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class MailTest { public static void main(String[] args){ ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); try{ MailWithAttachment mailWithAttach = (MailWithAttachment)context.getBean("mailWithAttachment"); mailWithAttach.send(); }catch(Exception e){ System.out.print(e.toString()); } } }
MailWithAttachment
package cn.bdqn; import java.io.IOException; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility; import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper; public class MailWithAttachment { private JavaMailSender mailSender; //必须使用 JavaMailSender public void setMailSender(JavaMailSender mailSender) { this.mailSender = mailSender; } public void send() throws MessagingException,IOException{ MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage(); MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true, "UTF-8"); helper.setFrom("wxk@mail.com"); helper.setTo("wj@mail.com"); helper.setSubject("等待是种执着"); helper.setText("青鸟的岁月似流年，又有多少青春如风逝去，不要让这座城市只留下无尽的回忆，却没有留下我们一起走过的青春，" + "青春不是生命的一瞬，而是一种自然的心境！"); //添加附件1 ClassPathResource file1 = new ClassPathResource("/cn/bdqn/attachfiles/QQ图片20161214191111.jpg"); helper.addAttachment(file1.getFilename(), file1.getFile()); //添加附件2：附件的文件名为中文时，需要对文件名进行编码转换，解决乱码问题 ClassPathResource file2 = new ClassPathResource("/cn/bdqn/attachfiles/附件测试文件.doc"); helper.addAttachment(MimeUtility.encodeWord(file2.getFilename()),file2.getFile()); mailSender.send(mimeMessage); } }
上传邮件成功
2.使用Spring发送简单邮件
大配置和log4j还要架包同上省略
package cn.bdqn;
import org.springframework.mail.MailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
public class Mail {
private MailSender mailSender;
public void setMailSender(MailSender mailSender) {
this.mailSender = mailSender;
}
public void send(){
SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
message.setFrom("wxk@mail.com");
message.setTo("wj@mail.com");
message.setSubject("会议通知fsb发布");
message.setText("jerry你好！请于明天下午16:00 准时到B01会议室召开技术讨论会。");
mailSender.send(message);
}
}
MailTest
package cn.bdqn;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MailTest {
public static void main(String[] args){
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
/*测试简单邮件*/
Mail mail = (Mail)context.getBean("mail");
mail.send();
}
}
3.使用Spring邮件服务和FreeMarker模板技术发送邮件
大配置和log4j还要架包同上省略
实体层
package cn.bdqn.pojo;
public class Mail {
private String to;
private String subject;
private String content;
public String getTo() {
return to;
}
public void setTo(String to) {
this.to = to;
}
public String getSubject() {
return subject;
}
public void setSubject(String subject) {
this.subject = subject;
}
public String getContent() {
return content;
}
public void setContent(String content) {
this.content = content;
}
}
LeaveService
package cn.bdqn.service;
import cn.bdqn.pojo.Mail;
public class LeaveService {
private MailService mailService;
public void setMailService(MailService mailService) {
this.mailService = mailService;
}
public void updateLeave(){
//省略审批请假申请
//查询数据库获取相关信息
String approver = "张来";
Mail mail = new Mail();
mail.setTo("wj@mail.com");
mail.setSubject("请假流程确认邮件");
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
sb.append("<html><head>");
sb.append("<meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html;charset=utf-8\">");
sb.append("<head><body>");
sb.append("<font color='blue' size='4' face='Arial'>");
sb.append("OA系统温馨提示：</font><br/><br/>");
sb.append(" ");
sb.append("在OA系统中，您提交的“请假流程” "+ approver +" 已经审批完成，点击如下链接可登陆系统查看流程，谢谢。" +
"如果登录时忘记密码，可以在网站登录页找回。<br/>");
sb.append("<br/><br/> <a href='http://www.jboa.com'>http://www.jboa.com</a>");
sb.append("<br/><br/> -----本邮件为系统自动发出，请勿回复-----");
mail.setContent(sb.toString());
try{
mailService.send(mail);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
MailService
package cn.bdqn.service;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import cn.bdqn.pojo.Mail;
public class MailService {
private JavaMailSender mailSender; //必须使用 JavaMailSender
public void setMailSender(JavaMailSender mailSender) {
this.mailSender = mailSender;
}
public void send(Mail mail) throws MessagingException,IOException{
MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true, "UTF-8");
helper.setFrom("wxk@mail.com");
helper.setTo(mail.getTo());
helper.setSubject(mail.getSubject());
helper.setText(mail.getContent(),true);
mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
System.out.print("发送完成！");
}
}
MailTest
package cn.bdqn;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import cn.bdqn.service.LeaveService;
public class MailTest {
public static void main(String[] args){
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
LeaveService service = (LeaveService)context.getBean("leaveService");
service.updateLeave();
}
}
最简单的站内传送Email上传，不需要大配置、log4j、架包
定义一个EmailAuthenticator类 extend Authenticator
public class EmailAuthenticator extends Authenticator {
private String username;
private String userpass;
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public void setUserpass(String userpass) {
this.userpass = userpass;
}
public EmailAuthenticator() {
}
public EmailAuthenticator(String username, String userpass) {
this.username = username;
this.userpass = userpass;
}
public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication(){
return new PasswordAuthentication(username,userpass);
}
定义Mail.java用来定义发件人和收件人的信息
public class Mail {
private String mailServer,from,to,mailSubject,mailContent;
private String username,password;
public Mail(){
//设置邮件信息
//进行认证登录的用户名
username="bxq@mail.com";
//认证密码
password="bxq";
//认证的邮箱对应的邮件服务器
mailServer="192.168.8.71";
//发件人信息
from="bxq";
//收件人信息
to="wj@mail.com";
//邮件标题
mailSubject="我们都是好孩子";
//邮件内容
mailContent="这是一封测试邮件！如有雷同，纯属不可能";
}
//设置邮件服务器
@SuppressWarnings("static-access")
public void send(){
Properties prop=System.getProperties();
//指定邮件server
prop.put("mail.smtp.host", mailServer);
//是否开启认证
prop.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
//smtp协议的
prop.put("mail.smtp.port", "25");
//产生Session服务
EmailAuthenticator mailauth=new EmailAuthenticator(username, password);
Session mailSession=Session.getInstance(prop,(Authenticator)mailauth);
try {
//封装Message对象
Message message=new MimeMessage(mailSession);
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); //发件人
message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));//收件人
message.setSubject(mailSubject);
//设置内容(设置字符集处理乱码问题)
message.setContent(mailContent,"text/html;charset=gbk");
message.setSentDate(new Date());
//创建Transport实例，发送邮件
Transport tran=mailSession.getTransport("smtp");
tran.send(message,message.getAllRecipients());
tran.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
测试 Test.java
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Mail mail=new Mail();
mail.send();
System.out.println("success!");
}
}
Transport和Store：传输和存储
邮件操作只有发送或接收两种处理方法，javaMail将两个不同的操作描述传输（javax.mail.Transport）和存储（javax.mail.Store），传输对应邮件的发送，而存储对应邮件的接收。
Session提供了几个用于创建Transport和Store实例的方法，在具体讲解这些方法之前，我们事先了解一下Session创建Transport和Store的内部机制。我们知道提供者在javamail.providers配置文件中为每一种支持的邮件协议定义了实现类，Session根据协议类型（stmp、pop3等）和邮件操作方式（传输和存储）这两个信息就可以定位到一个实例类上。比如，指定stmp协议和transport类型后，Session就会使用com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport实现类创建一个Transport实例，而指定pop3协议和store类型时，则会使用com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3Store实例类创建一个Store实例。Session提供了多个重载的getTransport()和getStore()方法，这些方法将根据Session中Properties属性设置情况进行工作，影响这两套方法工作的属性包括：
|
属性名 |
说明 |
|
mail.transport.protocol |
默认的邮件传输协议，例如，smtp |
|
mail.store.protocol |
默认的存储邮件协议，例如：pop3 |
|
mail.host |
默认的邮件服务地址，例如：192.168.67.1 |
|
mail.user |
默认的登陆用户名，例如：zapldy |
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